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世博與文化:用英語(yǔ)介紹圓明園

來源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)發(fā)布時(shí)間:2010-05-19

  被稱為“萬(wàn)園之園”,the Garden of Gardens的圓明園的被毀,可以說是中國(guó)園林建筑史上的最大缺憾。近日,一座全景復(fù)活圓明園的雕塑在世博會(huì)上重現(xiàn),給眾多游客帶來了巨大驚喜。你知道怎么用英語(yǔ)介紹美麗的圓明園嗎?
  首先,要說說圓明園名字的英譯,是Old Summer Palace,這個(gè)名字看上去是不是很熟悉?沒錯(cuò),頤和園的英譯是Summer Palace,和圓明園只有一詞之差。之所以譯為Summer Palace,是因?yàn)轭U和園是皇帝夏天居住的地方,若要翻譯出字面含義,可以說:Garden Of Nurtured Harmony。
  圓明園中包含了三個(gè)主要主要園林:圓明園:the Garden of Perfect Brightness proper;長(zhǎng)春園:the Garden of Eternal Spring;綺春園:the Elegant Spring Garden。
  圓明園中還有一處極具外國(guó)建筑特色的園林:西洋樓。
  The Old Summer Palace is often associated with the European-style palaces built of stone. The designers of these structures were employed by Emperor Qianlong to satisfy his taste for exotic buildings and objects.
  圓明園中的西洋樓是一處模仿外國(guó)建筑風(fēng)情的園林,乾隆皇帝專門請(qǐng)了外國(guó)建筑師來建造這處園林,以滿足自己追求新奇的口味。
  這座偉大的園林在第二次鴉片戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)期間被毀:
  It took 3,500 British troops to set the entire place ablaze, taking three days to burn. The Palace was plundered and burned twice, . The first time was in 1860 by French and British army forces, and only 13 royal buildings survived to remain intact, most of them in the remote areas or by the lake side. The second time was in 1900 during the Eight-Nation Alliance invasion, and nothing remained this time.
  3500支英國(guó)部隊(duì)花了三天時(shí)間才將圓明園燒成灰燼。圓明園受到了兩次洗劫。第一次是1860年英法聯(lián)軍入侵,當(dāng)時(shí)只有13座位置比較偏遠(yuǎn)的宮殿得以保留;第二次是1900八國(guó)聯(lián)軍入侵的時(shí)候,這一回整個(gè)園林都被燒毀。
  圓明園雖然被毀了,但在很多保存完好的園林中,我們?nèi)匀荒荏w會(huì)到中國(guó)園林的獨(dú)特風(fēng)情:the combination of landscape、painting and poetry,山水風(fēng)景與詩(shī)畫融合,形成了這種獨(dú)特的poetic garden,使居住在園中的人得到精神上的愉快與安寧:to provide a spiritual Utopia。
  中國(guó)園林的幾大審美要素包括:不對(duì)稱:asymmetrical;空間藝術(shù):various types of spatial connections;樹木、山石和流水:trees、rocks and water;借景:borrowed scenery;題辭:inscriptions;風(fēng)水:use of feng shui for choosing site.

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