第四節(jié) 同位語
同位語一般接在名詞或代詞后,對其進行補充說明,結(jié)構(gòu)上和之前的詞并列,多是主語和賓語帶有同位語,有時同位語為表示強調(diào)可提前到主語之前。同位語主要由名詞充當
如:Let me introduce Miss Green, my next-door neighbor. (逗號后是同位語)
The famous American poet, Whitman, is best remembered for his collection entitled Leaves of Grass. (Whitman之前是同位語)
填空題中若除去空格部分是完整的主謂結(jié)構(gòu),且空格與句子其他部分之間用兩個逗號完全隔開或用一個逗號隔開一邊,則空格處需要填入同位語或定語
例題:
(1)
From 1946 to 1949, ----William Henry Hastie served as governor of the Virgin Islands.
(A) the lawyer
(B) he was the lawyer
(C) the lawyer who
(D) was the lawyer
答案:A
解釋:給出部分主謂俱全,空白處只能是主語的修飾部分,A恰好構(gòu)成同位語。B,D與原句主謂語沖突;C從句無謂語
(2)
The skyscraper, ----, is an architectural form that originated in the United States.
(A) is a tall commercial structure
(B) a tall commercial structure
(C) a tall commercial structure which
(D) of which a tall commercial structure
答案:B
解釋:空格前是句子的主語, 空格后是謂語, 且空格兩頭都有逗號, 需填入的最可能是主語的同位語; A是謂語形式, 可先排除; C、D都使原句只有從句無主句; B是名詞短語作同位語
�。�3)
Plankton, ----, is the basic foodstuff for everything that lives in the ocean.
(A) comprise both minute marine animals and plants
(B) is the name given to minute marine animals and plants
(C) the collective name for minute marine animals and plants
(D) minute marine animals and plants collectively that
考點:同位語
答案:C
解釋:空格前后分別是句子的主謂語,以逗號隔開,空格處需要同位語或定語,A, B是謂語結(jié)構(gòu),可先排除;D使原句只有從句無主句;C是名詞短語,恰好作主語同位語
詞匯:plankton: 浮游生物, collective name: 總稱, minute: 微小的