這兩個(gè)詞都有“相當(dāng)”、“適中”的意思,但fairly主要用于修飾褒義的形容詞和副詞(如bravely,good,nice,well等)而rather主要修飾貶義的形容詞和副詞(如bad,stupidly,ugly等):
Tom is fairly clever,but Peter is rather stupid.
湯姆相當(dāng)聰明,而彼得就頗笨。
I walk fairly fast but Ann walks rather slowly.
我走得相當(dāng)快,而安就走得相當(dāng)慢。
兩者都可以與分詞連用:
He was fairly relaxed;she was rather tense.
他很放松,而她就相當(dāng)緊張。
a fairly interesting film一部相當(dāng)有意思的電影
a rather boring book一本相當(dāng)乏味的書
不定冠詞必須放在fairly之前,但可放在rather之前或之后:
a fairly light box一個(gè)相當(dāng)輕的盒子
a rather heavy box/rather a heavy box
一個(gè)相當(dāng)重的盒子一些本身沒(méi)有褒貶意義的形容詞和副詞如fast,slow,thin,thick,hot,cold等,之前加上fairly時(shí)表示贊許而加上rather時(shí)表示不贊許。This soup is fairly hot(這湯還挺熱)這意味說(shuō)話人喜歡喝熱湯。而This soup is rather hot(這湯太熱了)就意味著說(shuō)話人嫌湯太熱了點(diǎn)。
rather可用在alike,like,similar,different等詞及比較級(jí)之前,這時(shí)它的含義是“少許”或“略微”:
Siamese cats are rather like dogs in some ways.
暹羅貓?jiān)谀承┓矫骈L(zhǎng)得有點(diǎn)兒像狗。
The weather was rather worse than I had expected
天氣要比我預(yù)料的還壞。
rather a可以與一些名詞連用,如disappiontment,disadvan-tage,nuisance,pity,shame及joke:
It’s rather a nuisance that we can’t park here.
真討厭,我們不能在這里停車。(有點(diǎn)不方便)
It’s rather a shame that he has to work on Sundays.
真討厭,他連星期天也得去上班。(有點(diǎn)不公平)
fairly則不能這樣用。
rather可以用在某些褒義的形容詞和副詞之前,如amusing,clever,good,pretty,well等,但其含義變了。這時(shí)它幾乎相當(dāng)于very之意,沒(méi)有貶義,如She is rather clever(她很聰明)。
這句含義相當(dāng)于She is very clever。rather這樣用時(shí)顯然具有比f(wàn)airly更深的褒義,如It is a fairly good play(這個(gè)戲還算可以)。這一說(shuō)法會(huì)起到勸阻旁人去看戲的作用。但如果說(shuō)It israther a good play(這個(gè)戲很好)則無(wú)疑是一種推薦。有時(shí)rather這樣用時(shí)含有“驚訝”之意:
—I suppose the house was filthy.
—No,as a matter of fact it was rather clean.
—我想屋子一定很臟。
—不,它實(shí)際上卻很干凈。
rather也可用在enjoy與like這兩個(gè)詞前,有時(shí)還可用在dis-like與object這一類動(dòng)詞之前:
I rather like the smell of petrol.
我倒很喜歡汽油味兒。
He rather enjoys queueing.
他卻很喜歡排隊(duì)。
rather還可以用來(lái)對(duì)由以上動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成的問(wèn)句作簡(jiǎn)單回答:
—Do you like him?
—Yes,I do,rather.
—你喜歡他嗎?
—是的,我倒相當(dāng)喜歡他。
rather+like/enjoy主要用于表現(xiàn)一種“喜愛(ài)”,而這種喜愛(ài)是出乎旁人或說(shuō)話者本人意料之外的。但它也可以用來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)詞,如I rather like Tom(我很喜歡湯姆)。這就要比I likeTom(我喜歡湯姆)具有更強(qiáng)烈的感情色彩。