Directions:

　　Read the following text. Choose the best word（s） for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.（ 10 points ）

　　During recent years we have heard much about "race": how this race does certain things and that race believes certain things and so on. Yet, the 1 phenomenon of race consists of a few surface indications.

　　We judge race usually 2 the coloring of the skin: a white race, a brown race, a yellow race and a black race. But 3 you were to remove the skin you could not 4 anything about the race to which the individual belonged. There is 5 in physical structure. The brain or the internal organs to 6 a difference.

　　There are four types of blood. 7 types are found in every race, and no type is distinct to any race. Human brains are the 8. No scientists could examine a brain and tell you the race to which the individual belonged. Brains will 9 in size, but this occurs within every race. 10 does size have anything to do with intelligence. The largest brain 11 examined belonged to a person of weak 12. On the other hand, some of our most distinguished people have had 13 brains.

　　Mental tests which are reasonably 14 show no differences in intelligence between races. High and low test results both can be recorded by different members of any race. 15 equal educational advantages, there will be no difference in average standings, either on account of race or geographical location. Individuals of every race 16 civilization to go backward or forward. Training and education can change the response of a group of people, 17 enable them a behave in a 18 way.

　　The behavior and ideals of people change according to circumstances, but they can always go back or go on to something new 19 is better and higher than anything 20 the past.

　　1. A. complete 　　B. full　　 C. total 　　D. whole

　　2. A. in 　　B. from 　　C. at 　　D. on

　　3. A. since　　 B. if 　　C. as 　　D. while

　　4. A. speak 　　B. talk 　　C. tell 　　D. mention

　　5. A. something 　　B. everything　　C. nothing 　　D. anything

　　6. A. display 　　B. indicate 　　C. demonstrate　　 D. appear

　　7. A. All　　 B. Most 　　C. No　　D. Some

　　8. A. same　　 B. identical 　　C. similar　　 D. alike

　　9. A. remain 　　B. increase　　 C. decrease 　　D. vary

　　10. A. Only 　　B. Or 　　C. Nor 　　D. So

　　11. A. ever 　　B. then 　　C. never　　 D. once

　　12. A. health 　　B. body 　　C. mind 　　D. thought

　　13. A. big 　　B. small 　　C. minor 　　D. major

　　14. A. true 　　B. exact 　　C. certain 　　D. accurate

　　15. A. Provided 　　B. Concerning　　C. Given 　　D. Following

　　16. A. make 　　B. cause 　　C. move　　 D. turn

　　17. A. and 　　B. but 　　C. though 　　D. so

　　18. A. ordinary 　　B. peculiar 　　C. usual　　 D. common

　　19. A. that 　　B. what 　　C. whichever 　　D. whatever

　　20. A. for 　　B. to　　 C. within　　D. in

　　Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension

　　Part A

　　Directions:

　　Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.（40 points）

　　Text 1

　　A report on a new software that enables eyes to do the typing appears in Wednesday's edition of the journal Nature. Replacing a keyboard or mouse, eye-scanning cameras mounted on computers have become necessary tools for people without limbs or those affected with paralysis. The camera tracks the movement of the eye, allowing users to "type" on a virtual keyboard as they look at the screen. And now, researchers from the Cavendish Laboratory at Cambridge University say they have developed software that replaces the standard QWERTY keyboard layout with one that is nearly twice as efficient, more accurate and easier on the eyes. Called Dasher, the prototype program taps into the natural gaze of the eye and makes predictable words and phrases simpler to write. Any off-the-shelf camera capable of scanning eye movement can be used with Dasher, though the person must sit fairly still during the interaction.

　　The letters of the alphabet appear in a single column on the right of the screen, with an underscore symbol to represent a space. Each letter is framed by a colored box. As the user looks at a particular letter on the right side of the screen and drags it to the left with their eyes, another sub-alphabet column begins to emerge inside the box on the right-hand side, along with more letters framed in colored boxes. Dasher is designed to anticipate which letter will be needed, so although the successive sub-alphabet columns are initially very small, the letters or combination of letters that simultaneously appear are most likely to be used next in that sequence. For example, if a person starts with the letter "h," the language models in Dasher will bring up "a," "e," "i," "o" and "u" in the sub-alphabet box, along with a few other possible combinations like "ello" to form the word "hello." Each box has a complete alphabet within it, though the first letters to appear have the highest probability of usage. The letters are then placed together to form a sentence on the left side of the screen.

　　Researchers say people will be able to write up to 25 words per minute with Dasher compared to on-screen keyboards, which they say average about 15 words per minute. With a bit of practice, MacKay said, Dasher offers an easier and more satisfying way for disabled people to communicate, providing them with better tools to write e-mail or create word processor files. MacKay said Dasher could work in most languages.

　　21."Paralysis"（Paragraph 1, Line 3） probably means .

　　A. short-sightedness 　　B. allergy 　　C. inability to move　　 D. color-blindness

　　22. With the new software Dasher, people can type with their eyes through .

　　A. a computer screen with eye-scanning sensors

　　B. an eye-scanning camera on computer

　　C. a colored box attached to the computer

　　D. a regular keyboard with sensors

　　23. The new method of typing will most benefit those people who .

　　A. have reading difficulties　　B. are physically handicapped

　　C. are visually incompetent　　D. do not have a big vocabulary

　　24. The software Dasher .

　　A. is able to predict the next sequence of words the user is going to write

　　B. does not allow the user to move a lot during the interaction

　　C. has to be used with eye-scanning cameras specially designed for the software

　　D. can form coherent sentences based on the first word typed by the user

　　25. People will be able to write as many as words per minute with Dasher.

　　A. 15 　　B.20 　　C.25　　 D. 30

　　Text 2

　　Opponents of affirmative action say the battle over the use of race in college admissions is hardly over, despite the Supreme Court's ruling Monday upholding the goal of a diverse student body. Higher education leaders overwhelmingly hailed the decision, saying it reaffirmed policies used by most selective colleges and universities. But some critics raised the possibility of more lawsuits, and promised to continue pressuring the Department of Education's Office of Civil Rights to investigate questionable policies. "We're talking about admissions programs, scholarships, any program…only for minorities or in which the standards used to judge admissions are substantially different," says Linda Chavez, founder and president of the Center for Equal Opportunity, a conservative non-profit group.

　　Others say they'll take their case to voters. "We have to seriously contest all this at the ballot box," says University of California regent Ward Connerly, who helped win voter approval of California's Proposition 209, which prohibits considering race or gender in public education, hiring and contracting. Because of that law, Monday's ruling had no practical impact in the state. "It may be time for us to…let the （Michigan） voters decide if they want to use race as a factor in admissions," Connerly said.

　　Meanwhile, U.S. Education Secretary Rod Paige, consistent with President Bush's stance opposing affirmative action, said the Department of Education will "continue examining and highlighting effective race-neutral approaches to ensure broad access to and diversity within our public institutions". Even Supreme Court Justice Sandra Day O'Connor, in one of the opinions, recommended that states look for lessons in race-neutral programs being tried in California and elsewhere. While the ruling said admissions officials may consider race in the selection process, colleges and universities are not obligated to do so. "Ultimately in the debate, diversity is a choice, not a legal mandate," says Arthur Coleman, a former Department of Education official who now helps colleges and universities ensure constitutional policies.

　　The public, too, remains conflicted, largely along racial lines. According to a January poll by the non-profit research organization Public Agenda, 79% of Americans said it is important for colleges to have a racially diverse student body, while just 54% said affirmative action programs should continue. In a Gallup poll conducted days before the ruling, 49% of adults said they favor affirmative action and 43% did not, with blacks and Hispanics far more likely to favor the practice than whites. And some educators doubt that with Monday's ruling, those opposing affirmative action will change their minds.

　　For now, admissions officials and university lawyers are poring over the ruling to determine how or whether to adjust policies. While most tend to be closed-mouthed about admissions policies, many say they don't expect significant changes.

　　26. It can be inferred from the text that one of the major objectives of affirmative action is to .

　　A. discourage the practice of racial discrimination in college admissions

　　B. adapt the Supreme Court's ruling to college situations

　　C. formulate the right policies for college admissions

　　D. ensure race-neutral programs are set up in college and universities

　　27.What the critics said in the first paragraph amounts to the idea that .

　　A. no admission policies based on race should be implemented

　　B. minority applicants should be given favorable considerations

　　C. different standards for admitting minority students should be set up

　　D. selective colleges and universities should be punished for their discriminatory policies

　　28.Connerly insists that the Court's ruling should .

　　A. win approval from Californian voters before it is put in effect

　　B. be contested by the Michigan voters with an opinion poll

　　C. be applied in some states before it is extended to other states

　　D. produce the intended practical effect before it is widely accepted

　　29.What is the attitude of the Department of Education towards affirmative action?

　　A. Neutrality 　　B.Objection　　C. Approval 　　D. Indifference

　　30.Which of the following is true about affirmative action according to the text?

　　A. A vast majority of people support it.

　　B. The minorities claim it to be a discriminatory policy.

　　C.The minority students are more likely to welcome it.

　　D. The Court's decision will certainly change people's attitude to it.

　　Text 3

　　What our society suffers from most today is the absence of consensus about what it and life in it ought to be. Such consensus cannot be gained from society's present stage, or from fantasies about what it ought to be. For that the present is too close and too diversified, and the future too uncertain, to make believable claims about it. A consensus in the present hence can be achieved only through a shared understanding of the past, as Homer's epics （史詩） informed those who lived centuries later what it meant to be Greek, and by what images and ideals they were to live their lives and organize their societies.

　　Most societies derive consensus from a long history, a language all their own, a common religion, common ancestry. The myths by which they live are based on all of these. But the United States is a country of immigrants, coming from a great variety of nations. Lately, it has been emphasized that an asocial, narcissistic （自我陶醉的） personality has become characteristic of Americans, and that it is this type of personality that makes for the lack of well-being, because it prevents us from achieving consensus that would counteract a tendency to withdraw into private worlds. In his study of narcissism, Christopher Lasch says that modern man, "tortured by selfconsciousness, turns to new therapies not to free himself of his personal worries but to find meaning and purpose in life, to find something to live for". There is widespread distress because national morale has declined, and we have lost an earlier sense of national vision and purpose.

　　Contrary to rigid religions or political beliefs, as are found in totalitarian （極權(quán)主義的） societies, our culture is one of great individual differences, at least in principle and in theory. But this leads to disunity, even chaos. Americans believe in the value of diversity, but just because ours is a society based on individual diversity, it needs consensus about some dominating ideas more than societies based on uniform origin of their citizens. Hence, if we are to have consensus, it must be based on a myth—a vision—about a common experience, a conquest that made us Americans, as the myth about the conquest of Troy formed the Greeks. Only a common myth can offer relief from the fear that life is without meaning or purpose. Myths permit us to examine our place in the world by comparing it to a shared idea. Myths are shared fantasies that form the tie that binds the individual to other members of his group. Such myths help to ward off feelings of isolation, guilt, anxiety, and purposelessness—in short, they combat isolation and the breakdown of social standards and values.

　　31.In the author's view, the greatest trouble with the US society lies in the .

　　A. lack of serious disagreement over the organizations of social life

　　B. non-existence of unanimity on the forms the society should take

　　C. general denying of its conformity with what it was unexpected to be

　　D. public negation of the consensus on how to conduct social reforms

　　32.Homer's epics mentioned in Paragraph 1 exemplify the fact that .

　　A.the present is varying too fast to be caught up easily

　　B.the future may be so indefinite as to be unpredictable

　　C.the past can help to shape a consensus in the present

　　D.the past determines social moralities for later generations

　　33.The asocial personality of Americans results from .

　　A.the multiracial constituents of the US society

　　B.the absence of a common religion and ancestry

　　C.the want of shared myths they possess in life

　　D.the obstruction of achieving a general agreement

　　34.It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that Christopher Lasch is most probably .

　　A.an earnest nationalist 　　B.an advanced psychologist

　　C.a radical reformer 　　　D.a social historian

　　35.The author concludes that only shared myths can help Americans .

　　A.to bring about the uniformity of their culture

　　B.to diminish their great individual differences

　　C.to avoid the sense of being isolated and anxious

　　D.to regain the feelings of social values and morale

　　Text 4

　　Perhaps most puzzling than purring is the cat's ability to survive falls. A research shed light on this ability in 1987. The cat's habit of falling out of open windows provided the researchers with an opportunity to study 115 cats that had fallen from highrise apartments in New York City. The average fall was 5.5 stories. Of the 115 cats studied, 90 percent survived, including one cat that fell 32 stories on to a sidewalk and suffered only mild chest injury and a chipped tooth.Interestingly, cats that fell from 9 or more stories suffered fewer injuries than those falling from lower heights. Among cats that fell from 9 to 32 stories, only 5 percent suffered fatal injuries, but 10 percent of those that fell from 7 or fewer stories died.

　　How do cats manage to take falling so easily? For one thing, in comparison to human beings, a cat is much smaller and lighter. Also, a cat has more body surface area in proportion to its weight than a human being has. This increase in surface area results in greater air resistance, which slows the fall.The important thing,however, is that a falling cat apparently positions itself to form a sort of parachute. Less than one second after it starts to fall, a cat quickly rights itself in midair with all four legs pointing downward. The cat's inner ears act like an internal gyroscope, telling the cat which direction it is falling. With the legs pointed downward, the cat then spreads its legs so that its body forms a sort of parachute that increases air resistance. With its limbs flexed, the cat also cushions the force of impact by landing on all four legs. The force of the impact is distributed through the muscles and joints.

　　The researchers believe that the parachute effect comes into play mainly above four stories, at the point where the cat has reached its greatest rate of descent. Of the 115 cats the researchers studied, only 1 of 13 that fell nine or more stories sustained a bone fracture, whereas most of the cats that fell from lower stories suffered some type of broken bone.

　　36�盜n the research it was found that the cats tend to suffer injuries or die when they fell from .

　　A.the highest story of the building

　　B.the lowest story of the building

　　C.the middle stories of the building

　　D.the fourth to seventh stories of the building

　　37�盩he key to the cat's survival of high falling lies in .

　　A.its body size 　　　B.the size of its body surface

　　C.its body weight 　　D.its posture in the falling

　　38�盋ats that fall from high places .

　　A.take some time to adjust itself in midair

　　B.always spread itself as fully as possible

　　C.look like the shapes of parachutes

　　D.points their ears to the falling direction

　　39�盩he parachute effect starts .

　　A.in the middle of the cat's fall

　　B.when its fall reaches the highest speed

　　C.at the beginning of the cat's fall

　　D.towards the end of the cat's fall

　　40�盇ccording to the passage,which part of the cat's body touches the ground first when it falls from high buildings?

　　A.Head B.Bottom C.Neck D.Legs

　　Part B

　　Directions:

　　In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41—45, choose the most suitable one from the list A—G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices,which do not fit in any of the gaps.

　　The history of life on earth has been a history of interaction between living things and their surroundings. To a large extent, the physical form and the habits of the earth's vegetation and its animal life have been molded by the environment. Considering the whole span of earthly time, the opposite effect, in which life actually modifies its surroundings, has been relatively slight. 41）_________________________

　　During the past quarter century this power has not only become increasingly great but it has changed in character. The most alarming of all man's assaults upon the environment is the contamination of air, earth, rivers, and sea with dangerous and even lethal materials. This pollution is for the most part irrecoverable. 42）_______________. Chemicals sprayed on croplands or forests or gardens lie long in soil, entering into living organisms, passing from one to another in a chain of poisoning and death. Or they pass mysteriously by underground streams until they emerge and combine into new forms that kill vegetation, sicken cattle, and work unknown harm on those who drink from once pure wells. "Man can hardly even recognize the devils of his own creation," as a scientist has said.

　　It took hundreds of millions of years to produce the life that now inhabits the earth. 43）_________________________________________________.

　　44）_____________________________________________________. Radiation is now the unnatural creation of man's tampering with the atom. The chemicals are the synthetic creations of man's inventive mind, having no counterparts in nature.

　　45）_____________________________________________. And even this, were it by some miracle possible, would be futile, for the new chemicals come from our laboratories in an endless stream; almost five hundred annually find their way into actual use in the United States alone. Among them are many that are used in man's war against nature. Since the mid 1940's over 200 basic chemicals have been created for use in killing insects, weeds, and other organisms described as "pests."

　　[A]The rapidity of change follows the impetuous pace of man rather than the deliberate pace of nature.

　　[B]Future generations are unlikely to forgive our lack of concern for the integrity of the natural world that supports all life.

　　[C]Only in the present century has one species man acquired significant power to alter the nature of his world.

　　[D]I do contend that we have put poisonous and biologically potent chemicals indiscriminately into the hands of persons largely or wholly ignorant of their potentials for harm.

　　[E]In this now universal contamination of the environment, chemicals are the sinister partners of radiation in changing the very nature of the world the very nature of its life.

　　[F]Given time not in years but in millennia life adjusts, and a balance has been reached. But in the modern world there is no time.

　　[G]To adjust to these chemicals would require not merely the years of a man's life but the life of generations.

　　Part C

　　Directions:

　　Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. （10 points）

　　April the 3rd was the day we attempted to reach Mount Everest. The morning saw us all up and rushing about the camp at daybreak. We bumped down the nine miles of dusty track, each clutching a camera or one of the more delicate instruments to our chests in an endeavor to make our bodies absorb as many of the shocks from the bumpy track as possible. The ground staff were already busy on our arrival. 46）The sheds where the aircraft were kept had been opened and the great machines were being manhandled out onto the runway. The bottles of oxygen were carefully placed in their clips and connected to the system. 47） The vertical cameras were fitted and tested, air frames and engines were inspected and tested in every detail.

　　Pilots and observers cared greatly about their equipment, trying on oxygen masks which they had tried on many times before, readjusted to a nicety. They then rechecked the charts which had been carefully prepared to allow accurately for the increasing wind speeds during the climb—all trying to keep themselves occupied during that tense half-hour wait for the return of the reconnaissance machine.

　　48）There had been so much preparation for this flight, and there was still so much of the unknown about it, that the crews could not help being slightly affected by the general excitement. Waiting is always unpleasant, and we were all relieved to see the reconnaissance machine diving down through the dust haze. The Air Commodore who commanded it brought welcome news. 49）Though he had been unable to climb above the dust, he had been able to see towards the mountains through the top of the haze and there was a cloudless sky. This was splendid: no cloud to spoil the photography.

　　We had promised not to attempt the flight if the wind exceeded 40 miles an hour, but this was the first time we had found the wind under 100 miles an hour. 50）We worked out the implications and reckoned that, provided we did not spend more than fifteen minutes at the summit, we could get back inside our petrol endurance. We might wait for days and weeks and not get another opportunity. The Air Commodore weighed the position carefully and gave the word "Go".

　　Section Ⅲ Writing

　　Part A

　　51.Directions:

　　You are a secretary in a corporation. Now you are supposed to write a letter to a raw material supplier requiring for detailed information of their products. The letter must involve:

　　1）express your interest with their product,

　　2）ask for the detailed information,

　　3）a wish for possible business cooperation in the future.

　　You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your name at the end of the letter. Use "Jane Green" instead. You do not need to write the address. （10 points）

　　Part B

　　52.Directions:

　　Study the following picture carefully and write an essay to

　　1）describe the picture and interpret its meaning

　　2）give your comment on the phenomenon.

　　You should write about 200 words neatly.

　　SectionⅠUse of English

　　1. D.從句的謂語部分“由一些表面跡象組成的”可以看出前后含有整體與部分的關(guān)系。選項（D） whole（整個）符合句意。complete意為“完整的”，full意為“全面的”，total意為“總體上”，強調(diào)數(shù)量。

　　2. B.“通過（依據(jù)）膚色判斷種族”。當選介詞from.

　　3. B.該句為虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu)，應該選擇if，表示條件。選項（A）、（C）、（D）不合語法。

　　4. C.此處隱含“說出，講出”的意思，選項（C）正確。其余三項意思不妥，可排除。

　　5. C.從下文的詳細說明可以看出在physical structure， the brain or the internal organs上是說不出任何東西的，此處應選擇否定詞nothing，故（C）正確。

　　6. B.句意判斷此處應為“指出，預示”，選項（B）正確。其余幾項不合句意。

　　7. A.下文說no type is distinct to any race“沒有哪一種血型是哪一個人種所特有的”，那么就說明四種血型在每一個人種中都存在。故選（A）。

　　8. A.空格前的定冠詞the限定了對選項A的選擇。

　　9. D.此處談論大腦大小不一，vary“多種多樣，不同”，符合題意，選項（A）、（B）、（C）意思不妥。

　　10. C.選擇該項之前，應搞清楚大腦的大小與人的智力到底有無關(guān)系，從下文所舉的兩個例子判斷，應該是沒有關(guān)系，所以選擇否定連詞nor.

　　11. A.選項（B）、（C）、（D）不合題意。ever“曾經(jīng)”，修飾examined，構(gòu)成分詞短語，作定語。故（A）正確。

　　12. C.此處說明大腦的大小與智力的關(guān)系，所以應該選擇mind（智力，智能）和weak連用，意為“弱智”。其余幾項不合題意。

　　13. B.作者再舉例進一步說明大腦的大小與人的智力無關(guān)。此處從句意分析應指大腦的“小”，（B）正確。minor意為“次要的，不重要的”，不妥。

　　14. D.測試應用“精確”一詞來形容，故選（D）。

　　15. C.選項（B）、（D）不合題意，可首先排除。選項（A）、（C）意義相同，用法不同。Provided后要跟that引導的從句，that可省略，而Given后可以跟名詞或短語性短語、獨立結(jié)構(gòu)等，故選項（C）正確。

　　16. B.選項（C）、（D）不合題意，選項（A）搭配不對，選項（B）正確。

　　17. A.選項（B）、（C）、（D）不合邏輯，或不合句意，均應排除，故（A）正確。

　　18. B.由上文的change the response of a group of people推斷，此處應選擇peculiar（特別的、特殊的）。

　　19. A.因定語前有something一詞，可排除（B）、（C）、（D）三項，該句為that引導的定語從句結(jié)構(gòu)。

　　20. D. in the past為習語，表示“在過去，以前”。

　　SectionⅢReading Comprehension

　　Part A

　　Text 1

　　詞語注釋

　　mount裝上，登上

　　limb四肢

　　paralysis癱瘓；麻痹

　　virtual虛擬的，事實上的

　　layout布局

　　prototype原型

　　tap into挖掘

　　interaction互動

　　underscore底線，下劃線；強調(diào)

　　alphabet字母表

　　successive連續(xù)的，接連不斷的

　　combination組合

　　sequence順序，序列

　　bring up（本文）使……出來

　　文章概要

　　本文向大家介紹了一種新型的軟件，這種軟件能夠使眼睛完成打字工作。

　　Para.1：研究人員開發(fā)出一種能夠使眼睛完成打字工作的軟件。

　　Para.2：該段介紹了這種新軟件的工作過程及原理。

　　Para.3：介紹這種新軟件的工作效率。

　　答案點評

　　21.C文章介紹的這種最新的軟件，可以讓人們通過眼睛的活動，在電腦中輸入文字。因此主要面對的用戶是那些四肢活動有障礙的人。四個選項中最合適的是C. inability to move.

　　22.B第一段介紹，用眼睛輸入主要依靠安裝在計算機上的可以掃描眼睛活動的照相機。

　　23.B文章第一段介紹，Replacing a keyboard or mouse, eye-scanning cameras mounted on computers have become necessary tools for people without limbs or those affected with paralysis.該軟件的受惠者主要是那些四肢不能動，或者癱瘓的病人。

　　24.B文章第一段末尾介紹，該軟件可以和任何有掃描眼睛活動功能的照相機兼容，但是用戶使用過程中必須盡量保持一動不動的姿勢。Any off-the-shelf camera capable of scanning eye movement can be used with Dasher, though the person must sit fairly still during the interaction.

　　25.C文章最后一段介紹，Researchers say people will be able to write up to 25 words per minute with Dasher compared to on-screen keyboards， which they say average about 15 words per minute.使用該軟件，每分鐘可以輸入25個單詞。

　　Text 2

　　詞語注釋

　　Supreme Court（美國）聯(lián)邦最高法院；最高法院overwhelming a.勢不可擋的，壓倒的

　　hail vt.向……歡呼，為……歡呼minority n.少數(shù)，少數(shù)派，少數(shù)票

　　ballot n.選票，投票總數(shù)ultimately ad.最后、最終

　　文章概要

　　本文主要討論的是美國在大學錄取過程中是否考慮種族因素。文中列出各個方面對此的反應。

　　Paras.1-3：持反對贊助性行動的各方都希望大學錄取過程中不考慮種族因素，或由選民投票決定是否將種族因素當作錄取條件。

　　Para.4：民意測驗顯示公眾在種族問題上也意見不一致。

　　Para.5：關(guān)于錄取中種族因素的政策的前景依然未知。

　　答案點評

　　26.A第一段第一句提到，反對贊助性行動（affirmative action）的人說，雖然最高法院星期一做出裁決，支持大學錄取不同種族的學生，但是，圍繞大學錄取過程中是否考慮種族因素的爭議還沒有結(jié)束。第三段具體提到了反對贊助性行動的人的看法，他們認為大學錄取時不應該考慮種族因素（race-neutral）。由此推斷，支持贊助性行動的人則是擔心錄取過程會出現(xiàn)種族歧視，因此才要求大學保證招收一定比例的少數(shù)民族學生。

　　27.A第一段提到，反對者們說，這項裁決可能帶來更多（學生）的訴訟，他們聲稱要給教育部民權(quán)處施加壓力，迫使他們調(diào)查有問題的（招生）政策。“我們指的是那些招生、獎學金審批或其他方面偏向少數(shù)民族學生的政策……，或者那些用相當不一致的標準決定錄取的政策。”反對者的觀點在第三段表達得更清楚。

　　28.B在第二段Connerly說，我們也許應該讓密執(zhí)安州的選民們來決定他們是否贊同將種族當做錄取因素。在本段中，他還提到了加利福尼亞州的例子，顯然肯定了該州的做法：在公共教育、錄用和招聘人員的過程中不考慮種族和性別因素（誰夠格就錄取誰，不論男女，不管何種種族）。

　　29.B第三段提到，與布什總統(tǒng)反對贊助性行動的立場（stance）一致，美國教育部長Paige說，教育部將“繼續(xù)審查并強調(diào)有效的種族中立政策，確保公立大學（public institution）招收學生的廣泛代表性和多樣化”。

　　30.C倒數(shù)第二段提到，公眾在種族問題上也意見不一致。在這項裁決被通過的幾天前所做的一項民意測驗顯示，49%的成年人說擁護贊助性行動，而43%的人表示反對，而黑人和拉美裔的美國人比白人贊成的人數(shù)要多得多。

　　Text 3

　　詞語注釋

　　consensus n.一致、合意、輿論immigrant n.移民

　　torture n.v.折磨、痛苦、苦惱diversity n.多樣性

　　conquest n.征服、贏得、獲得conquer v.征服、攻克、戰(zhàn)勝

　　morale n.士氣、風紀、精神

　　文章概要

　　本文介紹了美國人對未來生活目的不能做出共識及剖析其中原因，進而說明美國社會組成結(jié)構(gòu)及現(xiàn)狀對它的影響。

　　Para.1：說明美國對未來生活目的不能作出共識。

　　Para.2：由Lasch的研究推測原因。

　　Para.3：對比極權(quán)社會及現(xiàn)狀進一步闡述其中的原因。

　　答案點評

　　31.B題干中的the greatest trouble （最大的難題）相當于本文第1句中的what…suffers from most （……遭遇的最大問題），故答案應與此句相符合。B項中的nonexistence of unanimity on （對……無一致意見）與句中的absence of consensus about同義；the forms the society should take（社會應是什么樣式）與句中的what is （指society）ought to be，雖表達形式不同，但意思一致，為正確答案。A項與題意相反，C項general denying （普通否認），D項的public negation （公眾的否定）都是錯誤的推論。

　　32.C該段第3句表明，以as （像……一樣）引入Homer's epics （荷馬史詩）就是要舉例證明其主句的說法。據(jù)此，C項可取。其余3項不合句意。

　　33.A題干中的asocial （不與人來往的，孤僻的）一詞出自第2段第3句。此段前幾句說明，社會的consensus （意識一致）來自共同的歷史、語言、信仰、祖先等，而美國是一個移民國家，無此基礎(chǔ)，這也就產(chǎn)生了美國人的asocial personality （孤僻的性格）。由此可見，A項說法正確。B、C兩項只是局部原因。D項說法籠統(tǒng)、模糊。

　　34.D第2段談到narcissism的起源，Lasch對它的研究，他對美國人目前的心態(tài)與過去的比較等，表明他是一位social historian（社會歷史學家），其余3項皆無依據(jù)。

　　35.C第3段第4句以下談到myth （story handed down from olden times， esp. concepts or beliefs about the early history of a race， etc.神話——即由古相傳的故事，尤指有關(guān)一個民族早期歷史的觀念或信仰等）。此段末句說，這些myths有助于ward off（=avoid避免）隔絕、內(nèi)疚、焦慮和失落感。由此可知，C項確切表達了此意，為正確答案。

　　Text 4

　　詞語注釋

　　pur發(fā)出呼嚕聲

　　opportunity機會；良機

　　comparison比較，相似

　　gyroscope旋轉(zhuǎn)器，回轉(zhuǎn)儀

　　cushion墊子；彈性物

　　parachute降落傘

　　文章概要

　　本文主要講述了貓下落時其身體所形成的降落傘效應。

　　Para.1：人們對貓在高空墜落中死里逃生的能力感到迷惑，并對此進行研究。

　　Para.2：該段解釋了貓從高空墜落而不致死亡的原因。

　　Para.3：解釋了貓為何從更低的地方下墜反而比從更高的地方下墜更容易死亡。

　　答案點評

　　36.D參考第一段最后兩句。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，從9層以上的樓層墜下的貓只有5%的傷亡，而從7層或7層以下墜落的貓卻有10%的傷亡�？忌鷳�該注意的��，同選擇項D相比，有關(guān)選擇項A、B、C表達的內(nèi)容文章未提供此項數(shù)據(jù)，因此很難判斷其正誤。

　　37.D文章第二段解釋了貓從高空墜落而不致死亡的原因。原因有幾方面：其一，貓身體較��；其二，就其重量而言，貓身體表面面積（body surface）大，相應地，其下落阻力大；其三，正如該段第五句所指出的，更重要的是貓下落時的姿勢，這一姿勢使下落的貓取得了一種降落傘效應，該效應增加了下落阻力，緩沖了下墜力（見該段最后兩句）。由以上分析可見，貓的大小、體重、表層面積雖然都有關(guān)系，但不是解釋貓高空下墜而存活的主要原因。

　　38.A降落傘效應是這樣形成的：在開始下降后不到一秒鐘的時間里，貓在空中迅速調(diào)整它的下落姿勢，使四腳向下，擺正身體（rights itself）。貓耳朵內(nèi)部有一個像回轉(zhuǎn)儀一樣的機制，告訴它下落的方向。然后，貓展開四肢，降落傘效應就形成了。B意為：“總是盡力舒展開身體”，原文提到的是貓展開四肢（spread its legs）；C意為：“看起來像個降落傘的形狀”，原文說的是形成（在功能方面）像個降落傘式的東西（form a sort of parachute）或具有降落傘效應（parachute effect），并非指形狀如降落傘；D意為：“將耳朵指向下降方向”。原文并未提到耳朵的方向。請參閱第二段第五至第八句。

　　39.B第三段第一句指出，快落到第四層時，貓的下降速度達到最高，這時，降落傘效應開始起作用（comes into play）。這里關(guān)鍵不在于下落到幾層，而在于下降速度是否達到最大這一狀態(tài)。

　　40�盌第二段倒數(shù)第二句：the cat also cushions the force of impact by landing on all four legs.

　　Part B

　　答案解析

　　41.C上文講的是生物與其環(huán)境相互作用，生命對環(huán)境的改變作用相對較小，C項討論的是同一內(nèi)容，指出20世紀以來人類才獲得了改變生存環(huán)境的力量。

　　42.E上文提到環(huán)境污染，下文的中心內(nèi)容是化學物質(zhì)，E項的this universal contamination與上文呼應，而引出的化學物質(zhì)問題又正是下文的內(nèi)容。

　　43.F根據(jù)上文，地球歷經(jīng)了許多億年才創(chuàng)造了棲息其上的生命，可知此段講的是時間因素，F(xiàn)與之切合。關(guān)鍵詞：time.

　　44.A下文講的是人類通過支配原子而得到輻射這一非自然的創(chuàng)造物。而且創(chuàng)造出自然界沒有的化學制品，可知本段的主要內(nèi)容正是A項所說的：環(huán)境改變的速度不再順從大自然從容不迫的節(jié)奏，而是順從人類急切匆匆的步伐。

　　45.G上文講的是化學制品，G項To adjust to these chemicals與上文承接，而下文的even this指的是G中的the life of generations.

　　文章大意：本文討論的是生物與環(huán)境之間的平衡危機。隨著人類改造大自然的能力不斷提高，人類與環(huán)境之間的平衡關(guān)系被打破了，特別是化學物質(zhì)的大量涌現(xiàn)，對自然提出嚴峻的挑戰(zhàn)。

　　Part C

　　參考譯文

　　46.放置飛行器的房間已經(jīng)打開，龐大的機器借助于人力移動到跑道上。

　　47.工作人員對直立式照相機進行安裝和測試，對飛行框架和引擎進行詳細檢查和測試。

　　48.工作人員為這次飛行做了大量的準備工作，但是仍然有很多的未知因素，因此，全體工作人員都不知不覺地受到了感染，群情激動。

　　49.雖然他沒能飛到塵土之上，他卻已經(jīng)能透過薄霧的頂端看到遠山和晴朗無云的天空了。

　　50.我們分析了所有的跡象，作出如下的推斷；如果我們在山頂待不超過十五分鐘的時間，我們就能夠在消耗有限燃油的情況下飛回。

　　Section Ⅲ Writing

　　參考作文

　　51.

　　Dear Sir,

　　We owe your name and address to Beijing Commercial Daily who has informed us that you are in the market for computer spare parts. We are an international corporation dealing with computer selling, thus we want to know more about your products.

　　Would you please send us details of various ranges, including types, sizes and prices, and if possible, also samples of different qualities of material used.

　　We have many branches abroad and all well-financed. Hopefully we two corporations would establish steady business friendship in the near future.

　　 Yours faithfully, Jane Green

　　 May 4th,2004

　　52.

　　Rome Was Not Built in a Day

　　Every year there comes a huge flux of graduates from colleges, and needless to say, every one of them yearns for a satisfactory job. Yet a cartoon takes me with a start, because it unfolds before us an appalling condition that most of us have never thought about. In that cartoon picture, you could see a job-hunter standing on the top of a hill. With the aid of a telescope, he cranes his neck beholding far into the distance in search of a good job. Despite his efforts and perspirations, his search turns out to be in vain. "Why the hell is it so difficult to find a good job!" he says to himself. While at the foot of the hill, a man of the recruiting party is walking to and fro in a fretful manner. He is badly in need of specified experts, but there is no applicant at all. Obviously perplexed by such a situation, he asks himself why nobody applies for such a good job.

　　This is a prevailing phenomenon of nowadays. The job-hunters are always aiming too high, and tend to overlook the suitable and ready jobs just ahead. What hinders the way of their employment is not the shortage of posts in the job-market, but their own state of mind. The so-called good job not only promises a big salary, it demands adroit skills as well. And what's more, it is almost impossible to make a fortune overnight.

　　So my friends, do bear this saying in your mind: "Rome was not built in a day". Beautiful dreams are to be fulfilled little by little.