2011年跟單員輔導(dǎo)：跟單英語(yǔ)-Insurance 保險(xiǎn)3
來(lái)源：育路教育網(wǎng)發(fā)布時(shí)間：2011-04-20
為了幫助考生系統(tǒng)的復(fù)習(xí)跟單員考試課程 全面的了解跟單員考試的相關(guān)重點(diǎn)，小編特編輯匯總了2011年跟單員考試相關(guān)資料，希望對(duì)您參加本次考試有所幫助��！
Conversations
Dialogue 2
W： Do I understand that All Marine Risks means less than All Risks？
J： The English understand by marine risks？only risks incident to transport by sea， such as collision， stranding， fire， pen e tra tion of sea water into the holds of the ships， etc. In other words， under ？all marine risks？ recoverable loss will only be con fined to those arising from perils of the sea and maritime accidents only. The all risks？coverage will admit all losses occurring at any time throughout the whole currency of the coverage， irrespective of whether they are caused by accidents at sea or on land. In this sense， all marine risks provides a more limited cover than all risks？
W： I see. Another thing I don‘t understand at this moment is the advantage of W.P.A. coverage. I thought that the W.P.A. insurance should cover all principal risks while， according to what you say， it means very little. It seems to be a phrase without much substance. Then what is the difference between W.P.A. and F.P.A.？
—— 那么，“一切海洋運(yùn)輸貨物險(xiǎn)”是否意味著比“一切險(xiǎn)”范圍狹一些呢？
—— 英國(guó)人對(duì)“海洋運(yùn)輸貨物險(xiǎn)”只理解為海運(yùn)中的意外風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，諸如 船舶碰撞、擱淺、起火、海水侵入船艙等。換句話說(shuō)，投保“一 切海洋運(yùn)輸貨物險(xiǎn)”，其損失的賠償只限于因海上災(zāi)難和海運(yùn)意外事故所引起的損失。而保“一切險(xiǎn)”，在全部承保期內(nèi)的任何時(shí)期，不論海上或陸上所產(chǎn)生的意外事故，其全部損失都予以賠償。在 這個(gè)意義上，“一切海洋運(yùn)輸貨物險(xiǎn)”比“一切險(xiǎn)”所承保的責(zé)任 范圍更為有限。
—— 我懂了。另外一件事我現(xiàn)在還不明白的是，保“水漬險(xiǎn)”有什么 好處。 我原以為“水漬險(xiǎn)”應(yīng)包括全部主要風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，而根據(jù)你所說(shuō) 的，它的承保責(zé)任卻是很少。徒有其名，而沒(méi)有本質(zhì)意義。那么，“水漬險(xiǎn)”與“平安險(xiǎn)”有什么區(qū)別呢？
J： This is a question that is very often overlooked， Mrs. Wang. It is a very common but mistaken idea that a merchant has done everything that is required to protect him against loss es when he has taken out W.P.A. insurance. There is， perhaps， no mistake more det ri men tal to his interests.
W： That interests me very much. I must confess that I was under the impression that W.P.A. insurance was quite sufficient and that losses due to breakage were covered. I know that F.P.A. insur- ance does not cover losses on consumer goods， but I did think that the W.P.A. in sur ance covered more risks than the F.P.A.
J： Actually it is like this. There is some difference between W.P.A. and F.P.A. The F.P.A. clause does not cover par tial loss of the nature of particular average， whereas the W.P.A. claus es cover such losses when they exceed a prearranged percentage. This is the only dif fer ence between W.P.A. and F.P.A. Otherwise， the protection under the F.P.A. clause will be al most identical with that of fered by the W.P.A. clause， because in the event of mari- time ac ci dents en coun tered in transit， such as stranding， fire， explosion or collision， both clauses will cov er particular average losses in full.
—— 王小姐，這是一個(gè)經(jīng)常被人忽略的問(wèn)題。這是個(gè)很普通卻又是個(gè) 很錯(cuò)誤的想法，那就是商人投保了“水漬險(xiǎn)”，便以為足以保障其 利益不受損失�？峙聸](méi)別的錯(cuò)誤比這個(gè)更有損他自己的利益的了。
—— 很有意思。我得承認(rèn)，以往我總認(rèn)為投保了“水漬險(xiǎn)”就夠了； 而且以為破碎引起的種種損失也包括在內(nèi)。我知道“平安險(xiǎn)”并 不包括消費(fèi)品的種種損失，但我確實(shí)以 為“水漬險(xiǎn)”比“平安 險(xiǎn)”承保的范圍更大。
—— 確實(shí)是這樣。“水漬險(xiǎn)”與“平安險(xiǎn)”是有些不同。“平安險(xiǎn)”條款 不包括單獨(dú)海損性質(zhì)的部分損失，而“水漬險(xiǎn)”條款當(dāng)超過(guò)事先
商定的百分比時(shí)，則包括此類損失。這是“水漬險(xiǎn)”與“平安險(xiǎn)”唯一不同之處。除此之外，“平安險(xiǎn)”條款所承保的責(zé)任與 “水漬險(xiǎn)”條款所承保的責(zé)任差不多相同。因?yàn)槿f(wàn)一在運(yùn)輸途中遭遇海上意外事故，諸如擱淺、著火、爆炸或碰撞，這兩種條款都全部賠償單獨(dú)海損的損失。
W： I don‘t mean to annoy you， Mr. Jordan， but I don’t quite grasp this. Couldn‘t you say it in simpler terms？
J： I‘ll try. Neither the W.P.A. nor the F.P.A. mentions the risks covered or the risks excluded. The extent of in sur ance is stipulated in the basic policy form and in the various risks clauses. Look at the in sur ance certificates and you will find that the risks of theft and pilferage， freshwater， oil， grease， hooks， breakage， leakage， contamination， deterioration， etc. are specifically mentioned and must be specifically applied for. These are special risks. F.P.A. stands for free of Particular Average？while W. P. A. or W.A. stands for With Particular Average？
W： Mr. Jordan， I must say that you have corrected my ideas about the insurance. I see now that this is far more complicated than I had imagined.
B： Now I know why you often point out to us the wording of some letter of credit which you don‘t feel happy about. But what are we to do about it？ We must keep to the stipulations of the contract and the letter of credit.
—— 喬丹先生，我并不想讓你生氣，但是我還是不太懂。你能否說(shuō)得 簡(jiǎn)單一點(diǎn)？
—— 我試試看。無(wú)論“水漬險(xiǎn)”還是“平安險(xiǎn)”都不注明包括哪些險(xiǎn)別 或者不包括哪些險(xiǎn)別。 保險(xiǎn)范圍是寫(xiě)在基本保險(xiǎn)單內(nèi)和各種險(xiǎn)別條 款里。你看保險(xiǎn)憑證就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)偷竊險(xiǎn)、淡水險(xiǎn)、油漬險(xiǎn)、油污險(xiǎn)、 鉤損險(xiǎn)、破碎險(xiǎn)、滲漏險(xiǎn)、沾污險(xiǎn)、變質(zhì)險(xiǎn)等都特加注明，并且必 須特別申保。這些就是特別險(xiǎn)。F.P.A.代表Free from Particular
Average（平安險(xiǎn)），而W.P.A.或W.A.代表 With Particular Average （水漬險(xiǎn)）。
—— 喬丹先生，我得說(shuō)，你已經(jīng)改正了我對(duì)保險(xiǎn)的想法。我現(xiàn)在才明 白，這比我以前想象的要復(fù)雜多了。
—— 現(xiàn)在我才知道，你為什么經(jīng)常向我們指出，你對(duì)某些信用證的措辭 感到不愉快。 但現(xiàn)在我們?cè)撛趺崔k呢？我們一定要遵守合約和信用 證的規(guī)定。
W： The blame does not only rest with the letter of credit. For an item like ceramics， I think the Light Industrial Products Corporation should have understood from our letter of cred it that we want ed to cover all the risks， including the risk of breakage. I must say the error was on both sides and I think the loss ought to be shar- ed by both parties， let us say half and half.
B： Our price calculation could hardly admit that. Besides， we act ed upon your instructions， so it is not our fault. But in view of our good relationship， we‘ll supply you with a favorable offer to com- pensate some of your losses.
J： （rising） I sincerely hope that you will settle the matter to your mutual satisfaction.
W： It goes without saying that both parties must abide by the con- tract terms that we have agreed upon and signed. This blunder， which is due to my ignorance， has cost me a pret ty penny.
B： We also have learned a lesson from this.
W： Well， to compensate a part of the loss， as you suggested， may I ask you to make us a firm offer for 50，000 glazed wall tiles C.I.F. Manila including the risk of breakage， November shipment？
B： We‘ll make you an offer tomorrow. Come and see us at 9 a.m.
W： Thank you. Tomorrow at 9 then.
—— 問(wèn)題不只是信用證。對(duì)于陶瓷器來(lái)說(shuō)，我想輕工業(yè)品公司應(yīng)從我 們的信用證中領(lǐng)會(huì)到我們要保的是“一切險(xiǎn)”，包括破碎險(xiǎn)在內(nèi)。 所以我得說(shuō)雙方都有錯(cuò)誤，我認(rèn)為損失應(yīng)由雙方承擔(dān)，我們就對(duì)半 負(fù)擔(dān)吧。
—— 我們的計(jì)價(jià)不容許這么做。此外，我們是根據(jù)你們的要求辦理的， 所以這不是我們的過(guò)錯(cuò)。但鑒于我們之間的良好關(guān)系，我們準(zhǔn)備給 你提供一個(gè)優(yōu)惠報(bào)盤(pán)，借以補(bǔ)償你方的一些損失。
—— （站起身來(lái)）我衷心希望，你們將這件事情解決至雙方都滿意。
—— 不用說(shuō)，雙方都必須遵守已經(jīng)同意并已簽署過(guò)的合約條款。這次疏 忽是由于我的無(wú)知，使我損失了不少錢。
—— 我們也從這件事吸取了教訓(xùn)。
—— 如你所說(shuō)，為了賠償一部分損失，可否請(qǐng)你們報(bào)給我們一個(gè)實(shí)盤(pán)： 五萬(wàn)塊釉面瓷磚包括破碎險(xiǎn)在內(nèi)、馬尼拉到岸價(jià)，11月份裝船？
—— 我們明天報(bào)價(jià)給你，請(qǐng)?jiān)谏衔缇劈c(diǎn)來(lái)吧。
—— 謝謝，那么明天九點(diǎn)再見(jiàn)。
