It is, everyone agrees, a huge task that the child performs when he learn to speak, and the fact that he does so in so short a period of time challenges explanation.

　　Do the constantly changing fashions of women's clothes, one wonders, reflect basic qualities of inconstancy and instability?

　　It was probably not until the 1880's that man, with the help of more advanced steam locomotive, managed to reach a speed of one hundred mph （英里）

　　要點(diǎn)分析和參考譯文

　　要點(diǎn)：“everyone agrees”為插入語�！癮nd”連結(jié)兩個(gè)并列句，前一句為“it is … that”強(qiáng)調(diào)句型；后一分句“the fact”后為同位語從句“that he does so in so short a period of time”，因此，后一分句的主要部分為the fact challenges（需要）explanation

　　參考譯文：每個(gè)人都同意孩子學(xué)說話確實(shí)是件困難的事，并且孩子能在這么短的時(shí)間里做到的確需要很好的解釋才行。轉(zhuǎn)自學(xué)易網(wǎng) www.studyez.com

　　要點(diǎn)：“one wonders”為插入語，本句主干結(jié)構(gòu)為“Do the fashions reflect qualities？”，“fashions” 有兩個(gè)定語“constantly changing”和“of women's clothes”�！皅ualities”也有兩個(gè)定語“basic”和“of inconstancy and instability”。

　　參考譯文：我們不知道女性服裝不斷變化的時(shí)尚是否反映出不可靠和不穩(wěn)定的基本特點(diǎn)。

　　要點(diǎn)：此句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型“It was …that…”; that 從句中主語man和謂語managed 之間插入介詞短語“with the help of …”作狀語。

　　參考譯文：大概直到19世紀(jì)80年代，人類借助一種更為先進(jìn)的蒸汽機(jī)車，才達(dá)到每小時(shí)100英里的速度。

　　Exercise

　　Americans admire the self-made person—the one who, with neither money nor family influence, fights his or her way to the top.

　　Silly or wise, terrible or delightful, it is a further helping of experience, an additional joy after dark, another slice of life cut differently for which, it seems to me, we are never sufficiently grateful.

　　Quite a different problem, but one that is causing growing concern, is that computers may violate people's privacy.

　　要點(diǎn)分析和參考譯文

　　要點(diǎn)：破折號(hào)后的“the one”是前面person的同位語，“the one”后面又有一個(gè)由who引導(dǎo)的定語從句，其中主語和謂語之間有一個(gè)插入語：with neither money nor family influence.

　　參考譯文：美國人欽佩靠個(gè)人奮斗而成功的人士：這種人既沒有金錢也沒有家庭背景，靠自己的奮斗攀登到最上層。

　　要點(diǎn)：Silly or wise, terrible or delightful為平行結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作讓步狀語。另外句子的表語也是平行結(jié)構(gòu)“a further helping of experience, an additional joy after dark”“it seems to me”為插入語，插入到for which引導(dǎo)的定語從句中。

　　參考譯文：不管是愚蠢還是聰明，可怕還是愉悅，夢(mèng)中的生活都是更深一層的另外一種體驗(yàn)，是天黑以后才有的另一種歡樂，是生活另一個(gè)不同的側(cè)面，對(duì)此我似乎覺得怎么感激也不為過。

　　要點(diǎn)：句中“but one that is causing growing concern”，在句中作插入語。在意義上是對(duì)“Quite a different problem”的補(bǔ)充說明。One代替上文提到的“problem”

　　參考譯文：一個(gè)截然不同但卻越來越引起人們關(guān)注的問題是：計(jì)算機(jī)可能會(huì)侵犯人們的隱私。

　　Exercise

　　Our forefather had no idea that human population would increase faster than the supplies of raw materials; most of them, even until very recently, had the foolish idea that the treasures were “l(fā)imitless” and “inexhaustible”

　　But one thing is certain: information and knowledge will become even more vital, and the people who possess it, whether they work in manufacturing or services, will have the advantage and produce the wealth.

　　They appear to do everything in a rush, with an eye on the clock, as if they had a short time to live.

　　要點(diǎn)分析和參考譯文

　　要點(diǎn)：分號(hào)前后為兩個(gè)并列句。在第二個(gè)分句中，even until very recently 時(shí)間狀語插入在主語 most of them和謂語had之間。Them指代前一句的forefathers.

　　參考譯文：我們前輩不知道人口會(huì)比原材料供應(yīng)增長得要快；甚至到最近以前大多數(shù)人還錯(cuò)誤得認(rèn)為自然資源是無限的，永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)消耗盡。

　　要點(diǎn)：并列句and 之后的主語 the people和謂語will have之間插入whether引導(dǎo)的狀語從句。

　　參考譯文：可是有一點(diǎn)是肯定的：信息和知識(shí)將變得更加重要。擁有信息和知識(shí)的人無論是在生產(chǎn)行業(yè)還是在服務(wù)行業(yè)工作，都會(huì)有優(yōu)勢并能創(chuàng)造財(cái)富。

　　要點(diǎn)：介詞短語“with an eye on the clock”為插入語，在句子中做狀語�！癮s if”引出方式狀語從句，謂語動(dòng)詞是虛擬語氣。

　　參考譯文：他們看上去做每件事都匆匆忙忙，眼睛盯著時(shí)鐘，仿佛他們的有生之年極其短暫似的。

　　Exercise

　　Ideally then, a school system should be one in which the love of learning, rather than the acquisition of facts , is cultivated.

　　Still, he could not help thinking that if anything should happen, the nearest person he could contact by radio, unless there was a ship nearby , would be on an island 885 miles away.

　　Yet this other life has its interests, its enjoyments, its satisfaction, and , at certain rare intervals, a peaceful glow or a sudden excitement.

　　要點(diǎn)分析和參考譯文

　　要點(diǎn)：one 后面有一個(gè)in which 引導(dǎo)得定語從句，其中rather than the acquisition of facts是插入語，可以看成是主語the love of learning的并列成分

　　參考譯文：因此，理想的教育制度應(yīng)該是培養(yǎng)學(xué)生酷愛學(xué)習(xí)，而不是獲得實(shí)際的東西

　　要點(diǎn)：虛擬條件句“if anything ……885 miles away.”是thinking的賓語從句，作thinking的賓語。在這個(gè)虛擬條件句的主句中，主語和謂語之間插入了一個(gè)條件狀語從句“unless there was a ship nearby”，使得主謂分離。

　　參考譯文：他仍禁不住尋思起來，要是果發(fā)生什么意外，如果附近連一條船也沒有，他用無線電能聯(lián)系上得最近得人遠(yuǎn)在885英里以外得島上。

　　要點(diǎn)：句中 interests, enjoyments, satisfaction, glow和excitement共五哥并列成分，皆作賓語。 At certain rare intervals為插入語，意為“間或，偶爾”。

　　參考譯文：然而這另一種生活也有它的趣味，歡樂和滿足，并間或有一種寧靜得喜悅或一陣突發(fā)得激動(dòng)。