2017考研英語(yǔ)長(zhǎng)難句解析(7)

　　對(duì)于參加2017全國(guó)碩士研究生招生考試的同學(xué)來(lái)說(shuō)，現(xiàn)在正是打基礎(chǔ)的重要時(shí)期，這段時(shí)間一定要注重基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)及語(yǔ)法的強(qiáng)化，而2017考研英語(yǔ)更是要把功夫花在平時(shí)，長(zhǎng)難句不僅包含了詞匯部分，還有語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)及翻譯，還是閱讀的難點(diǎn)，所以同學(xué)們一定要重視考研英語(yǔ)長(zhǎng)難句的學(xué)習(xí)，我們來(lái)看今天的句子：

　　1. All would be well were reason the only judge in the creationism and evolution debate.

　　【句子解析】助動(dòng)詞were被提前置于主語(yǔ)reason前，可以判定為部分倒裝;此處倒裝的原因是由于虛擬條件句中if被省略而引起的，句子還原就是：If reason were the only judge in the creationism and evolution debate, all would be well .

　　【譯文賞析】如果理性是創(chuàng)造論和進(jìn)化論的爭(zhēng)論中的唯一評(píng)判標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的話，那么所有的事情就很好辦了。

　　For example, they do not compensate for gross social inequality, and thus do not tell how able an underprivileged youngster might have been had he grown up under more favorable circumstances.

　　【句子解析】句子也出現(xiàn)了虛擬語(yǔ)氣的倒裝：had he grown up under more favorable circumstances，完整的表達(dá)是if he had grown up under more favorable circumstances.

　　【詞匯突破】tell說(shuō)明，表明

　　Underprivileged貧困的、物質(zhì)條件差的

　　【譯文賞析】例如，測(cè)試并不能彌補(bǔ)明顯的社會(huì)不公，因此就不能說(shuō)明一個(gè)物質(zhì)條件很差的人，如果在更加有利的條件下成長(zhǎng)，會(huì)有多么能干。

　　2. This seems a justification for neglect of those in need, and a rationalization of exploitation, of the superiority of those at the top and the inferiority of those at the bottom.

　　【詞匯突破】Justification 證明....正當(dāng)

　　Rationalization 證明…合理 Exploitation 剝削

　　Superiority 優(yōu)越

　　Inferiority 劣勢(shì)，弱勢(shì)

　　【主干識(shí)別】 This seems a justification for neglect and a rationalization

　　【譯文賞析】：這種說(shuō)法似乎使我們可以很正當(dāng)?shù)娜ズ鲆暷切┬枰獛椭�的��，去使剝削合理化，使上層人的變得更�?yōu)越，而底層人變得更加弱勢(shì)。

　　3. That suggests invention now proceeds mainly by recombining existing technologies and chimes with the idea that inventions were, in some sense, more fundamental in the past than they are today.

　　【詞匯突破】chime (In) with sth = fit sth; suit sth; 符合某事，適合某事

　　chime with the idea 與……觀念相一致

　　【主干識(shí)別】That suggests...and chimes with the idea...

　　【譯文賞析】這表明現(xiàn)在發(fā)明的推進(jìn)主要是靠重組現(xiàn)有的技術(shù)，這也和下面的看法一致：從某種意義上講，過(guò)去的發(fā)明更為根本。

　　4. “The development of full artificial intelligence could spell the end of human race,”Stephen Hawking warns. ElonMusk fears that the development of artificial intelligence, or AI, maybe the biggest existential threat humanity faces. Bill Gates urges people to beware of it.

　　【詞匯突破】spell 導(dǎo)致

　　existential 人類存在(生存)上的

　　artificial intelligence 人工智能

　　beware (of) 關(guān)注，認(rèn)識(shí)，小心

　　【譯文賞析】斯蒂芬霍金警告說(shuō)：“人工智能的全面發(fā)展可能導(dǎo)致人類滅絕。”埃隆·馬斯克擔(dān)心人工智能(AI)的發(fā)展可能會(huì)成為人類生存方面面對(duì)的最大的威脅。比爾蓋茨也敦促人們小心人工智能。

　　5. Whorf came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism which，in its strongest form，states that language imprisons the mind，and that the grammatical patterns in a language can produce far-reaching consequences for the culture of a society.

　　【主干識(shí)別】Whorf came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism

　　【其他成分】 which，in its strongest from，states that language imprisons the mind，and that the grammatical patterns in a language can produce far-reaching consequences for the culture of a society.定語(yǔ)從句

　　【詞匯突破】a sort of 某種

　　linguistic determinism語(yǔ)言決定論

　　in its strongest form其極端說(shuō)法是

　　imprison the mind禁錮思維

　　far-reaching 深遠(yuǎn)的; 伸得很遠(yuǎn)的

　　【譯文賞析】Whorf逐漸接受了某種語(yǔ)言決定論;這種觀點(diǎn)的極端說(shuō)法是：語(yǔ)言禁錮了思想，語(yǔ)言的語(yǔ)法模式可以對(duì)某種社會(huì)文化產(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)的影響。