缺少高管阻礙中國(guó)企業(yè)海外擴(kuò)張
　　咨詢(xún)公司麥肯錫(McKinsey)進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)中國(guó)企業(yè)調(diào)查顯示，缺乏有國(guó)際經(jīng)驗(yàn)的高管，增加了中國(guó)企業(yè)進(jìn)行海外收購(gòu)的難度。
　　A dearth of executives with international experience is complicating efforts by Chinese companies to make overseas acquisitions, according to a survey of Chinese enterprises conducted by consultants McKinsey.
　　盡管涉及中國(guó)集團(tuán)的跨境交易數(shù)量在加速增長(zhǎng)，但75%的受訪(fǎng)公司表示，缺少合格高管阻礙了其國(guó)際擴(kuò)張計(jì)劃。
　　Although the number of cross-border deals involving Chinese groups was accelerating, 75 per cent of the companies polled said a lack of qualified executives was holding back international expansion plans.
　　“具有國(guó)際企業(yè)工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)的中國(guó)經(jīng)理人相對(duì)較少，”麥肯錫上海分公司董事長(zhǎng)、報(bào)告的聯(lián)合作者歐高敦(Gordon Orr)表示。“特別是缺少某些功能領(lǐng)域的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，比如并購(gòu)。”
　　“There are relatively few managers in China with experience of working in an international organization,” said Gordon Orr, a director of McKinsey’s Shanghai office and co-author of the report. “There is also a specific lack of experience in certain functional areas such as undertaking mergers and acquisitions.”
　　這份報(bào)告出臺(tái)之際，人們正對(duì)中國(guó)企業(yè)的擴(kuò)張計(jì)劃猜測(cè)紛紛。市場(chǎng)一直有傳言稱(chēng)，中國(guó)公司將試圖對(duì)英澳礦業(yè)集團(tuán)力拓(Rio Tinto)發(fā)起競(jìng)購(gòu)。力拓已經(jīng)收到必和必拓(BHP Billiton)的1400億美元收購(gòu)報(bào)價(jià)。
　　The report comes at a time of intense speculation about the expansion plans of corporate China, including persistent rumours that Chinese companies will try to put together a counter-bid for Rio Tinto, the Anglo-Australian mining group which has received a $140bn bid from BHP Billiton.
　　麥肯錫稱(chēng)，自2005年初以來(lái)，中國(guó)公司已經(jīng)達(dá)成了價(jià)值2710億美元的海外交易，高于印度公司的2120億美元。
　　According to McKinsey, Chinese companies have done overseas deals worth $271bn since the start of 2005, compared to $212bn for Indian companies.
　　然而，中國(guó)公司迄今大多回避大型收購(gòu)，部分原因就是由于缺乏管理專(zhuān)長(zhǎng)。中國(guó)的銀行一直在專(zhuān)注于購(gòu)買(mǎi)跨國(guó)企業(yè)少數(shù)股權(quán)，資源公司則把注意力放在單個(gè)礦業(yè)項(xiàng)目上。
　　However, Chinese companies have largely eschewed big takeovers, in part because of a lack of management expertise. Instead, Chinese banks have focused on buying small stakes in multinationals while resources companies have concentrated on individual mining projects.
　　麥肯錫采訪(fǎng)了30家中國(guó)領(lǐng)軍企業(yè)的高管。根據(jù)采訪(fǎng)結(jié)果撰寫(xiě)的這份報(bào)告發(fā)現(xiàn)，中國(guó)的集團(tuán)沒(méi)有印度或拉美集團(tuán)那么大的國(guó)際野心。只有50%的受訪(fǎng)中國(guó)公司表示渴望成為跨國(guó)企業(yè)，而同類(lèi)研究數(shù)據(jù)顯示，有79%的印度公司和63%的拉美公司有志成為跨國(guó)企業(yè)。
　　The McKinsey study, which was based on interviews with senior executives at 30 leading Chinese companies, found that Chinese groups had fewer international ambitions than peers in India or Latin America. While only 50 per cent of Chinese companies in the survey said they aspired to become multinationals, the figure from parallel studies was 79 per cent for Indian companies and 63 per cent for Latin America.
　　中國(guó)企業(yè)表示，它們常常缺少交易完成后執(zhí)行并購(gòu)所需的技能。有半數(shù)公司表示，它們?cè)诤Ｍ饽繕?biāo)市場(chǎng)招募高管方面不成功。
　　Chinese companies said they often lacked the skills needed to implement mergers or acquisitions once deals had been completed and half said they had been unsuccessful at recruiting executives in overseas target markets.
　　北京世界經(jīng)濟(jì)與政治研究所(Institute of World Economics and Politics)研究員張明指出，由于缺乏經(jīng)驗(yàn)和政治上的反對(duì)，中國(guó)公司走向海外時(shí)必然會(huì)遇到問(wèn)題。他表示，中國(guó)公司必須大幅提高業(yè)務(wù)方式的靈活性。
　　Zhang Ming, a researcher at the Institute of World Economics and Politics in Beijing, said Chinese companies would inevitably face problems as they go overseas because of lack of experience and political opposition. “Chinese companies will have to become much more flexible in the way they do business,” he said.