2011年12月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)閱讀沖刺練習(xí)(7)

來(lái)源：育路教育網(wǎng)發(fā)布時(shí)間：2011-12-11

　　The National Basketball Association （NBA） is the major professional basketball league in the world, with teams from the United States and Canada. With the addition of the Toronto Raptors and the ancouver Grizzlies prior to the 1995～ 1996 season, the NBA expanded to 29 teams competing in two conferences, the Eastern and Western, in four separate divisions. Each team conducts a training camp in October to determine its 12- player roster. Training camp allows each team to evaluate players, especially rookies （first-year players）, to assess the team's strengths and weaknesses, and to prepare players for the upcoming season through a series of on-court drills and practice of offensive and defensive strategy. After a series of exhibition games, the NBA begins its 82-game regular season in the first week of November.

　　In the second week of February, the NBA interrupts its season to celebrate the annual NBA All-Star game, featuring the game's best players as selected by the general balloting of fans throughout the United States and Canada. After the NBA season concludes in the third week in April, a total of 16 teams qualify for the playoffs（常規(guī)賽季后的奪標(biāo)決賽）（8 teams from each conference）.

　　Every June the league conducts its amateur draft, in which each team obtains the rights to the professional services of the best collegiate and international players. Any player who has graduated from high school and is at least 17 years old qualifies for the NBA draft if that player renounces intercollegiate eligibility. To determine the draft order the NBA uses a draft lottery, introduced in 1985. Those teams that failed to qualify for the playoffs the previous season are eligible for the lottery. The lottery determines the first three teams to select in the draft. The remaining teams draft according to their win-loss record of the previous season, so that teams with poorer records draft higher than those with better records. The NBA draft consists of only two rounds, with a total of 58 players chosen. Those players not selected in the draft can be invited to try out for a team and are sometimes signed to playing contracts.

　　Questions 1 to 5 are based on the passage above.

　　1.According to the first paragraph,there are 29 teams in the NBA competing is divisions in two conferences?

　　A. eight

　　B.six

　　C.four

　　D.two

　　2.The games before the NBA's 82-game regular season are_____.

　　A.exhibition games

　　B.irregular games

　　C.intercollegiate games

　　D.the annual NBA All-Star game

　　3.When does the NBA begin to celebrate the annual NBA All-Star game?

　　A.The third week in April

　　B.After a series of exhibition games

　　C.The second week of February

　　D.The first week of November

　　4.The word "renounce" in the third paragraph most probably means_____.

　　A.give up

　　B.pause

　　C.go down the drain

　　D.make a name for oneself

　　5.Which of the following teams draft according to the their win-loss record of the previous season?

　　A.The top three in the previous season.

　　B.All the teams except the first three determined by the lottery.

　　C.The teams that failed to qualify for the playoffs the previous season.

　　D.The teams from Canada and other countries.

　　文章精要

　　說(shuō)明文。作者在這篇文章中主要介紹了美國(guó)國(guó)家籃球協(xié)會(huì)（NBA）的組成、比賽程序和各隊(duì)的選秀程序。

　　斟詞酌句

　　1.ballot v. （使）投票表決

　　n.投票表決（或選舉）;選票;投票總數(shù)

　　*The club members held a secret ballot to choose the chairperson. 俱樂(lè)部成員用無(wú)記名投票選舉負(fù)責(zé)人。

　　2.draft vt. 征召……入隊(duì)，征募;起草，草擬

　　n. 征兵，服役;草稿，草案，草圖;匯票;通風(fēng)，氣流

　　*I've made a first draft of my speech for Friday. 我打好了星期五講演的初稿。

　　3.renounce vt. 聲明放棄，拋棄;宣布中止

　　*He renounced his claim to the property. 他宣布正式放棄財(cái)產(chǎn)所有權(quán)。

　　4.lottery n. 抽彩給獎(jiǎng)法;碰運(yùn)氣的事，難于算計(jì)的事

　　*The state uses a lottery to assign spaces in the campground. 政府用抓鬮的辦法來(lái)指明集中營(yíng)的地點(diǎn)。

　　5.eligible adj. 有條件被選中的，有恰當(dāng)資格的;（尤指婚姻等）合適的，合意的

　　*I know an eligible young lady who would be an excellent cooperator for you.

　　eligibility n. 資格，合格，適任

　　試題精析

　　1.選A.本題為主要細(xì)節(jié)正誤題。從第一段“the NBA expanded to 29 teams competing in two conferences, the Eastern and Western, in four separate divisions”可以推斷，分兩個(gè)區(qū)，每區(qū)四個(gè)組，一共八個(gè)組。

　　2.選A.本題為主要細(xì)節(jié)正誤題。從第一段“After a series of exhibition games, the NBA begins its 82-game regular season in the first week of November”可知A選項(xiàng)為正確答案。

　　3.選C.本題為主要斜街正誤題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“In the second week of February, the NBA interrupts its season to celebrate the annual NBA All-Star game”可知C選項(xiàng)正確。

　　4.選A.本題為詞義推斷題。“give up”的意思為“放棄，遺棄”;pause的意思為中止，暫停;go down the drain的意思為“越來(lái)越糟”;make a name for oneself的意思為出名，成名。由上下文可知，renounce應(yīng)是宣布放棄的意思。

　　5.選B.本題為主要細(xì)節(jié)正誤題。最后一段說(shuō)“The lottery determines the first three teams to select in the draft. The remaining teams draft according to their win-loss record of the previous season”，其中，“剩余的球隊(duì)”指的就是“由抽簽決定的先選秀的三個(gè)球隊(duì)以外的所有球隊(duì)”。

　　全文翻譯

　　國(guó)家籃球協(xié)會(huì)（NBA）是世界上主要的職業(yè)籃球聯(lián)盟，由美國(guó)和加拿大的球隊(duì)組成。由于在1995～1996年賽季之前多倫多猛龍隊(duì)和溫哥華灰熊隊(duì)的加入，NBA擴(kuò)大到29支球隊(duì)，比賽分東、西兩個(gè)區(qū)各4個(gè)組舉行。每支球隊(duì)在10月份舉辦一個(gè)訓(xùn)練營(yíng)以確定它的12名運(yùn)動(dòng)員名單。訓(xùn)練營(yíng)允許每隊(duì)評(píng)估運(yùn)動(dòng)員，特別是新手（第一年參賽運(yùn)動(dòng)員）;評(píng)價(jià)球隊(duì)的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn);并通過(guò)一系列的場(chǎng)上訓(xùn)練以及攻防策略的實(shí)踐，使運(yùn)動(dòng)員為即將到來(lái)的賽季作好準(zhǔn)備。在一系列的表演賽之后，NBA于11月的第一周開(kāi)始它82場(chǎng)比賽的常規(guī)賽季。

　　在2月的第2周，NBA中斷賽季比賽，以便舉行每年一度的NBA全明星比賽。該比賽的特點(diǎn)在于參賽運(yùn)動(dòng)員皆是由整個(gè)美國(guó)和加拿大球迷投票選出的最佳運(yùn)動(dòng)員。NBA常規(guī)賽季于4月的第3周結(jié)束。之后共有16支球隊(duì)（每區(qū)各選出8支球隊(duì)）有資格參加決賽。

　　每年6月聯(lián)盟進(jìn)行其業(yè)余選秀。每支球隊(duì)有權(quán)吸收大學(xué)和國(guó)際上最好的運(yùn)動(dòng)員為專業(yè)運(yùn)動(dòng)員。任何高中畢業(yè)年滿17周歲的選手如果宣布放棄校際比賽資格即可參加NBA選秀。NBA采用1985年引入的抽簽形式?jīng)Q定其選秀順序。上個(gè)賽季未進(jìn)入決賽的那些球隊(duì)首先抽簽選秀。由抽簽決定哪3支球隊(duì)首先選秀。其他球隊(duì)按照前一賽季的比賽成績(jī)決定先后，這樣成績(jī)較差的球隊(duì)比成績(jī)較好的球隊(duì)先進(jìn)行選秀。NBA選秀只有兩輪，共有58名運(yùn)動(dòng)員供選。沒(méi)有入選的選手可以接受邀請(qǐng)到某一球隊(duì)試訓(xùn)，有時(shí)會(huì)與球隊(duì)簽約參賽。

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