第三節(jié) 副詞在句中的位置
副詞在句中的位置比較靈活,放在句首、句中、句尾都有可能,這是副詞的優(yōu)點(diǎn),但同時給英語學(xué)習(xí)者帶來了麻煩,往往難以抉擇副詞的位置,TOEFL出題者也借此大做文章,給考生制造障礙,在填空題、改錯題中都涉及語序問題
幾點(diǎn)參考規(guī)則:
1. 多數(shù)副詞放在修飾的動詞之后,若動詞有賓語則放在賓語之后,如:
She sings very well.
I met your uncle(動詞的賓語) just now.
I met just now your uncle (錯)
2. 副詞修飾形容詞、介詞短語、副詞時常放在被修飾成分之前,如:
These two are only slightly different.
right after this, very smoothly
當(dāng)然,副詞enough是一個例外,要放在修飾成分的后面,如:
I am not good enough to do this job. (對)
I am not enough good to do this job. (錯)
3. 表示頻率的副詞常放在實(shí)意動詞之前,be動詞之后,如:
He often/ always/ rarely/seldom/never play(實(shí)意動詞) tennis.
He is always here at 8’clock. (be動詞之后)
4. 部分副詞的位置沒有一定的規(guī)定,原則上接近被修飾詞即可,如:
only, even, still, perhaps, etc.
例題:
(1)
When rainbows appear, they are always in the part of the sky opposite directly the Sun.
應(yīng)改為:directly opposite.
解釋:opposite 與the Sun 構(gòu)成介賓短語, 修飾副詞directly必須置于opposite之前
(2)
Amoebas are ---- small to be seen without a microscope.
(A) far too
(B) far and
(C) so far
(D) as far as
答案:A
解釋:空格前是句子的主謂語,空格處需要small的修飾語,B, C, D都不能修飾形容詞, 故選A, 由副詞too修飾small,副詞far用來加深程度