下面是職稱英語(yǔ)考試歷年常見(jiàn)考點(diǎn)詳細(xì)解析，育路教育網(wǎng)特別為您搜集整理，內(nèi)容如下：

第五章 補(bǔ)全短文的必背解題技巧

　　第一節(jié) 補(bǔ)全短文的技巧

　　補(bǔ)全短文題型中，每個(gè)題目都是一個(gè)陳述句，出現(xiàn)的位置不固定。

　　這種題型不是要求你寫出答案，而是從選項(xiàng)中選擇。選項(xiàng)的數(shù)目要多于題目的數(shù)目。

　　補(bǔ)全短文題型對(duì)閱讀能力的要求較高，同時(shí)也非常注重基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)如語(yǔ)法、詞匯知識(shí)的考查，因此補(bǔ)全短文題型的難度較大，是職稱考試中最令考生頭痛的題型之一。下面，我們來(lái)共同探索一下補(bǔ)全短文題型的出題思路及解題技巧，以下面這篇文章為例：

　　【例1】

Home Schooling

　　All children in the United States have to receive an education, but the law does not say they have to be educated at school. A number of parents prefer not to send their children to school. 46 There are about 300,000 home-schoolers in the United States today. Some parents prefer teaching their children at home because they do not believe that public schools teach the correct religious values, others believe they can provide a better educational experience for their children by teaching them at home. 47

　　David Guterson and his wife teach their three children at home. Guterson says that his children learn very differently from children in school. 48 For example, when there is heavy snowfall on a winter day, it may start a discussion or reading about climate, snow removal equipment, Alaska, polar bears, and winter tourism. Or a spring evening when the family is out watching the stars is a good time to ask questions about satellites and the space program. 49

　　Home schooling is often more interesting than regular schools, but critics say that home-schoolers are outsiders who might be uncomfortable mixing with other people in adult life. 50 However, most parents don't have the time or the desire to teach their children at home, so schools will continue to be where most children get their formal education.

　　練習(xí)：

　　A. Interestingly, results show that home-schooled children quite often do better than average on national tests in reading and math.

　　B. Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children.

　　C. Learning starts with the children's interests and questions.

　　D. Children who are educated at home are known as "home-schoolers".

　　E. In some countries, there are children who are educated by their parents at home instead of by teachers at school.

　　F. If the Brazilian rain forests are on the TV news, it could be a perfect time to talk about how rain forests influence the climate, how deserts are formed, and how the polar ice caps affect ocean levels.

　　解題方略：解每道題時(shí)只需要閱讀該題所在段落，不需要閱讀其他段落。往往通過(guò)閱讀該題目的前后句就能夠確定答案。

　　1.利用轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系來(lái)做題。

　　對(duì)于46題，我們可以閱讀其前面兩句話可知，法律沒(méi)有規(guī)定孩子們必須在學(xué)校里接受教育，這句話的潛臺(tái)詞就是有一些孩子沒(méi)有在學(xué)校里接受教育，那么他們?cè)谀睦锝邮芙逃��?那么就學(xué)生而言，at school相對(duì)應(yīng)的應(yīng)該是at home，所以選D。

　　2.利用歸納總結(jié)關(guān)系來(lái)做題。

　　對(duì)于47題，出現(xiàn)在第一段的末尾。在這一段中，一直在對(duì)比在學(xué)校里接受教育和在家里接受教育，作為總結(jié)句，應(yīng)該對(duì)這兩種教育形式的優(yōu)劣作出對(duì)比總結(jié)。在六個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，只有A和E提到了這兩種教育形式，但只有A正確，其中的results暗示了正確答案。

　　3.利用總分關(guān)系來(lái)解題。

　　對(duì)于48題，從例證詞for example我們就可得知，48空中必須出現(xiàn)一個(gè)具有概括意義的名詞而且這個(gè)名詞必須包括For example后所舉的例子。通過(guò)閱讀48題后面的句子：冬天下雪時(shí)他們與孩子討論有關(guān)氣候問(wèn)題與除雪設(shè)備，討論阿拉斯加、北極熊、冬季旅游等話題。在春天的夜晚，舉家出去看星星，然后問(wèn)孩子一些有關(guān)衛(wèi)星、太空項(xiàng)目等方面的問(wèn)題。這些講的是孩子感興趣的話題，因此正確答案選C。

　　4.利用并列關(guān)系解題。

　　對(duì)于49題，應(yīng)當(dāng)是48題的延續(xù)。49題作為第二段的最后一句，要么是對(duì)該段的總結(jié)，要么是For example后例證的并列。作為總結(jié)性的答案在選項(xiàng)中已經(jīng)沒(méi)有了，只可能是并列關(guān)系，因此選F。

　　5.利用關(guān)鍵詞來(lái)解題。

　　對(duì)于50題，我們可以完全用關(guān)鍵詞來(lái)解題。在最后一段第一句中出現(xiàn)了critics這個(gè)單詞，由此可見(jiàn)該段主要講批評(píng)家對(duì)home schooling所持的態(tài)度，在六個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有B答案中出現(xiàn)了critics這個(gè)詞，因此只能選B。

　　6.利用時(shí)間關(guān)系來(lái)解題。

　　我們以下面這篇文章為例：

　　【例2】

How to do well in exams

　　Do not underestimate the power of revision in the days and hours before an examination. The closer you are to the exam, the more chance you have of storing and retaining crucial information. But do not overdo it. 46 An effective daily routine can help you through an exam period, so in the days leading up to your first exam, get into the habit of being up and ready to word by game. It can be a shock to the system after months of working to your own timetable to be mentally alert at that time if you have not prepared for it.

　　On the day of the exam, have a good breakfast, pack tow of everything you need (pens, pencils, erasers, etc.), then make your way to the examination hall in good time. 47

　　Once in your seat, simply pause for a few seconds and collect your thoughts. Close your eyes and take in a few slow, deep breaths to help you relax. When you turn over the test paper, spend a shot period reading through all the instructions and questions, paying particular attention to key verbs such as "discuss", "compare" and "evaluate". 48 It is always wise to allow 10 minutes at the end of the exam to give yourself time to go back over your answers. Once you have selected the questions you wish to tackle, begin by attempting the one you think is your strongest. It will give you more confidence when you see a well-answered question down on paper. Also remember to write clearly, and do not be afraid to express the unexpected: after all, examiners can get very bored marking stereotypical answers.

　　49 If you do need something else to focus on to help you collect your thoughts, choose a fixture in the room, such as the ceiling or anything else that will not allow you to be distracted. Finally, once you have finished, never hang around outside afterwards to attend the discussion by other students. 50

　　上述這篇文章的正確答案為D，A，E，B，C

　　A. Try no to be contempt to look at those around you, or at the clock.

　　B. When you get home, read the examination paper through and look up the other words you didn't understand.

　　C. Sleep exercise and relaxation are all just as important.

　　D. Map out a quick plan of points you wish to make and how muck time you should spend on each question.

　　E. Go and have a well earned rest — then prepare for you are next exam.

　　F. Do not arrive too early, though, as other people's anxiety can be contagious(傳染性的), and you may suffer from undue panic.

　　這是按照考試的先后順序來(lái)確定正確答案的。