動名詞
動名詞是動詞的特殊形式,拼寫類似現(xiàn)在分詞,用法類似名詞,具有與二者均不同的特點:動名詞可作動詞或介詞賓語(分詞不行)之后可以再接賓語(名詞不行),它兼?zhèn)淞藙釉~和名詞的功能,故稱作動名詞
考點一 動名詞作賓語
1. 許多動詞不能接不定式作賓語,同時又需要動賓結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語,此時動名詞便可大顯身手了,如:enjoy singing(喜歡唱歌),
avoid looking me in the eye
miss crashing into the tree
Fancy meeting you here! (想不到在這里見到你了)
常接動名詞doing做賓語的動詞有:
enjoy, mind, delay, avoid, consider, deny, miss, escape, fancy, suggest, insist等
另外, 在一些固定用法當(dāng)中, 也需要用動名詞做賓語, 如:
can’t help doing, it’s no use doing, it’s worth doing, be busy doing, feel like doing等.
2. 有的動詞既可以用動名詞作賓語,也可以用不定式,兩者意思區(qū)別不大, 如: like, begin, start, love, learn等,
如: She began playing piano when she was five.
She began to play piano when she was five.
但是對于remember, forget, try等動詞來說,接不定式和接動名詞意義不同, 如:
How many people remember listening to the radio broadcast, "The War of the Worlds"
(還有多少人記得聽過無線廣播-- The War of the Worlds) (表示已經(jīng)聽過了)
I remember to listen to the radio broadcast, "The War of the Worlds"
(我想起來要聽廣播-- The War of the Worlds) (表示還沒有聽過)
We must try to work this problem out. (我們必須盡力把這道題做出來)(表示努力,設(shè)法)
We can try doing it. (我們可以試著做它) (表示嘗試)
動名詞作介詞賓語的情況更加普遍,詳見第四章介詞-介賓短語
例題:
(1)
A mortgage enables a person to buy property without paying for it outright; thus more people are able to enjoy to own a house.
應(yīng)改為:owning
解釋:enjoy doing是固定用法,必須用動名詞作enjoy的賓語