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09年10月自考英語(yǔ)(一)串講筆記(unit22)

作者:   發(fā)布時(shí)間:2009-08-12 11:15:39  來(lái)源:
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  Text A Current Attitudes toward Physical Fitness
  一、New Words
  1.前綴單詞
  1)misuse(vt.) 1.誤用,濫用;2.苛待,虐待
 �。╪.)  誤用,濫用
  2)reexamine(vt.) 1.再考,復(fù)試;2.再調(diào)查,再審查
  2.后綴單詞
  1)fitness(n.) 1.適合,恰當(dāng),合理;2.健康
  2)involvement(n.) 1.卷入,牽連(in);2.牽連到的事,復(fù)雜情況
  3)limitation(n.) 1.限制;2.限度,局限
  4)locker(n.)�。ü矆�(chǎng)所供個(gè)人存放衣物用的)帶鎖的小柜 
  5)commitment(n.) 承擔(dān)的責(zé)任或義務(wù),承諾
  6)accomplishment(n.) 1.完成;2.成就;3.[pl.]造詣,技能
  同義詞:achievement
  7)positively(ad.) 1.確定地,明確地;2.積極地,肯定地
  3.合成詞
  1)time-consuming(a.) 耗費(fèi)時(shí)間的
  2)shortsighted(a.) 1.近視的;2.目光短淺的;
  反義詞:longsighted 有遠(yuǎn)見(jiàn)的
  4.特殊記憶
  1)recreation(n.) 1.消遣,娛樂(lè),娛樂(lè)活動(dòng);2.(身心)修養(yǎng)
  5.核心單詞
  1)assure(n.) 1.使確信,使放心(of);2.向…保證(of)
  句式結(jié)構(gòu):assure sb of;assure sb that
  For example 1:I assure you of passing the exam. 我保證你能通過(guò)考試。
  For example 2:He assured his wife that he would make much money to live a happy life with her. 向他的妻子保證說(shuō),他會(huì)掙很多錢(qián),同她一起過(guò)幸福的生活。
  2)priority(n.) 1.優(yōu)先,重點(diǎn),優(yōu)先權(quán);2.優(yōu)先考慮的事
  For example:At present study is my priority. 目前學(xué)習(xí)是我的重點(diǎn)。
  3)schedule(n.) 時(shí)間表,日程安排表,即 timetable
 �。╲t.) 安排,排定;同義詞 arrange
  For example:The plane is scheduled to take off at four p.m…… 這架飛機(jī)定于下午四點(diǎn)起飛。
  4)facility(n.) 1.[常pl.]設(shè)備,設(shè)施;2.便利,容易;
  同義詞:equipment(沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式,表示一套設(shè)備)
  5)career(n.) 1.生涯,經(jīng)歷;2.職業(yè),事業(yè)
  加“er”不一定是人。如“cooker 炊具、typewriter 打字機(jī)”
  6)comment(n.) 1.評(píng)論;2.評(píng)注;搭配 make comments on/upon:對(duì)……做出評(píng)論/評(píng)注
 �。╲i.) 1.評(píng)論;2.注釋?zhuān)淮钆?comment on/upon:意思是評(píng)論……
  For example:He is reluctant to make any comments on the matter. 他不愿意對(duì)這件事做出任何評(píng)論。
  7)maintain(vt.) 1.維持,保持;2.維修,保養(yǎng)
 �、� The monitor maintains the order of the class when the teacher is absent.
  當(dāng)老師不在的時(shí)候,班長(zhǎng)就維持課堂秩序。
  當(dāng) maintain 表示“保持”的時(shí)候,用作系動(dòng)詞
  e.g. maintain silent 保持沉默
  e.g. maintain quiet 保持安靜
 �、� His task is to maintain the highway. 他的任務(wù)是維修公路。
  8)approach(vt.) 1.靠近,接近;come near 2.探討,處理(問(wèn)題)deal with
 �。╪.) 1.接近;2.途徑,方法
 �、� As you approach the town, the first building you can see is the school.
  接近那座城鎮(zhèn)的時(shí)候,首先看到的是那所學(xué)校。
 �、� He tried everything to approach the difficult problem.
  他想盡一切方法來(lái)處理這個(gè)難題。
 �、� The scientists haven't found a correct approach to the disease.
  科學(xué)家們尚未找到治療這一疾病的正確方法。
  二、Text A
  Current Attitudes toward Physical Fitness(當(dāng)前人們對(duì)待健身的種種態(tài)度)
  注意:
  1.current 意思是目前的,當(dāng)前的;
  2.Attitudes 意思是態(tài)度。表示“對(duì)于……的態(tài)度”時(shí),后面一般加“to 或 toward”;
  3.Physical Fitness 意思是健身。
  physical exercise 鍛煉身體
  Recently we were told by a student that setting aside time for improving his physical fitness would be a total misuse of his working hours.
  譯:最近,有個(gè)學(xué)生告訴我們說(shuō),分出一部分時(shí)間去提高身體健康的水平,純粹是擠占了他的學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間。
  1.to set aside 1.留出,撥出;2.忽視,不顧;
  同義詞:ignore
 �、� He set aside half an hour to let us ask questions. 他留出了半小時(shí)的時(shí)間讓我們問(wèn)一些問(wèn)題。
 �、� On this problem, we should set aside our personal feelings. 在這個(gè)問(wèn)題上,我們應(yīng)該拋開(kāi)個(gè)人情緒。
  He assured us that he would be no better served by a fitness program than by learning to play bridge.
  譯:他想讓我相信,讓他參加健身培訓(xùn)班和讓他學(xué)打橋牌同樣都是對(duì)他沒(méi)有好處的。
  2.assure sb that/of 意思是讓某人相信…、向某人做出承諾…。
  3.no better than 不比…好(多少);幾乎等于。
  e.g.:His composition is no better than mine. 他的作文并不比我的好多少。
  no more than 不比…多;僅僅;同…一樣(都不多)
  no less than 不比…少;不亞于;同…一樣(都不少)
  no longer than 不再
  e.g.:(1)I could no more work out the difficult problem than you. 我和你一樣解決不了那道難題。
 �。�2)She is no less active than she used to be. 她和過(guò)去一樣活躍。
 �。�3)China today is no longer than China of the past. 今天的中國(guó)不再是從前的中國(guó)了。
  College and his preparation for a career were his only priorities. 他把上大學(xué)和準(zhǔn)備干一番事業(yè)擺在了比一切都重要的位置。
  4.prepare for 為了…做準(zhǔn)備
  preparation for 為了…做準(zhǔn)備:使用其的時(shí)候:
  第一、其后面通常用復(fù)數(shù)形式;
  第二、當(dāng) preparation 前面需要用動(dòng)詞的時(shí)候,這個(gè)動(dòng)詞一般用 make
  e.g. He thinks that receiving education is the very important preparations for the future life.
  他認(rèn)為受教育是為未來(lái)的生活所做的非常重要的準(zhǔn)備。
  This student has seen being physically fit as an end rather than the means we know it to be. His opinion is one of the many feelings, pro or con, that people hold about their personal involvement in a physical fitness program.
  譯:這個(gè)學(xué)生把擁有健康的身體看作是最終目標(biāo),而不像我們那樣把身體健康當(dāng)作工作學(xué)習(xí)的一種手段或工具。許多參加健身培訓(xùn)班的人都有著各種不同的感受,有的說(shuō)好有的說(shuō)壞,這位學(xué)生的意見(jiàn)是各種感受之一。
  5.see … as … 相當(dāng)于 regard … as:把……看成……。
  6.pro or con 1.正面或反面的理由;2.贊成或反對(duì)
  For example:On the subject of emotion, many writers have written many books pro or con. 關(guān)于感情這個(gè)主題,許多作家已寫(xiě)了許多或贊成或反對(duì)的書(shū)。
  7.involvement in 介入,參與
  For example:The involvement in politics is usually regarded as a good way of promotion. 參與政治通常被認(rèn)為是一種提拔/升的好方法。
  Many people, including college students of all ages, spend little time in pursuit of physical fitness.
  很多人,包括各種年齡的大學(xué)生,幾乎不花時(shí)間去追求身體健康。
  including 是介詞
  8.短語(yǔ):in pursuit of 追求,尋求;同義詞 be after/seek
  For example:I will be in pursuit of my happiness with all my efforts. 我將盡全力追求我的幸福。
  Certainly some of these individuals may have physical limitations that make activity extremely difficult, and others are engaged in time-consuming activities that until finished do not permit opportunities for recreation.
  譯:當(dāng)然,這些人中有些因?yàn)槭艿缴砩系南拗埔灾聟⒓踊顒?dòng)極為困難,還有些人從事著耗費(fèi)時(shí)間的事務(wù)活動(dòng),以致只能等到忙完了這些事務(wù)才有可能去參加消遣活動(dòng)鍛煉鍛煉。
  9.be engaged in/engage in 忙于;從事;參加
  engaged(a.)從事…的
  For example 1:He has been engaged in teaching for many years. 他已經(jīng)執(zhí)教數(shù)年了。
  For example 2:At college he often engaged in sports. 在大學(xué)時(shí),他經(jīng)常參加一些運(yùn)動(dòng)。
  However, what about the majority who could do much more but do so little? Does one of the following statements sound like you?
  譯:但是,大多數(shù)人,本來(lái)可以多參加些鍛煉活動(dòng),可是實(shí)際上卻參加得很少。這些人又怎么樣呢?下面這些論調(diào)中有哪一種聽(tīng)起來(lái)像是你說(shuō)的呢?
  “I know it's important, but I just don't have time right now.”
  譯:“我倒是知道身體健康很重要,不過(guò)我現(xiàn)在就是沒(méi)有時(shí)間�!�
  “I'm already fit, and with my schedule, I'll have no difficulty staying that way.”
  譯:“我的身體已經(jīng)很健康了,雖然我的時(shí)間表安排得很緊,但我要保持現(xiàn)在的健康還是沒(méi)問(wèn)題的�!�
  10.have(no)difficulties(in)doing sth. 做某事有(無(wú))困難
  For example:I have some difficulties(in)passing five courses one time. 一次通過(guò)五門(mén)功課對(duì)于我來(lái)說(shuō)是有些困難的。
  “I should do more than I do, but I just don't have facilities and I don't get much support from others.”
  譯:“我本來(lái)應(yīng)該比我現(xiàn)在參加鍛煉的次數(shù)更多一些,可是我沒(méi)有那些健身設(shè)備,也沒(méi)有別人對(duì)我多加支持�!�
  “Exercise makes me feel terrible. Even when I shower, I get to my next class wet, and probably smelling like a locker room.”
  譯:“鍛煉使我覺(jué)得很不愉快。甚至淋浴以后趕到下一堂的課室中身上還是濕淋淋的,也許會(huì)讓人聞到我身上的汗腥味好像是在更衣室里一樣臭�!�
  Unlike these people who have made no commitment to fitness, you may have made a commitment to a physical fitness program that might be rather narrow in scope. If one of the following comments fits you, perhaps you are failing to see the broader values of maintaining a high level of physical fitness.
  譯:跟這些沒(méi)有參加健身活動(dòng)的人不同,你可能已經(jīng)參加了健身培訓(xùn)班,但是這個(gè)培訓(xùn)班的培訓(xùn)范圍可能相當(dāng)狹窄。如果下列這些說(shuō)法中有一種正適合你的情況,那也許你還不懂參加高水平的健身活動(dòng)會(huì)對(duì)你有更大的價(jià)值。
  11.短語(yǔ):make commitment to 承諾/獻(xiàn)身于/投入;commitment on:對(duì)于…、關(guān)于…
 �、� He made a commitment to his parents living with them after retirement.
  他對(duì)父母做出了一個(gè)承諾,退休后同他們一起生活。
 �、� If you make no commitment to your work, you will get nothing.
  如果你沒(méi)有投入到工作中,你將會(huì)一無(wú)所獲。
  “Everyone in the dorm runs at night. That's why I run.”
  譯:“我們宿舍里大家晚上都在跑步。所以我也跑步�!�
  “For every 3,500 calories I can 'burn' during exercise, I'll lose a pound of fat. I have only 10 pounds more to drop before Christmas.”
  譯:“在鍛煉期間,我每'燒'掉3500卡路里,我就減少了一磅脂肪。在圣誕節(jié)前我還要再減掉10磅重的脂肪。”
  drop:lose 去掉
  “This weekend will be cool and nice. Saturday looks like a good day for a personal record.”
  譯:“這個(gè)周末天氣將會(huì)又涼快又舒適。星期六看起來(lái)像是個(gè)創(chuàng)造個(gè)人記錄的好日子�!�
  “Some would say I have a fear of death. Heck, I just want to live a long time.”
  “有人會(huì)說(shuō)我怕死。見(jiàn)鬼去吧。我只是想長(zhǎng)壽�!�
  If you see your own attitude represented by one of these comments, might you be shortsighted in your reason for valuing fitness? We would suggest that you reexamine your approach to fitness and its ability to positively influence other aspects of your life.
  譯:如果你覺(jué)得上面的說(shuō)法之一正是代表了你自己的態(tài)度,也許你參加健身運(yùn)動(dòng)的理由會(huì)有點(diǎn)兒目光短淺吧?我們建議您重新檢查一下您對(duì)待健康的態(tài)度、重新檢查一下身體健康對(duì)您生活的其它一些方面能有哪些好的影響。
  13.短語(yǔ)1:reason for … 的原因(理由等)
 �、� Her reason for leaving home is poor grade. 她離家的原因是她糟糕的成績(jī)
 �、� That heavy rain is the reason for the flood. 這場(chǎng)水災(zāi)是那場(chǎng)大雨引起的。
  14.短語(yǔ)2:approach to 對(duì)于…的態(tài)度(方法等);
  同義表達(dá):attitude to/toward
  For example:His approach to this problem is very clear. 他對(duì)這個(gè)問(wèn)題的態(tài)度是非常明確的。
  Ask yourself, “What could I achieve if I were really in top physical condition?” Because fitness levels are easily observed and can be measured, you can quickly start to see the emerging person you are capable of becoming. Almost daily you can see progress and accomplishment.
  捫心自問(wèn):“倘若我的身體真的達(dá)到了最棒的狀態(tài),那么我能取得什么成就呢”?因?yàn)樯眢w健康的水平是很容易觀(guān)察到的、也能測(cè)出來(lái),那么你很快就能看出來(lái),你能夠成為一個(gè)脫穎而出的人。幾乎每天你都能看到你的進(jìn)步和成就。
  emerging 脫穎而出的
  Keep in mind, however, that all people are different and some may progress faster than others. In the final analysis, we think that although fitness will not guarantee that you will live longer, it can help you enjoy the years you do live.
  但要記住,所有的人都是不同的,有些人可能比另外一些人進(jìn)行得快一些。歸根結(jié)底,雖然健康的體魄不會(huì)保證你一定會(huì)延長(zhǎng)壽命,但是健康的體魄有助于你享受有生之年的歡樂(lè)。
  15.keep/bear…in mind 記住
  For example:You must keep/bear what your father said in mind. 你必須記住你父親的話(huà)。
  Progress 在這里是動(dòng)詞,表示“取得進(jìn)步”
  16.in the final/last analysis 用在段落或文章最后,用來(lái)總結(jié),表示“歸根結(jié)底”
  For example: In the final analysis, business is business. 歸根結(jié)底,公事公辦。
  三、Vocabulary Exercises
 �、�。For each sentence, fill in the blank with the proper form of the words given at the beginning. Please pay attention to the part of speech of each word.
  1. misuse(v./n.)濫用、誤用、虐待;
  use(n./v.)使用、運(yùn)用;
  useful(a.)有用的;
  useless(a.)無(wú)用的;
  a. We should not misuse our natural resources.
  b. This expression has been actually used in modern Chinese literature.
  c. A TV station is absolutely useless without electricity.
  d. The book is particularly useful for foreign students.
  2. involve(v.)牽扯,涉及,影響
  involvement(n.)牽扯、涉及
  involved(a.)牽扯到的;不易懂的 complicated
  a. All the workers are/were involved in the strike.
  b. His involvement in the dispute led to many troubles.
  c. None of the students can analyze that involved sentence.
  d. The task involved much difficulty.
  3. commit(v.)使承擔(dān)、使保證;
  commitment(n.)承擔(dān)的義務(wù)、責(zé)任、承諾
  a. We can meet our present commitment in less time and with fewer men.
  b. He committed himself to the cause of revolution.
  c. We have made a commitment to pay our bill on time.
  4. accomplish(v.)完成;
  accomplished(a.)完成了的;有才藝的;
  accomplishment(n.)成就
  a. The young lady is a brilliantly accomplished singer.
  b. We tried to settle the dispute but accomplished nothing.
  c. It was a real accomplishment to carry out the railway project in a month.
  Ⅱ。Fill in the following blank with the words listed below in their proper forms.
  Fitness  assure  pursuit  schedule  time-consuming
  Comment  shortsighted     aspect   emerge  scope
  1. What the editorial said on this subject was beyond the scope of my understanding.
  2. To kill the hen to get the eggs is shortsighted.
  3. The police car raced through the streets in pursuit of another car.
  4. The doctor assured us of the safety of the operation.
  5. Many facts emerged as a result of the investigation.
  6. To calculate the cost of building a new laboratory is time-consuming.
  7. Fitness programs are becoming more and more popular in China.
  8. HHave you any comments to make on my book A Complete Collection of Chinese Proverbs?
  9. The strike will begin on schedule.
  10. The experts studied every aspect of the subject.
  Text B People and Colors
  一、New Words
  1.前綴單詞
  1)refreshing(a.)使精力恢復(fù)的,使人清爽的
  2)react(vi.)1.反應(yīng),起作用;2.起反作用(against)
  2.后綴單詞
  1)society(n.)社會(huì);social(a.)社會(huì)的;
  sociable(a.)1.好交際的;2.友善的
  2)energetic(a.)有力的,精力旺盛的;energy(n.)精力,精神
  3)cheerful(a.)快樂(lè)的,高興的
  4)happiness(n.)1.幸福;2.愉快
  5)unhappiness(n.)1.不幸福,不快樂(lè);2.不幸,不祥
  6)darkness(n.)1.黑暗;2.晦暗
  7)loneliness(n.)孤獨(dú),寂寞
  lonely(a.)孤獨(dú)的,寂寞的;alone(a.)獨(dú)自一人的
  For example:Although I am alone, I am not lonely. 雖然我獨(dú)身一人,但是我從不寂寞。
  8)manufacture(vt.)制造,加工
 �。╪.)1.制造,制造業(yè);2.產(chǎn)品
  manufacturer(n.)制造商,廠(chǎng)商
  9)dignified(a.)可敬的,高貴的
  10)generalize(vt.)1.歸納,概括出,從…引出一般結(jié)論;2.推廣
  3.合成詞
  1)businessman(n.)商人
  4.含有顏色的單詞
  1)violet(n.)1.紫羅蘭;2.紫羅蘭色;
 �。╝.)紫羅蘭色的
  2)purple(n.)紫色,紫紅色;
  (a.)紫色的
  3)pink(a.)粉紅色的,桃紅色的;
 �。╪.)粉紅色,桃紅色
  5.表示節(jié)假日的單詞
  1)Valentine's Day(= Saint Valentine's Day)(n.)情人節(jié)(2月14日)
  2)Halloween(n.)(西方風(fēng)俗)萬(wàn)圣節(jié)前夕(指10月31日,這一夜兒童可縱情玩鬧)
  3)Thanksgiving Day(n.)感恩節(jié)(美國(guó)加拿大的例假日,在美國(guó)是11月的第四個(gè)星期四,在加拿大是10月的第二個(gè)星期一)
  4)Easter Sunday(= Easter Day, Easter)(n.)復(fù)活節(jié)(在3月20日或該日后月圓以后第一個(gè)星期日)
  6.表示軍隊(duì)
  navy(n.)海軍;army 陸軍;air force 空軍
  7.需要注意的單詞
  1)caution(n.)1.小心,謹(jǐn)慎;2.告誡,警告;
 �。╲t.)告誡,警告
  同義詞:warn (v.);warning(n.)
  warn sb not to do sth 警告某人不要做某事
  caution sb not to do sth 警告某人不要做某事
  For example:The teacher cautioned the student not to cheat on exams. 老師警告那個(gè)學(xué)生以后考試不要作弊。
  2)manufacture(vt.)制造,加工;
 �。╪.)1.制造,制造業(yè);2.產(chǎn)品
  同義詞:make;produce
  3)generalize(vt.)1.歸納,概括出,從…引出一般結(jié)論;2.推廣
  For example:After reading, you should generalize the main idea of this article. 讀過(guò)之后,你應(yīng)當(dāng)概括一下這篇文章的大意。
  8.Phrases Expressions
  to remind … of 使 … 想起 …
  For example:The song reminds me of my childhood. 這首歌讓我想起了我的童年。
  to react to 1.對(duì)…做出反應(yīng);2.因受影響而改變行動(dòng)
  For example:He immediately reacted to the matter. 他很快就對(duì)那個(gè)問(wèn)題做出了回應(yīng)。
  二、Text B
  People and Colors(不同的人與不同的顏色)
  One person chooses a bright red car, but another prefers a dark green. One family paints the living room a sunny yellow, but another family uses pure white. One child wants a bright orange ball, but another wants a light blue one. Psychologists and businessmen think these differences are important.
  一個(gè)人選擇鮮紅色的小轎車(chē),而另一個(gè)人則寧可要墨綠色的。一戶(hù)人家把客廳粉刷成金黃色,而另一戶(hù)人家則使用純白色。一個(gè)孩子要鮮橙色的球,而另一個(gè)孩子則要淺藍(lán)色的。心理學(xué)家和商人們認(rèn)為這些差別是很重要的。
  prefer:(vt.)更喜歡
  In general, people talk about two groups of colors: warm colors and cool colors. Researchers think that there are also two groups of people: people who prefer warm colors and people who prefer cool colors.
  總的來(lái)說(shuō),人們談?wù)摰氖莾纱箢?lèi)顏色:暖色和冷色。研究人員認(rèn)為世人也有兩大類(lèi):喜歡暖色的人和喜歡冷色的人。
  in general = generally(speaking)通常,大體上,一般來(lái)說(shuō)
  The warm colors are red, orange, and yellow. Where there are warm colors and a lot of light, people usually want to be active. People think that red, for example, is exciting. Sociable people, those who like to be with others, like red. The cool colors are green, blue, and violet. These colors, unlike warm colors, are relaxing. Where there are cool colors, people are usually quiet. People who like to spend time alone often prefer blue.
  紅、橙、黃是暖色。凡有暖色并有充足光線(xiàn)的地方,人們通常想要積極活動(dòng)。例如,人們認(rèn)為紅色會(huì)使人心潮激動(dòng)。喜歡社交的人,喜歡和他人在一起的人都喜歡紅色。綠、藍(lán)、紫都是冷色。冷色與暖色不同,它們會(huì)使人放松。在冷色環(huán)境里,人們通常都很安靜。凡是喜歡獨(dú)自一人度過(guò)時(shí)光的人都喜歡藍(lán)色。
  Red may be exciting, but one researcher says that time seems to pass more slowly in a room with warm colors than in a room with cool colors. He suggests that a warm color, such as red or orange, is a good color for a living room or restaurant. People who are relaxing or eating do not want time to pass quickly. Cool colors are better for offices or factories if the people who are working there want time to pass quickly.
  紅色會(huì)令人激動(dòng)興奮,不過(guò)某研究人員表示,人在暖色房間里似乎會(huì)覺(jué)得比在冷色房間里時(shí)間過(guò)得慢。這位研究人員認(rèn)為,紅、橙之類(lèi)的暖色適用于客廳和飯店。凡是休閑或進(jìn)餐的人都不希望時(shí)間過(guò)得很快。如果人們?cè)谵k公室或工廠(chǎng)上班,都希望時(shí)間過(guò)得很快,那么把環(huán)境弄成冷色就比較好。
  Researchers do not know why people think some colors are warm and other colors are cool. However, almost everyone agrees that red, orange, and yellow are warm and that green, blue, and violet are cool. Perhaps warm colors remind people of warm days and the cool colors remind them of cool days. Because in the north the sun is low during winter, the sunlight appears quite blue. Because the sun is higher during summer, the hot summer sunlight appears yellow.
  研究人員現(xiàn)在還都不知道,為什么人們認(rèn)為有些顏色是暖的,而另外一些顏色是冷的。但是幾乎人人都承認(rèn)紅、橙、黃是暖色,而綠、藍(lán)、紫是冷色。也許暖色能使人們想起溫暖的日子,而冷色使人想起冷的日子。因?yàn)樵诒狈蕉咎?yáng)低,使人覺(jué)得似乎陽(yáng)光有點(diǎn)發(fā)藍(lán),而在炎熱的夏季太陽(yáng)高一些,令人覺(jué)得陽(yáng)光似乎是黃色的。
  短語(yǔ):remind sb of sth 讓某人想到了……
  單詞:appear:出現(xiàn)、顯現(xiàn)或者顯出…、好像…
  People associate colors with different objects, feelings, and holidays. Red, for example, is the color of fire, heat, blood, and life.
  人們把不同的顏色和不同的事物、不同的感覺(jué)、不同的節(jié)日聯(lián)系在一起。例如,紅色是火、熱、鮮血和生命的顏色。
  短語(yǔ):associate … with … 把……和……聯(lián)系起來(lái)
  People say red is an exciting and active color. They associate red with a strong feeling like anger. Red is used for signs of danger, such as STOP signs and fire engines. The holiday which is associated with red is Valentine's Day. On February 14, Americans send red hearts to people they love.
  人們說(shuō)紅色是令人激動(dòng)和積極的顏色。人們把紅色同憤怒這種強(qiáng)烈的感情聯(lián)系在一起,紅色被用作危險(xiǎn)的信號(hào),例如,停止的標(biāo)志、救火車(chē)的標(biāo)志。跟紅色聯(lián)系在一起的節(jié)日是情人節(jié)。在每年2月14日,美國(guó)人都給他們所愛(ài)的人紛紛寄送紅心。
  Orange is the bright, warm color of leaves in autumn. People say orange is a lively, energetic color. They associate orange with happiness. The holidays which are associated with orange are Halloween in October and Thanksgiving Day in November. On October 31 many Americans put large orange pumpkins in their windows for Halloween.
  橙色是秋天葉子的鮮暖色。人們說(shuō)橙色是充滿(mǎn)生機(jī)的積極向上的顏色。人們把橙色和幸�?鞓�(lè)聯(lián)系在一起。與橙色有聯(lián)系的兩個(gè)節(jié)日是10月份的萬(wàn)圣節(jié)和11月份的感恩節(jié)。在10月31日很多美國(guó)人把橙色的南瓜燈擺在窗戶(hù)上來(lái)歡度萬(wàn)圣節(jié)。
  Yellow is the color of sunlight. People say it is a cheerful and lively color. They associate yellow, too, with happiness. Because it is bright, it is used for signs of caution.
  黃色是陽(yáng)光的顏色。人們說(shuō)黃色是一種歡快的充滿(mǎn)生機(jī)的顏色。人們也把黃色和幸�?鞓�(lè)聯(lián)系在一起。因?yàn)辄S色鮮艷,黃色也被用作警告的標(biāo)志。
  Green is the cool color of grass in spring. People say it is a refreshing and relaxing color. Machines in factories are usually painted light green.
  綠色是冷色,是春季草坪的顏色。人們說(shuō),綠色使人覺(jué)得大地回春萬(wàn)象更新,是一種使人心曠神怡的顏色。工廠(chǎng)的機(jī)器大多被漆成嫩綠色。
  Blue is the color of the sky, water, and ice. Police and Navy uniforms are blue. When people are sad, they say “I feel blue.” They associate blue with feelings like unhappiness and fear.
  藍(lán)色是天空、水和冰的顏色。警察和海軍的制服都是藍(lán)色的。當(dāng)人們感到悲傷時(shí),會(huì)說(shuō)“I feel blue”(我覺(jué)得很沮喪)。人們把不愉快和恐懼之類(lèi)的感覺(jué)同藍(lán)色聯(lián)系在一起。
  Violet, or purple, is the deep, soft color of darkness or shadows. People consider violet a dignified color. They associate it with loneliness. On Easter Sunday people decorate baskets with purple ribbons.
  紫羅蘭色,或者說(shuō)紫色,是陰暗、深沉、輕柔的顏色。人們認(rèn)為紫羅蘭色是一種高貴莊嚴(yán)的顏色。人們把它與孤獨(dú)聯(lián)系在一起。復(fù)活節(jié)時(shí),人們用紫色的絲帶裝飾籃子。
  White is the color of snow. People describe white as a pure, clean color. They associate white with a bright clean feeling. Doctors and nurses normally wear white uniforms. On the other hand, black is the color of night. People wear black clothes at serious or formal ceremonies.
  白色是雪的顏色。人們把白色描繪成純潔干凈的顏色。人們把白色同明快純潔的感覺(jué)聯(lián)系在一起。醫(yī)生和護(hù)士通常都穿白色的制服。與此相反,黑色是黑夜的顏色。人們?cè)谇f嚴(yán)而正式的儀式上都穿黑色服裝。
  Businessmen know that people choose products by color. Businessmen want to manufacture products which are the colors people will buy. Fox example, an automobile manufacturer needs to know how many cars to paint red, how many green, and how many black. Good businessmen know that young people prefer different colors than old people do and men prefer different colors than women do.
  商人們都懂得人們是按顏色來(lái)選購(gòu)商品的。廠(chǎng)商們都想要生產(chǎn)出人們?cè)敢馊ベ?gòu)買(mǎi)的顏色的產(chǎn)品。例如,汽車(chē)生產(chǎn)商需要知道有多少汽車(chē)要噴成紅色,多少?lài)姵删G色,多少?lài)姵珊谏�。有�?jīng)驗(yàn)的商人們都知道年輕人跟老年人比起來(lái),更喜歡多種多樣的顏色。男人跟女人比,男人更喜歡多種不同的顏色。
  Young children react to the color of an object before they react to its shape. They prefer the warm colors - red, yellow, and orange. When people grow older, they begin to react more to the shape of an object than to its color. The favorite color of adults of all countries is blue. Their second favorite color is red, and their third is green.
  孩子對(duì)一件物品的顏色先做出反應(yīng)后,才會(huì)對(duì)物品的形狀做出反應(yīng)。孩子喜歡暖色——紅、黃、橙。隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng),人們會(huì)對(duì)物品形狀的反應(yīng)多于對(duì)物品顏色的反應(yīng)。所有國(guó)家的成年人最喜歡的顏色是藍(lán)色,第二種喜歡的顏色是紅色,第三種喜歡的顏色是綠色。
  On the whole, women prefer brighter colors than men do. Almost everyone likes red, but women like yellow and green more than men do. Pink is usually considered a feminine color. Blue is usually considered a masculine color.
  大體上,婦女比男人更喜歡鮮艷的顏色。幾乎每個(gè)人都喜歡紅色。但是,女人和男人比起來(lái),女人更喜歡黃色和綠色。粉紅色通常被認(rèn)為是女性的顏色。藍(lán)色通常被認(rèn)為是男性的顏色。
  固定短語(yǔ):on the whole 大體上,基本上;相當(dāng)于 in general.
  As a result, people dress baby girls in pink and baby boys in blue. However, it is dangerous to generalize because taste changes. For example, years ago businessmen wore only white shirts; today they wear many different colors, including pink.
  因此,人們總是給女?huà)氪┐鞣奂t色,給男嬰穿戴藍(lán)色。但是,一律都這樣辦可就危險(xiǎn)了,因?yàn)槿说钠肺妒菚?huì)變化的。例如,幾年前職場(chǎng)中人只穿白襯衫,可是如今他們卻穿著五顏六色的襯衫,甚至還穿粉色襯衫。
  短語(yǔ):as a result(of)結(jié)果
  For example:As a result of the accident, he had been in hospital for three years. 由于那次事故,他住了三年醫(yī)院。
  dress sb(oneself) 給某人(自己)穿……;
  dress sb in + (color)給…穿…(什么顏色的衣服)。
  wear/put on:表示“穿”,通常強(qiáng)調(diào)的是行為動(dòng)作
  If two objects are the same except for color, they will look different. Color can make an object look nearer or farther, larger or smaller. A red object always looks nearer than a blue object. For example, red letters on a blue sign look as though they are in front of the sign.
  如果兩件東西除了顏色不同以外都相同,那么這兩件東西看起來(lái)就不同。顏色能使物品看起來(lái)好像較近或較遠(yuǎn),較大或較小。一件紅色的東西看起來(lái)總是比一件藍(lán)色的東西近一些。例如,一塊藍(lán)底招牌上的紅字看起來(lái)就好像紅字是在招牌前面似的。
  except for;except
  as though 似乎、好像 = as if
  Bright objects look larger than dark objects. However, they are actually the same size. Large or fat people who want to look smaller or slimmer wear dark clothes. When they wear dark clothes, they look smaller and slimmer than they are.
  顏色鮮艷的物品看上去就比色調(diào)發(fā)暗的物品好像大一些似的,但實(shí)際上他們的大小是一樣的。大個(gè)子或肥胖的人,如果想讓人看起來(lái)瘦小點(diǎn)兒、苗條點(diǎn)兒,就應(yīng)穿暗色的衣服。如果這些大個(gè)子、胖人穿上黑衣服,那么他們看起來(lái)就要比他們實(shí)際瘦小一些、苗條一些。
  In conclusion, color is very important to people. Warm and cool colors affect how people feel. People choose products by color. Moreover, color affects how an object looks. It is even possible that your favorite color tells a lot about you.
  由此可以得出結(jié)論,顏色對(duì)人們是很重要的。暖色和冷色都會(huì)影響到人的感覺(jué)。人們是根據(jù)顏色挑選產(chǎn)品的,更重要的是,顏色影響到一個(gè)物體的外觀(guān),甚至可以根據(jù)你所喜歡的顏色了解到有關(guān)你本人的許多情況。
  In conclusion 綜上所述、總之
  三、Vocabulary Exercises
  Choose the most proper words and expressions from the vocabulary list to complete the following sentences. The first letter is already given.
  1. I don't feel energetic enough. I must take some recreation to refresh myself.
  2. A sign with“Danger”on it is a caution.
  3. Henry Ford, the American motor - car manufacturer, was the first to make mass-production of cars possible.
  4. One cannot generalize from a few examples.
  5. He is very slim, being six feet tall and weighing only 130 pounds.
  6. The rooms looked like new after they had been decorated.
  7. Discipline was relaxed on the last day of school.
  8. If you give the old table two coats of paint, it won't show so badly.
  coat: 層
  9. The audience reacted warmly to his speech.
  10. They are a sociable family and entertain a great deal.
  要點(diǎn)概述:
  1.核心詞匯
  assure;pursuit;commitment;maintain;approach;sociable;caution;react;generalize.
  2.核心短語(yǔ)
  to set aside;in pursuit of;to make commitment to;approach to;to keep(或 to bear)… in mind;remind of
  3.結(jié)構(gòu)方面
  1.have(no)difficulty(in)doing:做某事有(沒(méi)有)困難
  注意后面用的是動(dòng)詞的 ing 形式。
  2.see as = regard as 把…看作…、把…當(dāng)成…。
  For example:Many children see their fathers as great men. 很多孩子視自己的父親為偉人。
  3.suggest 后面的賓語(yǔ)從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣的情況一定要滿(mǎn)足:第一、suggest 是建議的意思;第二、后面跟賓語(yǔ)從句。
  虛擬語(yǔ)氣中謂語(yǔ)是 should + 動(dòng)詞原形或者是省略should直接用動(dòng)詞原形。
  4.本單元中復(fù)習(xí)了分詞和定語(yǔ)從句在句子中做定語(yǔ)時(shí)的情況
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