1.簡單句和并列句

　　主謂 ， 主謂狀 I study hard。

　　情態(tài)動詞 + 實意動詞構(gòu)成謂語 . I shall go。

　　主謂賓 ， 主謂介賓 I study English。

　　I look at the blackboard。

　　主系表 I am a student. The leaves turn red。

　　主謂雙賓 I give him a present。

　　主謂賓賓補 I let you do it。

　　I ask you to do it。

　　定 狀 語 A red book。

　　Work hard。

　　并 列 句 I worked and studied(x)

　　I worked and he studied。

　　2. 主從復(fù)合句

　　(1) 賓語從句

　　I study English. I think (that)… I think that she is a good student。

　　I made it clear that he objected to the plan。

　　I asked whether/if he was a good student。

　　I don't know whether it is raining。

　　I asked what he had studied. He gave me what I need。

　　You are wrong in that you took effect for cause。

　　(2)主語從句

　　That the sun moves around the earth is the truth。( it is the truth that……)

　　Whether it is raining is not known。

　　It is not known——computers will one day have vision as good as human vision。

　　A.whether B. if C. that D. how

　　It goes without saying that we are not living in a traditional society。

　　Who will come to the meeting remains unknown。

　　翻譯題 ： In a sense， what he said amounts to threat。

　　(3)表語從句

　　Your greatest fault is that you are careless。

　　The problem is what we should do to help him。

　　(4)形容詞補語從句

　　We feel proud that our team has won every match this year。

　　He wasn't sure whether he should stay or leave。

　　Are you certain who he is

　　(5)同位語從句

　　(fact， news， idea， opinion， concern， hope， theory， decision， discovery， conclusion， report，

　　order， question， problem， belief， truth， answer， statement， promise， possibility。)

　　The news that he intended to come gave us much pleasure。

　　(6)狀語從句

　　時間狀語從句

　　When I studied， the bell rang。

　　She was going upstairs when suddenly the light went out。

　　He had no sooner died than / he had hardly died when the family arguments began。

　　地點狀語從句

　　He live where he liked。

　　原因狀語從句

　　He was late because he missed the bus。

　　Now that you mention it， I do remember。

　　I'm in a slightly awkward position， in that my secretary is on holiday at that moment。

　　目的狀語從句

　　We have so arranged matters that one of us is always on duty。

　　Bring it closer so that I may see it better。

　　結(jié)果狀語從句

　　He brought a big house so( that) he had more space to paint in。

　　He made such a good speech that he won warm applause。

　　翻譯題 ：The brothers looks so alike that it is difficult to tell them each other

　　條件狀語從句

　　If I make a promise， I keep it。

　　I'll lend you the money ， as/so long as you take my advice。

　　These messages will become rubbish unless some measures have been taken。

　　讓步狀語從句

　　Although/ though he was Spanish， he spent most of his life in Germany。

　　Whatever/ No matter what happens， you must be calm and quiet。

　　However/no matter how loudly you shout， you won't be heard。

　　方式狀語從句

　　I have changed the plan as you suggested。

　　As if ( as though)

　　比較狀語從句 ( 重點 )

　　She is as tall as Tom( is) I arrived as early as you (did)

　　Mary was older/more careful than Tom( was)

　　Mary works harder /more carefully than Tom( does)

　　Bill speaks French ——( badly) than he writes it。

　　The –( far)away we get from the earth， the thinner the air becomes. further 進

　　(8)定語從句 在從句中成份 + 連詞

　　She is a beautiful girl. I like the girl who is beautiful。( who 主語 )

　　This is the film that I see。

　　This is the boy who (whom)(——) you met yesterday. ( 主語 )

　　Tell me something about the man for whom I shall be working / (whom) I shall be working for。

　　I read the book whose cover is red。

　　You are still the same person as I knew ten years ago。

　　I never heard such stories as he told。

　　This is the day when ( on which ) I joined the league。

　　This is the house where( in which ) I live./ This is the house I live in。