根據(jù)《在職人員以研究生畢業(yè)同等學(xué)力申請(qǐng)碩士學(xué)位外國(guó)語(yǔ)課程水平統(tǒng)一考試大綱》的規(guī)定，要求考生具備一定的寫(xiě)作能力，在30分鐘內(nèi)按要求寫(xiě)出一篇100～120詞的短文，形式可以是按所給的提綱寫(xiě)短文，或描述圖表，寫(xiě)內(nèi)容提要、概述等。分值為15分。

     從某種意義上來(lái)說(shuō)，同等學(xué)力英語(yǔ)作文有點(diǎn)類(lèi)似“八股文”：因?yàn)樗�有固定的�?xiě)作格式、結(jié)構(gòu)。對(duì)于固定的題型，有固定不變的表達(dá)法。因此，大家有理由相信只要訓(xùn)練方法得當(dāng)，對(duì)付寫(xiě)作是不難的。我認(rèn)為最好的方法就是多背范文和常用句型。包括各類(lèi)型作文的開(kāi)頭、結(jié)尾句、中間展開(kāi)、過(guò)渡句，以及比較、圖表說(shuō)明等的常用句型和表達(dá)法，然后自己多動(dòng)筆寫(xiě)一寫(xiě)，只要按這樣的方法進(jìn)行練習(xí)，短時(shí)間內(nèi)就可以在寫(xiě)作上取得滿(mǎn)意的分。下面給大家介紹一些常用的過(guò)渡詞和句型：

     過(guò)渡詞在文章中發(fā)揮著連接上下文的作用，學(xué)會(huì)恰當(dāng)?shù)剡\(yùn)用過(guò)渡詞會(huì)使文章連貫、流暢。這里提供的過(guò)渡詞都是最基本的，考生在時(shí)間緊、工作繁忙的情況下，可根據(jù)自己的喜好，掌握各類(lèi)中的二至三個(gè)用法即可。

1.常用于文章開(kāi)始的過(guò)渡詞語(yǔ)和句子。
1) To begin with首先
2) Generally speaking一般地說(shuō)，總體上說(shuō)
3) First of all第一，首先
4) With(the development/progress/growth)of(economy/society)… 隨著(經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì))的(發(fā)展、進(jìn)步、增長(zhǎng))……
5) Recently近來(lái)

2.常用于文章結(jié)尾的過(guò)渡詞和句子。
1) In conclusion最后，在結(jié)束時(shí)
2) In brief簡(jiǎn)言之
3) In a word總之 　
4) It is high time that… 到……時(shí)候了
5) It is only when… that… 只有當(dāng)……才……

3.常用于表示先后次序的過(guò)渡詞語(yǔ)及句子
1) first, second, third…第一，第二，第三
2) To begin with…, moreover…, finally…，首先……，此外……，最后……
3) Meanwhile同時(shí)　
4) since then自此之后
5) Therefore因而

4.常用于表示因果關(guān)系及分析原因的過(guò)渡詞語(yǔ)與句子
1) As a result由于…結(jié)果
2) Due to由于
3) consequently結(jié)果，因此
4) One may criticize … for …，but the real cause of …lies deeper
5) Among …reasons, one should be emphasized that…在眾多的原因中，其中一點(diǎn)給予強(qiáng)調(diào)……

5.常用于比較和對(duì)比的過(guò)渡詞
1) unlike… 與……不同 　
2) In contrast… 與之相比
3) On the other hand… 另一方面
4) Likewise同樣
5) similarly同樣

掌握了以上過(guò)渡詞及句型，相信大家在寫(xiě)作時(shí)應(yīng)該不會(huì)沒(méi)話(huà)說(shuō)了吧。下面給大家提供一個(gè)寫(xiě)作的模板供大家參考：

When it comes to ____話(huà)題____， opinions vary/differ from person to person. Some people claim that ____正面觀(guān)點(diǎn)/一種觀(guān)點(diǎn)____ is superior to ____反面觀(guān)點(diǎn)/另一種觀(guān)點(diǎn)____ in many ways. First, ____理由一____. Secondly, ____理由二____. Last but not least, ____理由三___.

Nevertheless, other people argue that the opposite/reverse is true. /Other people believe that ____另一種觀(guān)點(diǎn)____enjoys more advantages. For one thing, ____理由一____.For another, ____理由____.

From what has been discussed above, I personally think ____第一/第二種觀(guān)點(diǎn)____carries more weight than ____第二/一種觀(guān)點(diǎn)____since____概括理由____.

將這些模板都背會(huì)了，掌握了，相信寫(xiě)作這一部分對(duì)大家應(yīng)該沒(méi)什么問(wèn)題了。

Shopping on the Net 網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物

Directions:

A. Time limit : 40 minutes
B. Word Limit: no less than 150 words
C. Your composition should be based on the Outline given in Chinese below:

近來(lái)在一些發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)出現(xiàn)網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物熱
一些人喜歡網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物
另一些人不喜歡網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物

參考范文：

    Recently, shopping on the Net is gradually becoming popular in modern cities. To illustrate, we can conduct E-business, advertise our products, book an air ticket, buy and sell stocks, even hunt a job on the web. However, people take different attitudes towards the new way of shopping.

     Some people who prefer shopping on the virtual shopping centers hold that the new way of shopping has many advantages. First, the web-stores can keep customers updated about the best selling products. Besides, they can provide customers with a wider range of choices. Most important of all, it is very convenient and time-saving. People can stay at home shopping whatever they want online.

     However, others who stick to shopping in the real-life stores have their reasons. First, they argue that it’s a little bit complicated to pay on the Web. Besides, they think that customers can never believe the quality of the commodities unless they see them with their own eyes. Finally, they believe the best way to be on guard against the fake and poor quality commodities is to shop in the traditional way. Therefore, they don’t show any interest in shopping online. (However, more and more people will prefer shopping on the Web. And it’s believed that it will eventually be a trend of shopping in the 21st century.)---可加可不加

1、金融危機(jī)下，找工作越來(lái)越難

2、你如何保持自己在職場(chǎng)的不敗之地

     It seems that the financial crisis has made it more and more difficult for people for find a good job. Meanwhile (At the same time), it becomes even harder for us to keep our positions, because there are more applicants available.

     So, how can we make us always successful in our career? In my perspective, there are at least three ways, which are compatible with the current situation. Above all, we should recharge ourselves through various methods, such as training and part-time education. It is notable that this method has been holding an increasingly significant proportion. Then, we should maintain good interpersonal relationship. This belief is reinforced by a recent survey which shows that 60% of adults, more or less, the beneficiaries of the consequence. Last but not least, we should stay in touch with update information happening in our career. Although there are some other measures to help us, I think the above mentioned are commonly acceptable. (講義 P 18圖表題模板第二段最后一句話(huà),可要可不要)

     From what we discussed above, a conclusion could be safely drawn: only with the Only with the right attitude and effective approaches, can the promising future be achieved.

此外還想對(duì)對(duì)考生提出幾點(diǎn)建議，以下幾方面是考生在復(fù)習(xí)準(zhǔn)備期間和考試時(shí)應(yīng)特別注意的：

(一)考前準(zhǔn)備

    考生在考前應(yīng)寫(xiě)幾篇短文，先找自己感興趣的題目寫(xiě)。對(duì)一些從沒(méi)寫(xiě)過(guò)英語(yǔ)作文的考生來(lái)說(shuō)，要克服畏難情緒，寫(xiě)第一篇作文時(shí)，考生有可能出現(xiàn)較多較嚴(yán)重的錯(cuò)誤，但不要緊，因?yàn)橹挥羞~出第一步，才能取得更大的進(jìn)步，否則會(huì)永遠(yuǎn)停留在不會(huì)寫(xiě)的水平上。建議考生自己動(dòng)筆，寫(xiě)前不要看范文，可以參考一下寫(xiě)作提示，寫(xiě)完后再與范文對(duì)照。另外，不要死記硬背范文，考生應(yīng)從范文中找出自己喜好和需要的句型或詞匯記憶，因?yàn)樽魑臎](méi)有唯一的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案，只要寫(xiě)得好就會(huì)得高分。

(二)避免寫(xiě)錯(cuò)句

    作文要表達(dá)清楚，錯(cuò)句、語(yǔ)病太多肯定影響表達(dá)思想。因而考生在寫(xiě)作時(shí)一定要首先做到盡可能地減少錯(cuò)誤，在此基礎(chǔ)上才可以考慮有一些句式的變化。如果為了追求句式的變化而出現(xiàn)一些本來(lái)可以避免的錯(cuò)誤，同樣會(huì)影響成績(jī)。同時(shí)，寫(xiě)作時(shí)還應(yīng)避開(kāi)自己不會(huì)用英文表達(dá)的思想，使用自己有把握的句型和詞匯，這樣才能更好地避免錯(cuò)誤。

(三)篇幅適中

     由于寫(xiě)作的時(shí)間只有30分鐘，篇幅要求100詞左右，因此考生在確定段落的主題句之后，只要圍繞段落的中心思想寫(xiě)三至五句，把意思表達(dá)清楚即可。一般情況下，一篇三段文的短篇，各段的長(zhǎng)度應(yīng)相差不多，不應(yīng)在前二段中花太多的時(shí)間，而后一段只匆匆寫(xiě)了一句，這樣做也會(huì)影響成績(jī)。

(四)修改定稿

     修改定稿是考生在考場(chǎng)應(yīng)試時(shí)決不能缺少的一步�？忌���30分鐘的寫(xiě)作考試中應(yīng)留出2至3分鐘，把自己的作文通讀一遍，檢查錯(cuò)句及語(yǔ)病。相當(dāng)多的考生是能分辨錯(cuò)誤的，只是寫(xiě)時(shí)未加注意，只要認(rèn)真檢查，許多常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤如主謂一致問(wèn)題、大小寫(xiě)問(wèn)題、拼寫(xiě)及標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)等都是可以自己更正的。如果考生在平時(shí)的寫(xiě)作訓(xùn)練中抓住這一環(huán)節(jié)養(yǎng)成習(xí)慣，正式考試時(shí)就不會(huì)忽視改定稿了。