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2009年12月英語四級(jí)閱讀考試訓(xùn)練(三三)

作者：不詳 　 發(fā)布時(shí)間：2009-12-27 09:09:49　 來源：網(wǎng)絡(luò)
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　　Is there enough oil beneath the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (保護(hù)區(qū)) (ANWR) to help secure America’s energy future ? President Bush certainly thinks so. He has argued that tapping ANWR’s oil would help ease California’s electricity crisis and provide a major boost to the country’s energy independence. But no one knows for sure how much crude oil lies buried beneath the frozen earth with the last government survey, conducted in 1998, projecting output anywhere from 3 billion to 16 billion barrels.
　　The oil industry goes with the high end of the range, which could equal as much as 10% of U.S. consumption for as long as six years. By pumping more than 1 million barrels a day from the reserve for the next two three decades, lobbyists claim, the nation could cut back on imports equivalent to all shipments to the U.S. from Saudi Arabia. Sounds good. An oil boom would also mean a multibillion-dollar windfall(意外之財(cái))in tax revenues, royalties(開采權(quán)使用費(fèi))and leasing fees for Alaska and the Federal Government. Best of all, advocates of drilling say , damage to the environment would be insignificant . “We’ve never had a document case of oil rig chasing deer out onto the pack ice.” says Alaska State Representative Scott Ogan .
　　Not so far, say environmentalists. Sticking to the low end of government estimates, the National Resources Defense Council says there may be no more than 3.2 billion barrels of economically recoverable oil in the coastal plain of ANWR, a drop in the bucket that would do virtually nothing to ease America’s energy problems. And consumers would wait up to a decade to gain any benefits, because drilling could begin only after much bargaining over leases, environmental permits and regulatory review. As for ANWR’s impact on the California power crisis, environmentalists point out that oil is responsible for only 1% of the Golden State’s electricity output – and just 3% of the nation’s.
　　1. What does President Bush think of tapping oil in ANWR?
　　A) It will exhaust the nation’s oil reserves.
　　B) It will help secure the future of ANWR.
　　C) It will help reduce the nation’s oil imports
　　D) It will increase America’s energy consumption
　　2. We learn from the second paragraph that the American oil industry _______
　　A) believes that drilling for oil in ANWR will produce high yields
　　B) tends to exaggerate America’s reliance on foreign oil
　　C) shows little interest in tapping oil in ANWR
　　D) expects to stop oil imports from Saudi Arabia
　　3. Those against oil drilling in ANWR argue that _________
　　A) it can cause serious damage to the environment
　　B) it can do little to solve U.S. energy problems
　　C) it will drain the oil reserves in the Alaskan region
　　D) it will not have much commercial value
　　4. What do the environmentalists mean by saying “Not so fast” (Line 1, Para .3)?
　　A) Oil exploitation takes a long time
　　B) The oil drilling should be delayed
　　C) Don’t be too optimistic
　　D) Don’t expect fast returns
　　5. It can be learned from the passage that oil exploitation beneath ANWR’s frozen earth ______.
　　A) remains a controversial issue
　　B) is expected to get under way soon
　　C) involves a lot of technological problems
　　D) will enable the U.S. to be oil independent
　　這是一篇報(bào)道性的文章。文中就美國阿拉斯加州北極地區(qū)國家野生動(dòng)植物保護(hù)區(qū)(ANWR)地下資源是否開發(fā)，以保證美國未來能源的需要，列出了正反兩方面的意見。布什總統(tǒng)主張開放這一地區(qū)的地下資源，是有業(yè)內(nèi)也積極響應(yīng);但環(huán)保主義者卻提出反對(duì)意見，認(rèn)為此舉杯水車薪(a drop in the bucket),無濟(jì)于事。
　　1.本題為細(xì)節(jié)題，答案是C：(布什總統(tǒng)認(rèn)為)這將有助于減少國家的石油進(jìn)口。
　　根據(jù)第1段第3句He has argued that tapping ANWR's oil would help ease California's electricity crisis and provide a major boost to the country's energy independence可作出判斷。boost to the country's energy independence(推進(jìn)國家的能源自主)即“有助于減少國家的石油進(jìn)口”，所以正確答案為C。
　　其他選項(xiàng)：選項(xiàng)A，浙江耗盡國家的資源;B，這將確保ANWR的未來;D，這將增加美國的能源消耗。
　　2.本題為簡單推論題，答案是A：(美國石油業(yè))相信在ANWR鉆探將會(huì)有高產(chǎn)石油。
　　第1段末尾根據(jù)1998年的勘測(cè)，ANWR石油的產(chǎn)量為3 billion to 16 billion 桶，第2段談到，The oil industry goes with the high end of the range(美國石油業(yè)傾向于這個(gè)范圍的高端)，也就是說ANWR地區(qū)有高產(chǎn)石油。
　　其他選項(xiàng)：B，傾向于夸大美國對(duì)外國的石油的依賴;C，對(duì)在ANWR開采石油沒顯出什么興趣;D，期待停止從沙特阿拉伯進(jìn)口石油。
　　3.本題為細(xì)節(jié)題，答案是B：(反對(duì)者認(rèn)為)這種做法對(duì)解決美國能源問題沒多大作用。
　　參見文中第3段： there may be no more than 3.2 billion barrels......a drop in the bucket that would do virtually nothing to ease America’s energy problems.
　　其他選項(xiàng)：A，此舉會(huì)造成環(huán)境的嚴(yán)重的破壞;C，此舉會(huì)耗盡阿拉斯加地區(qū)的石油儲(chǔ)量;D，此舉沒多少經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值。這些都不是反對(duì)者的主要論點(diǎn)。
　　4.本題為推論題，答案是C：不要太樂觀。
　　原文的Not so fast也即是“ANWR的開采沒那么快”，后面談到消費(fèi)者至少要等待10年才能獲利(consumers would wait up to a decade to gain any benefits),所以正確答案是C。
　　5.本題為推論題，答案是A：(ANWR的開采)仍然是一個(gè)有爭議的問題。
　　文章從正反兩方面提出了開發(fā)ANWR地區(qū)石油的利弊，但沒有一個(gè)定論，因此正確答案是A。
　　其他選項(xiàng)：B，可望很快進(jìn)行開發(fā);C，包括許多技術(shù)方面的問題;D,將使美國能夠在石油上獨(dú)立自主。
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