On Motes and Beams

    It is curious that our own offenses should seem so much less heinous than the offenses of others. I suppose the reason is that we know all the circumstances that have occasioned them and so manage to excuse in ourselves what we cannot excuse in others. We turn our attention away from our own defects， and when we are forced by untoward events to consider them， find it easy to condone them. For all I know we are right to do this； they are part of us and we must accept the good and bad in ourselves together.

    But when we come to judge others， it is not by ourselves as we really are that we judge them， but by an image that we have formed of ourselves fro which we have left out everything that offends our vanity or would discredit us in the eyes of the world. To take a trivial instance： how scornful we are when we catch someone out telling a lie； but who can say that he has never told not one， but a hundred？

    There is not much to choose between men. They are all a hotchpotch of greatness and littleness， of virtue and vice， of nobility and baseness. Some have more strength of character， or more opportunity， and so in one direction or another give their instincts freer play， but potentially they are the same. For my part， I do not think I am any better or any worse than most people， but I know that if I set down every action in my life and every thought that has crossed my mind， the world would consider me a monster of depravity. The knowledge that these reveries are common to all men should inspire one with tolerance to oneself as well as to others. It is well also if they enable us to look upon our fellows， even the most eminent and respectable， with humor， and if they lead us to take ourselves not too seriously.

    譯文：

    微塵與棟梁

    讓人奇怪的是，和別人的過(guò)錯(cuò)比起來(lái)，我們自身的過(guò)錯(cuò)往往不是那樣的可惡。我想，其原因應(yīng)該是我們知曉一切導(dǎo)致自己犯錯(cuò)的情況，因此能夠設(shè)法諒解自己的錯(cuò)誤，而別人的錯(cuò)誤卻不能諒解。我們對(duì)自己的缺點(diǎn)不甚關(guān)注，即便是深陷困境而不得不正視它們的時(shí)候，我們也會(huì)很容易就寬恕自己。據(jù)我所知，我們這樣做是正確的。缺點(diǎn)是我們自身的一部分，我們必須接納自己的好和壞。

    但是當(dāng)我們?cè)u(píng)判別人的時(shí)候，情況就不同了。我們不是通過(guò)真實(shí)的自我來(lái)評(píng)判別人，而是用一種自我形象來(lái)評(píng)判，這種自我形象完全摒棄了在任何世人眼中會(huì)傷害到自己的虛榮或者體面的東西。舉一個(gè)小例子來(lái)說(shuō)：當(dāng)覺(jué)察到別人說(shuō)謊時(shí)，我們是多么地蔑視他�。〉���，誰(shuí)能夠說(shuō)自從未說(shuō)過(guò)謊？可能還不止一百次呢。

    人和人之間沒(méi)什么大的差別。他們皆是偉大與渺小，善良與邪惡，高尚與低俗的混合體。有的人性格比較堅(jiān)毅，機(jī)會(huì)也比較多，因而達(dá)個(gè)或那個(gè)方面，能夠更自由地發(fā)揮自己的稟賦，但是人類的潛能卻都是相同的。至于我自己，我認(rèn)為自己并不比大多數(shù)人更好或者更差，但是我知道，假如我記下我生命中每一次舉動(dòng)和每一個(gè)掠過(guò)我腦海的想法的話，世界就會(huì)將我視為一個(gè)邪惡的怪物。每個(gè)人都會(huì)有這樣的怪念頭，這樣的認(rèn)識(shí)應(yīng)當(dāng)能夠啟發(fā)我們寬容自己，也寬容他人。同時(shí)，假如因此我們得以用幽默的態(tài)度看待他人，即使是天下最優(yōu)秀最令人尊敬的人，而且假如我們也因此不把自己看得過(guò)于重要，那是很有裨益的。