第一節(jié)

　　13. Brain Drain

　　Brain drain is a delicate problem with which this country is confronted. In the last ten years

　　or so, a lot of scientists and technicians have swarmed into developed countries for further studies or research work, let alone numerous promising students. And there are no indications that they will be back home before long. This country has paid the expenses of training them but lost them. How did that come about?

　　It seems that it isn't impossible to solve the problem. The scientists and the like can be

　　attracted back home so long as great importance is attached to the intellectual's deserving treatment and effective measures are taken to provide them with excellent pay and agreeable conditions.

　　注：so long as 只要; great importance is attached to... 重視

　　effective measures 有效措施

　　14. Treasure Water

　　The availability of water has been an important factor in China's growth. China is blessed

　　with large supplies of fresh water. Such mighty rivers as the Yellow, the Yangtse and the Songhua irrigate the farming land of thousands of miles along them. In addition, the development of industry and the water supply of big cities are made possible largely by vast resources.

　　注：Treasure v 珍惜.

　　15. How to Solve Energy Crisis

　　Man is faced with a big problem—the energy crisis, which is becoming more and more

　　serious. First, with the increase in the world's population, the demand for fuels is growing steadily. Second, the rapid development of industry and agriculture calls for an increasing amount of coal, oil and natural gas.

　　注：energy 能源;crisis 危機(jī)

　　1、面臨

　　2、解決

　　Confronted with the energy crisis, we should take a series of effective measures to save

　　energy. For one thing, it is high time that people all over the world realized the severe fact that our natural resources have been fixed since the earth was created. For another, the governments of all countries are supposed to lay down the rules and regulations to restrict the amount of gas used by cars. Finally, scientific researches should be encouraged to work out efficient methods of saving fuels and to seek new sources of energy.

　　Personally, I believe that solar energy is a possible source of clean, inexpensive and abundant

　　energy. It does not pollute the environment and costs only as much as the installation of solar panels to absorb the sun's rays. Consequently. I'm confident that a bright future is awaiting us because solar energy will be able to help us to solve the energy crisis.

　　注：personally 就我個(gè)人而言;solar 太陽(yáng)能

　　17. Physical Exercise

　　More and more people today are realizing the importance of regular physical exercise. In the

　　past, most people were involved in manual labour out in the fresh air of the fields. Nowadays a lot of people work in offices, spending most of their time indoors. In the evenings they usually sit watching TV or reading newspapers. Their daily lives don't provide them with the exercise needed to keep them healthy. Therefore, they must devote part of their time to doing regular physical exercise.

　　注：兩點(diǎn)提綱：

　　1、重要

　　2、方法

　　18. Information in the Modern Society

　　n the modern society, it is important to be well-informed. Success in many fields depends on

　　getting the latest information. At the same time, failure in policy-making often results from the lack of necessary information. That is why we call the current age“the Information Age”.

　　There are many means of acquiring information which enable us to keep up with the step of social development. First, we read various books, newspapers ...

　　注：surf 沖浪

　　16. Fire Accidents in Big Cities

　　In recent years there has been a marked growth of fire accidents in big cities of our country.

　　Almost every day we see fire engines rushing through streets. Fires have not only resulted in heavy economic losses but also injured and killed many people.

　　What are the causes of fire accidents? Most of the fires are brought about by carelessness and violation of fire safety regulations. Others are due to the poor quality of home electrical appliances. ...

　　In my opinion, in order to prevent fires we should first of all foster people's sense of fire

　　prevention. The second thing we have to do is to increase the number of professional fire fighters, to whom regular training courses should be offered. Finally, we are to improve the existing fire engines and add more fire facilities to high-rise buildings. In this way, a reliable fire prevention system will be formed.

　　注：foster 培養(yǎng);enhance 提高

　　How I Finance My College Education

　　After I came into the college, there is a question how I finance my college education.

　　There are many way to solve the tuition and fees of college education. The most usual way is use the family's money. Most of the students get money from their parents. If someone's family situation is not well he can apply for loan to bank.

　　The government will help the students like this. Other way is find a job through school's help. Of course we still put study in the first place. ...

　　注：finance n 金融

　　v 提供資金

　　第二節(jié)

　　How I Finance My College Education

　　After I came into the college, there is a question how I finance my college education.

　　There are many way to solve the tuition and fees of college education. The most usual way is use the family's money. Most of the students get money from their parents. If someone's family situation is not well he can apply for loan to bank.

　　The government will help the students like this. Other way is find a job through school's help. Of course we still put study in the first place. ...

　　注：finance n 金融

　　v 提供資金

　　How I Finance My College Education

　　Nowadays, tuition and fees for college are much higher than ever before. How to finance

　　your college education has become a matter of concern for many. You can deal with in many ways. You can get all of the money from your parents. You can apply for a loan especially set up for college students. You can also acquire the money completely by yourself, doing a full-time job in summer or winter holiday. In addition, you can ask your parents for most of it and earn the rest in your spare time in college, by doing a part time job.

　　注：get all of 得到;alpply for 申請(qǐng);loan 貸款;acquire 得到

　　Part-time Jobs for College Students

　　There are some controversies on part-time jobs for college students. People who are against it

　　hold that the sole purpose of higher education is for the students to acquire knowledge. If they are engaged in part-time job they will be invariably distracted from their studies and as a result they can not fulfil the requirements mapped out by the State Education Commission. The writer, however, thinks that there are several advantages for college students involved in part-time jobs.

　　Firstly, part-time jobs provide opportunities for students to contact society so as to know the

　　situation of the talent market. For instance, if a student works as a part-time governess, he or she will know what kind of professionals are urgently needed by the market and this will help him to choose a future job. Secondly, there are some financial gains from part-time jobs. Since the reform was carried out, institutions of higher education have started to collect tuition fees from students. Needless to say this means another financial burden on parents. And part-time jobs can serve as a partial solution to this problem. Last but not least, part-time jobs can cultivate students' sense of independence.

　　(三)永恒話題

　　1997年1月

　　For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Haste Makes Waste. You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below.

　　1. 為什么“欲速則不達(dá)”?

　　2. 舉例說(shuō)明。

　　注：不勞無(wú)獲 No pains，No gains.

　　熟能生巧 Practice makes perfect.

　　有志者，事竟成。Where is a will,where is a way.

　　Pride goes before failure. 驕必?cái)?

　　1、解釋

　　2、舉例

　　3、總結(jié)

　　detail 細(xì)節(jié)

　　be patient 有耐心

　　To pull a young plant up what，and help it grow.

　　拔苗助長(zhǎng)

　　The Chinese people were so eager to develop their economy,that they took some wrong measures.

　　10. Haste Makes Waste

　　By “Haste makes waste” is meant that one should do everything step by step. Even simple

　　operations can easily be spoiled if we rush to complete them, neglecting important stages in the process. One should make full preparations before beginning any task.

　　注：operation 事情，手術(shù)，操作

　　spoil 破壞

　　neglect 忽視，忽略

　　正反對(duì)比法

　　With a strong will, one can over come nearly all difficulties.On the contrary,Without a strong will, one can be easily defected by his failures.

　　make use of 利用

　　第三節(jié)

　　10. Haste Makes Waste

　　By “Haste makes waste” is meant that one should do everything step by step. Even simple

　　operations can easily be spoiled if we rush to complete them, neglecting important stages in the process. One should make full preparations before beginning any task.

　　注：operation 事情，手術(shù)，操作

　　spoil 破壞

　　neglect 忽視，忽略

　　正反對(duì)比法

　　With a strong will, one can over come nearly all difficulties.On the contrary,Without a strong will, one can be easily defected by his failures.

　　make use of 利用

　　Take English study for example. Without a good command of pronunciation, we can never

　　hope to speak in an understandable way. Similarly, if we do not learn to spell properly and to acquire a basic grasp of grammar, we will never succeed in writing good compositions.

　　注：command 掌握;similarly 同樣道理

　　In short, laying a solid foundation is essential if we want to make achievements in our studies

　　or work, or indeed in any other aspect of our lives. At every step, review what has been achieved and assess the problems ahead before moving to the next step. And remember, Rome was not built in a day.

　　注：in short 總而言之

　　laying a solid foundation 打下堅(jiān)實(shí)基礎(chǔ)

　　modesty 謙虛

　　review 復(fù)習(xí)，回顧;assess 估計(jì)

　　(四)圖表題

　　1996年6月

　　The suggested title is:Car Accidents Declining in Walton City.

　　注：圖表題一定不要大量機(jī)械的羅列數(shù)據(jù)，而要挖掘內(nèi)涵。

　　From the graph，we can see that...

　　According to the graph...

　　第四節(jié)

　　(四)圖表題

　　1996年6月

　　The suggested title is:Car Accidents Declining in Walton City.

　　注：圖表題一定不要大量機(jī)械的羅列數(shù)據(jù)，而要挖掘內(nèi)涵。

　　From the graph，we can see that...

　　According to the graph...

　　19. Car Accidents Declining in Walton City

　　According to the graph, the rise and fall of the rate of car accidents in Walton City varies with

　　the seasons. From January to March last year it increased by 45%, from March to June it dropped by about half the previous rate; and from June to August there was a steep rise of 50%. After that, however, there was a steady decrease, and this makes us optimistic that car accidents are declining in Walton City.

　　注：rise 升;fall 降;drop 掉下來(lái);decline 下降;soar v 大幅度上升

　　rocket v 大幅度上升;previous 以前的，前面的;steep 大幅度的(相當(dāng)于sharp)

　　steady 穩(wěn)定的，逐步的;At the same time 同時(shí)

　　圖表題的寫作思路：

　　1、描述變化

　　2、說(shuō)明原因

　　3、總結(jié)