Born on a cold night in the chapel of a small Austrian village, Silent Night, the world’s most famous Christmas carol, is celebrating its 190th anniversary.
　　The song, known as Stille Nacht in the original German, was first performed on December 24, 1818, in the tiny hamlet of Oberndorf, as a local assistant priest, Joseph Mohr, sought to comfort his flock, racked by poverty and misery in the aftermath of the Napoleonic Wars.
　　"He asked his friend Franz Xaver Gruber, a teacher, to compose the music for six verses he had written two years prior, and they performed the song together at mass with the help of a simple guitar," says Renate Ebeling-Winkler, a historian and expert on the topic.
　　The song was an immediate success but remained a secret for many years, until an organ delivery man from Tyrol took note of it on his way through the village.
　　It soon became a favorite with Tyrolean singers, traveling up and down the continent in the winter to earn money.
　　"Admired for its resistance to Napoleon, Tyrol was very popular with allied countries and its best singers, like the Rainer family, were world stars," said Ebeling-Winkler.
　　These artists gave Silent Night worldwide fame, performing it at the royal court in London in 1827, in Moscow in 1831 and in New York in 1839.
　　By this time, its origins had been largely forgotten and Mohr died in 1848 without ever knowing of his song’s success.
　　Franz Xaver Gruber only found out about it in 1854 when the carol was almost attributed to Michael Haydn, the brother of famed composer Joseph Haydn.
　　But Silent Night had already made its way into German school books and into the Catholic and Protestant churches.
　　Often seen as the quintessential Christmas carol, it has been translated into more than 330 languages, bridging social, religious and cultural divides and contributing to a brief truce in the trenches of World War I on Christmas Eve IN 1914.
　　Every year, thousands of tourists, many from Asia, travel to the little village to take part in a Christmas Eve ceremony in front of the small chapel.
　　This year, 190 years after the first performance, the Silent Night ceremony will again be held in the afternoon, and broadcast live on the Internet.
　　世界最著名的圣誕歌曲《平安夜》（Silent Night 歌詞）日前迎來(lái)其190歲的生日。這首歌在一個(gè)寒冷的夜晚誕生于奧地利一個(gè)小村莊的教堂。
　　《平安夜》原名是德文的Stille Nacht，這首歌于1818年12月24日在（奧地利的）歐本朵夫小村莊首度被演唱，當(dāng)時(shí)教堂助理牧師穆?tīng)栍眠@首歌來(lái)?yè)嵛吭谀闷苼鰬?zhàn)爭(zhēng)后飽受貧窮和悲慘生活之苦的信眾們。
　　研究這一問(wèn)題的專家、歷史學(xué)家里內(nèi)特•艾柏林-溫克勒說(shuō)：“當(dāng)時(shí)穆?tīng)栕屗�的朋��、弗蘭茲•艾克塞瓦•格魯伯老師為他兩年前所寫的六段詩(shī)文譜曲，之后大家在做彌撒時(shí)一起練唱了這首歌，不過(guò)當(dāng)時(shí)只有吉他伴奏。”
　　這首歌一舉成功，但很多年來(lái)一直不為外界所知，直到一名從提洛爾來(lái)送管風(fēng)琴的人路過(guò)村莊時(shí)，才注意到了這首歌。
　　這首歌很快成為提洛爾賣藝者們的最愛(ài)，這些賣藝者在冬天常奔忙于歐洲各地演唱賺錢。
　　艾柏林-溫克勒說(shuō)：“提洛爾因抵御拿破侖的侵略而受到尊敬，在同盟國(guó)享有較高聲望，而當(dāng)?shù)氐囊恍╉敿?jí)歌手如Rainer家族，則是世界級(jí)的歌星。”
　　正是這些藝人讓《平安夜》成為享譽(yù)全球的經(jīng)典歌曲，他們分別于1827年、1831年和1839年前往英國(guó)倫敦的王室、莫斯科和紐約演出。
　　直到那個(gè)時(shí)候，這首歌的始創(chuàng)人已幾乎被遺忘，穆?tīng)栍?848年去世，死前他都不知道他的作品獲得了如此成功。
　　弗蘭茲•艾克塞瓦•格魯伯也是到了1854年才為人所知，當(dāng)時(shí)這首歌差點(diǎn)被認(rèn)為是著名作曲家約瑟夫•海頓的弟弟邁克爾•海頓所創(chuàng)作。
　　但此時(shí)《平安夜》已經(jīng)進(jìn)入了德國(guó)學(xué)校的課本，并且已開(kāi)始在天主教和基督教教堂中傳唱。
　　《平安夜》一直被視為圣誕經(jīng)典歌曲，并已被翻譯成330多種語(yǔ)言。這首歌消除了社會(huì)、宗教以及文化的分歧，在1914年“一戰(zhàn)”的圣誕節(jié)前夜，一首《平安夜》平息了戰(zhàn)壕中的戰(zhàn)火，交戰(zhàn)雙方達(dá)成圣誕臨時(shí)休戰(zhàn)協(xié)定。
　　每年圣誕節(jié)，都會(huì)有大批游客（很多來(lái)自亞洲）來(lái)到歐本朵夫村莊，參加在教堂前舉行的平安夜吟唱儀式。
　　今年是《平安夜》誕生190周年，今年的“平安夜”吟唱儀式還將于下午舉行，同時(shí)在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上直播。

　　Lyrics
　　Silent night, holy night
　　All is calm, all is bright
　　Round your Virgin Mother and Child
　　Holy Infant so tender and mild
　　Sleep in heavenly peace
　　Sleep in heavenly peace
　　Silent night, holy night
　　Son of God, love's pure light
　　Radiant beams from Thy holy face
　　With the dawn of redeeming grace
　　Christ, the Saviour is born
　　Christ, the Saviour is born
　　(Silent night, Holy night
　　Shepherds quake at the sight
　　Glories stream from Heaven afar
　　Heavenly hosts sing Hallelujah
　　Christ, the Savior is born
　　Christ, the Savior is born)