紅葡萄酒一直以來(lái)都被推崇為一種健康飲品。如今，葡萄酒中據(jù)說(shuō)有益健康的成分──白藜蘆醇──在日常營(yíng)養(yǎng)補(bǔ)充品、飲料、甚至一種新的營(yíng)養(yǎng)食品（銷售商宣稱這種營(yíng)養(yǎng)棒可以幫助你延年益壽，有助于預(yù)防癌癥和其他疾�。┲幸部梢垣@得了。直到最近之前，白藜蘆醇有益健康的證據(jù)都只限于動(dòng)物試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)，不過(guò)現(xiàn)在初步的人體試驗(yàn)已經(jīng)得出了讓人感興趣的結(jié)果。
　　Red wine has long been touted as a health elixir. Now wine’s purported health-giving ingredient, resveratrol, is available in daily supplements, beverages and even a new nutritional bar claimed by sellers to help you live longer and help prevent cancer and other diseases. Until recently, the evidence for resveratrol has been animal data, but preliminary human testing has yielded intriguing results.
　　白藜蘆醇是葡萄和其他植物中的一種成分。市場(chǎng)上的很多營(yíng)養(yǎng)補(bǔ)充品都是從日本結(jié)草中提取白藜蘆醇，而結(jié)草是一種既豐富又便宜的白藜蘆醇來(lái)源。瑞士Royal DSM NV公司銷售一種人工合成的“resVida”。營(yíng)養(yǎng)補(bǔ)充品、一種非酒精水果口味飲料和新推出的Winetime巧克力水果棒中都含有這種成分。
　　Resveratrol is a substance found in grapes and other plants. Many of the supplements on the market extract it from the Japanese knotweed plant, which is a plentiful and inexpensive source. Switzerland’s Royal DSM NV sells a synthetic version called resVida, which is found in supplements, a nonalcoholic fruit-flavored beverage and the new Winetime chocolate-fruit bar.
　　研究人員在動(dòng)物試驗(yàn)中發(fā)現(xiàn)，白藜蘆醇可以防止或放緩從癌癥到心血管疾病等一系列疾病的發(fā)展，甚至能延長(zhǎng)一些生物體的壽命。自2008年以來(lái)，在科學(xué)會(huì)議上至少展示了五項(xiàng)人體試驗(yàn)，表明白藜蘆醇有益人體，包括改善心臟血液流動(dòng)、更好地控制糖尿病等。
　　Resveratrol has found been found in animal studies to prevent or slow progression of illnesses from cancer to cardiovascular disease -- and even to extend the life span of some organisms. Since 2008, at least five human studies have been presented at scientific meetings showing human benefits, ranging from improved blood flow to the heart to better control of diabetes.
　　最新的結(jié)果令人振奮，不過(guò)一些科學(xué)家說(shuō)，公眾開始服用營(yíng)養(yǎng)補(bǔ)充品還為時(shí)尚早。取決于劑量的不同，一片營(yíng)養(yǎng)補(bǔ)充劑中白藜蘆醇的含量相當(dāng)于數(shù)十甚至數(shù)百瓶葡萄酒的含量。目前還不知道對(duì)人體適宜的劑量，而且并不是說(shuō)越多越好。
　　The newest results are exciting, but some scientists say it is too early for the public to begin taking supplements, which contain as much resveratrol in one pill as dozens or hundreds of bottles of wine, depending on the dose. The proper dose for humans isn’t yet known -- and more isn’t necessarily better.
　　康涅狄格大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，小劑量白藜蘆醇可以保護(hù)小鼠的心臟免遭人為引發(fā)的心臟病突發(fā)，而大劑量實(shí)際上會(huì)加重心臟病突發(fā)。
　　Researchers at the University of Connecticut School of Medicine in Farmington found that lower doses of resveratrol protected rats’ hearts from artificially induced heart attacks while high doses actually made the attacks worse.
　　伊利諾伊大學(xué)芝加哥分校流行病學(xué)教授奧士安斯基(S. Jay Olshansky)說(shuō)，盡管在人體上已經(jīng)進(jìn)行了一些安全性研究，大劑量是否會(huì)產(chǎn)生長(zhǎng)期副作用，這一點(diǎn)還不清楚；我再怎么強(qiáng)調(diào)都不為過(guò)：不要在自己身上做試驗(yàn)。
　　While some safety studies have been conducted on humans, it is too early to know if there are long-term side effects of high doses, says S. Jay Olshansky, a professor of epidemiology at the University of Illinois at Chicago. ’I cannot emphasize enough: Do not experiment on your own body,’ he says.
　　沒有人知道白藜蘆醇確切的作用機(jī)理，不過(guò)科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為，它可以激活一系列的基因，對(duì)人體的各項(xiàng)功能造成連鎖反應(yīng)。人體研究數(shù)據(jù)包括從Sirtris Pharmaceuticals Inc.的一項(xiàng)研究得出的結(jié)果。這項(xiàng)研究包括由100人組成的對(duì)照組。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，服用了葛蘭素史克生產(chǎn)的自主配方補(bǔ)充品SRT501的糖尿病患者體內(nèi)血糖水平降低，不過(guò)這種營(yíng)養(yǎng)補(bǔ)充品尚未上市。
　　No one knows exactly how resveratrol works, but scientists believe it activates a wide range of genes, creating a cascade-like effect on a variety of body functions. Human data include a 100-person placebo-controlled study by Sirtris Pharmaceuticals Inc. that found lowered blood-glucose levels in diabetics who took the GlaxoSmithKline unit’s proprietary formulation, SRT501, not yet on the market.