D. he lost his Excalibur.

　　Text 2

　　In another sign that Hispanics will dominate California's future, a university study has found the ethnic group accounted for nearly half of all births in the state by the end of the last decade. Hispanic mothers had 247,796 of the 521,265 children born in California in 1998, or 47.5 percent, according to the University of California, Los Angeles study released in December 2001. Non-Hispanic Whites had 33.9 percent, followed by Asians and Pacific Islanders with 10.7 percent. Blacks represented 6.8 percent of births and American Indians a half-percent of all births. California's future economic health depends upon those Hispanics, who soon will be the majority of young adults and hence the working force, says David Hayes-Bautista, director of the Center for the Study of Latino Health and Culture at UCLA.

　　The study, based on state health department statistics, confirms the ethnic shift that made 201 the year California officially lost its White majority. The U.S. Census showed that Hispanics made up nearly a third while non-Hispanic Whites slipped to less than half of the state's total population of 33.9 million. California's experience is part of a"sea change"in the United States, where 23 states already have Hispanics as their largest ethnic minority. Dr. Harry Pachon says,"Hispanics are becoming more prominent in everything from movies to politics, and that is good for the state. If there was no penetration of social and political institutions, then you would have an isolated minority and that's a recipe for social unrest. On the other hand, by the third generation one of every two Hispanics have married outside of their ethnic group. There's a Latinization of America but there's also an Americanization of Latinos. By third generation, a lot of them are losing their Spanish, they prefer American NFL to soccer."

　　Overall, nearly 65 percent of all Hispanic mothers were immigrants, ranking them second to Asian and Pacific Islanders at more than 84 percent. The babies tend to grow up healthy as well. Studies have shown that at virtually all stages of life, Hispanics, at least in California, Arizona and Texas, tended to suffer fewer major health problems, such as heart attacks, cancer and strokes, than other ethnic groups, Hayes Bautista noted. Only about 15 percent of Hispanic mothers were 19 years old or younger. By comparison nearly 17 percent of Blacks and 19 percent of American Indians were teenagers. Non-Hispanic Whites had a figure of nearly 7 percent.

　　26. Hispanic mothers had of the babies born in California in 1998.

　　A. 50%　　B. 47.5%　　C. 33.9%　　D. 10.7%

　　27. David Hayes Bautista believes that .

　　A. Hispanics will become the backbone of future Californian economy

　　B. the white culture will dominate California's future

　　C. the state government should keep control on the population growth

　　D. the population distribution should be somehow re-arranged

　　28. According to the text, we can infer that occupies the largest percentage of the population.

　　A. Hispanics　　B. non-Hispantc whites

　　C. Blacks　　　D. American Indians

　　29. Which of the following statements is Dr. Harry Pachon most likely to agree with?

　　A. It's good that Hispanics are more involved in politics.

　　B. Social unrest is more likely to occur when one ethnic group becomes overpowering.

　　C. Hispanics are more likely to marry within their own ethnic group.

　　D. Latinization of America is taking place faster than the Americanization of Latinos.

　　30. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

　　A. The percentage of immigrant Hispanic mothers is the highest among all ethnic groups.

　　B. Hispanic babies all over the United States are typically healthier than other babies.

　　C. Non-Hispanic White mothers are the least likely to be teenagers.

　　D. Nearly 19 percent of Blacks were teenagers.

　　Text 3

　　To produce the upheaval in the United States that changed and modernized the domain of higher education from the mid 1860's to the mid 1800's, three primary causes interacted. The emergence of a half dozen leaders in education provided the personal force that was needed. Moreover, an outcry for a fresher, more practical, and more advanced kind of instruction arose among the alumni and friends of nearly all of the old colleges and grew into a movement that overrode all conservative opposition. The aggressive "Young Yale" movement appeared, demanding partial alumni control, a more liberal spirit, and a broader course of study. The graduates of Harvard College simultaneously rallied to relieve the college's poverty and demand new enterprise. Education was pushing toward higher standards in the East by throwing off church leadership everywhere, and in the West by finding a wider range of studies and a new sense of public duty.

　　The old-style classical education received its most crushing blow in the citadel of Harvard College, where Dr. Charles Eliot, a young captain of thirty-five, son of a former treasure of Harvard, led the progressive forces. Five revolutionary advances were made during the first years of Dr. Eliot's administration. They were the elevation and amplification of entrance requirements, the enlargement of the curriculum and the development of the elective system, the recognition of graduate study in the liberal arts, the raising of professional training in law, medicine, and the fostering of greater maturity in student life. Standards of admission were sharply advanced in 1872~1873 and 1876~1877. By the appointment of a dean to take charge of student affairs, and a wise handling of discipline, the undergraduates were led to regard themselves more as young gentlemen and less as young animals. One new course of study after another was opened up: science, music, the history of the fine arts, advanced Spanish, political economy, physics, classical philology, and international law.

　　31.Which of the following is the author's main purpose in writing the passage?

　　A.To present the history of Harvard College and compare it with that of Yale University.

　　B.To criticize the conditions of the U.S. universities in the 19th century.

　　C.To describe innovations in the U.S. higher education in the latter 1800's.

　　D.To introduce what was happening in major U. S. universities before the turn of the century.

　　32.According to the passage, the educational changes were the result of 

　　A.plans developed by conservative and church leaders.

　　B.efforts of interested individuals to redefine the educational system.

　　C.the demands of social organization seeking financial relief.

　　D.rallies held by westerners wanting to compete with eastern schools.

　　33.Before the change, Harvard 

　　A.was short of financial aid.

　　B.offered a narrower range of subjects.

　　C.was not strict with its students.

　　D.all of the above.

　　34.From the passage, which of the following can be inferred about Harvard College before progressive changes occurred?

　　A.Admission standards were lower.

　　B.Students were younger.

　　C.Classes ended earlier.

　　D.Courses were more practical.

　　35.Which of the following is NOT included in Dr. Eliot's reform program?

　　A.Diversification of the courses offered.

　　B.Elevation of the admissions standards.

　　C.Enlargement of the enrollment.

　　D.Enforced professional training in some field.

　　Text 4

　　The ocean bottom, a region nearly 2.5 times greater than the total land area of the Earth—is a vast frontier that even today is largely unexplored and uncharted. Until about a century ago, the deep-ocean floor was completely inaccessible, hidden beneath waters averaging over 3,600 meters deep. Totally without light and subjected to intense pressures hundreds of times greater than at the Earth's surface, the deep-ocean bottom is a hostile environment to humans, in some ways as forbidding and remote as the void of outer space.

　　Although researchers have taken samples of deep-ocean rocks and sediments for over a century, the first detailed global investigation of the ocean bottom did not actually start until 1969, with the beginning of the National Science Foundation's Deep Sea Drilling Project(DSDP). Using techniques first developed for the offshore oil and gas industry, the DSDP's drill ship, the Glomar Challenger, was able to maintain a steady position on the ocean's surface and drill in very deep waters, extracting samples of sediments and rock from the ocean floor.

　　The Glomar Challenger completed 96 voyages in a 15-year research program that ended in November 1983. During this time, the vessel logged 600,000 kilometers and took almost 20,000 core samples of seabed sediments and rocks at 624 drilling sites around the world. The Glomar Challenger's core samples have allowed geologists to reconstruct what the planet looked like hundreds of millions of years ago and to calculate what it will probably look like millions of years in the future. Today, largely on the strength of evidence gathered during the Glomar Challenger's voyages, nearly all earth scientists agree on the theories of plate tectonics and continental drift that explain many of the geological processes that shape the Earth.

　　The cores of sediment drilled by the Glomar Challenger have also yielded information critical to understanding the world's past climates. Deep-ocean sediments provide a climatic record stretching back hundreds of millions of years, because they are largely isolated from the mechanical erosion and the intense chemical and biological activity that rapidly destroy much land-based evidence of past climates. This record has already provided insights into the patterns and causes of past climatic change…information that may be used to predict future climates.

　　36.The author refers to the ocean bottom as a "frontier" in line 2 because it .

　　A. is not a popular area for scientific research

　　B. contains a wide variety of life forms

　　C. attracts courageous explorers

　　D. is an unknown territory

　　37.The author mentions outer space because .

　　A. the Earth's climate millions of years ago was similar to conditions in outer space

　　B. it is similar to the ocean floor in being alien to the human environment

　　C. rock formations in outer space are similar to those found on the ocean floor

　　D. techniques used by scientists to explore outer space were similar to those used in ocean exploration

　　38.Which of the following is true of the Clomar Challenger?

　　A. It is a type of submarine.

　　B. It is an ongoing project.

　　C. It has gone on over 100 voyages.

　　D. It made its first DSDP voyage in 1968.

　　39.The DSDP was significant because it was .

　　A. an attempt to find new sources of oil and gas

　　B. the first extensive exploration of the ocean bottom

　　C. composed of geologists from all over the world

　　D. funded entirely by the gas and oil industry

　　40.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as being a result of the Deep sea Drilling Project?

　　A. Geologists were able to determine the Earth's appearance hundreds of millions of years ago.

　　B. Two geological theories became more widely accepted by scientists.

　　C. Information was revealed about the Earth's past climatic changes.

　　D. Geologists observed forms of marine life never before seen.

　　Part B

　　Directions:

　　In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41—45,choose the most suitable one from the list A—G to fit into each of the numbered blank.There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps.

　　At Columbia University, where I taught economics for many years before coming to China, most of my students spent a great deal of time in volunteer work. They taught poor children in the local neighborhoods, they visited the elderly in hospitals and at home and helped them with their shopping, they worked to preserve historic sites and places of beauty, they cleaned up waste dumps, they prepared food for the hungry, they created and ran student newspapers, they organized concerts and artistic events, they acted as translators for migrant workers, they formed political pressure groups, they raised money to combat AIDS, malaria, and other diseases, and so on.

　　As part of that tradition I do volunteer work here in Beijing, just as I did in New York, but I find that my students at Tsinghua University and at other schools in Beijing are much less involved in volunteering then I had expected. In part, of course, this reflects the heavier workload in Chinese schools, which leaves less time for outside activities. But I think there is more to it than just this. I think it also reflects a very different system, in which volunteer work for students here is usually organized or sponsored by government, schools, or other official groups, rather than by the students themselves. 41)________.

　　This is unfortunate. I think it would be better both for them and for society if Chinese students took the initiative to decide what kinds of problems or issues they felt to be of importance, and then played a more active role in organizing the work. 42)___________.

　　But there are at least two other important reasons for doing volunteer work. The first is that you can learn a lot about yourself and about your abilities by organizing, taking on responsibilities, deciding on objectives, and fulfilling them. 43)____________________.

　　This is an important lesson. Many of my students here work very hard, but their attitude towards their work is not always a healthy one. They do the work not because they love it or feel that it is exciting but rather because it is expected of them, and they will get rewarded (or at least not punished) if they do it. With charitable work there is no explicit reward. You work because you have goals, and in the end the only judge of your work is yourself. 44)_______________________________________________.It also forces you to think about what you are doing and the best way to accomplish your objectives. You are no longer simply doing something because your teacher or your boss told you to do it.

　　The second important reason for charitable work is that it changes your relationship with your society. Sometimes I feel that many of the people I meet here don't really appreciate the greatness of China and the excitement of the process through which it is currently living. The Chinese are well-known for being nationalistic, but sometimes I think this nationalism has more to do with distrust of foreigners than with love of country. Many of my friends and students simply do not know very much about their own country, and often seem unhappy with or embarrassed by certain aspects of China.

　　45)_________________________________________. For example, if you help the children of migrant workers with their education, you will quickly realize that poor migrant workers should not be seen as an embarrassment to Beijing. On the contrary, they are a great strength, and their stories are part of a huge and dramatic experiment that China is undergoing. In a small way by working with migrant children you can help make the experiment a success.

　　[A]I think that if they had spent more time engaged in activities outside of school and family such as doing volunteer work, they would feel very differently.

　　[B]This changes the way you think about work and about your responsibilities to yourself and others.

　　[C]You will realize how future events can have just as big an impact on your life and those of your friends and family.

　　[D]This means that many students here in Beijing think of volunteering as something that must be done to please teachers, bosses, or other figures of authority, rather than because of a desire to address a problem about which they have thought very deeply

　　[E]When you work closely with others who are less fortunate than you, or when you set a local goal and work to accomplish it, you see directly how your actions can affect the world around you.

　　[F]If you are interested in volunteer work you don't have to wait for your school, your teachers, or officials on television to tell you what to do.

　　[G]There are many reasons why this would be good. The most obvious reason, of course, is that we all have obligations towards our society, and volunteer work is one way of repaying this obligation.

　　Part C

　　Directions:

　　Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)

　　So precious to us is "home" that, like other precious things, the word is constantly subject to the corruption of commercial misuse. One does well to fear a restaurant that boasts of "home cooking", and if ever there was a home that one felt reluctant to enter because it was so utterly unhomelike it is a funeral home. 46) Nevertheless, we have to guard against our own suggestibility: making "home" stand for so much that is good in life turns it into a goal that thousands of manufacturers of domestic appliances are eager to exploit. In advertising terms, "home" equals "buy". If we Americans are tireless self-improvers, we are also tireless consumers, readily tempted to suppose that if only we buy the right garden hose, the right vacuum cleaner, the right automatic overhead garage-door opener we will surely have created home, sweet home. 47) The so-called shelter magazines woo us with the idea of shelter not so much for ourselves as for the possessions that we are encouraged to share habitable space with. 48) Nowadays, architects provide in their plans for new houses what they call a "family room", but the family itself is often hard-pressed to defend its territorial rights against the intrusion of objects that it has found itself unable to resist. The willingness to become a couch potato may deepen upon finding an area big enough to contain a couch, especially as TV sets approach the size of Steinways and even the once modestly scaled telephone is replaced by a combined telephone, message keeper, intercom, computer printer, and fax machine. A typical ad will show a family in the family room winsomely going over some new toy that the advertiser claims is indispensable to bliss. 49) But the toy might be a chemical spray that will remove wine stains from carpets at a single swipe, or a burglar-alarm system whose sensors can detect the motions of a mouse in labor.

　　But wait. Acquiring so many visible symbols of domestic contentment can be hazardous. To our dismay, we soon discover how close a house we own can come to owning us. Emerson said, "Things are in the saddle, and ride mankind," and in roughly the same fashion the things that fill a house from cellar to attic can tyrannize its occupants. 50) We are enslaved not only in respect to mortgages, property taxes, and utility charges but also in respect to the innumerable tyrant things that have it in them to break, or break down, or get lost, or lose their lustre, or grow too greatly cherished.

　　Section Ⅲ Writing

　　Part A

　　51.Directions:

　　You are a senior majored in Sociology, and writing to a university abroad to inquire admission abroad. The letter should include:

　　1)your purpose of writing the letter

　　2)your study experience and major advantages

　　3)ask about basic information of the professors concerning sociology and something about scholarship.

　　You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your name at the end of the letter. Use "Jane Green" instead. You do not need to write the address. (10 points)

　　Part B

　　52.Directions:

　　(1)Title: Challenge

　　(2)Your composition should be based on the Outlines below.

　　Outlines:

　　(1)Everyone meets with challenges now and then.

　　(2)Different men treat challenges differently.

　　(3)How I think we should treat challenges.

參　考　答　案

　　SectionⅠUse of English

　　1�盇�眕rocesses

　　life processes意為“生命歷程”。modes指“方式，方法”；procedure指“程序，手續(xù)，常規(guī)”。

　　2�盌�盉y

　　By itself為固定用法，意思是“獨自地，單獨地”。

　　3�盇�盨tripped

　　A項strip“脫去，剝?nèi)ァ薄�B項pare“削去；修剪，（逐步）削除”。C項peel“去（皮或殼等）”。D項remove“移動”。

　　4�盉�眎mpressive

　　這句話的意思是“當(dāng)人類處于赤裸狀態(tài)時，看起來比別的動物并不優(yōu)越多少，給人的印象并不深刻”。intelligent“聰明的，有智力的”；influential“有影響力的”；incentive“刺激的，誘發(fā)的”；均不符合題意。

　　5�盋�眓early

　　nearly表示“幾乎，將近”；barely， scarcely， hardly表示“簡直沒有，幾乎不”。

　　6�盌�眘ense

　　in…sense為固定用法，意思是“從某種意義上說”。例如：in the literal/strict sense就字面/精確的意義而言。

　　7�盇�眀et

　　bet意義是“打賭”，暗指不確定的事物。

　　這句話的意思是“如果僅從肉體的意義上看，人類很難生存下來”。

　　8�盇�眆illed

　　A項fill“注滿，用……裝滿”。B項load“裝載；大量供給”。C項stuff“塞入，塞滿”。D項scatter“分散，散開”。

　　fill the earth指“遍布地球”；強調(diào)分布范圍之廣。

　　9�盉�眂olony

　　從下文中可找到提示：“Inhabitants of our eventual moon colony will bring their own food…”

　　10�盌�盜n spite of

　　apart from、with the exception of的意思是“除……之外”。

　　with regard to“關(guān)于”；in spite of“盡管”。

　　根據(jù)題意，應(yīng)選擇表示讓步關(guān)系的in spite of.

　　11�盉�眕otentials

　　這句話的意思是“雖然我們的肉體有很多局限性，但它也有一些重要的潛力”。

　　ability（能力）、capability（能力；才能）、possibility（可能性，概率）均不符合題意。

　　12�盋�眒anipulate

　　A項maneuver“調(diào)遣，用計策”。B項manage“處理，管理”。C項manipulate“手工操縱”。D項manufacture“機器制造”。

　　13�盇�盿nimal

　　any other后應(yīng)接可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)。如：He is taller than any other boy.

　　14�盇�眎nfinite

　　infinite無窮的，無法計量的。

　　15�盇�眂onnections

　　neural connections指“神經(jīng)細(xì)胞間的連結(jié)，聯(lián)系”。

　　relation指“具體關(guān)系”，如：family relations家庭關(guān)系。

　　activities（活動），access（通路進入）顯然不合題意，所以正確答案為A項。

　　16�盌.by

　　by表示方式，方法。

　　supply通常用在“supply sb. with sth.， supply sth. for sb.”表達法中。

　　17�盇�盿rtificial

　　A項artificial人工的，非天然的；虛偽的。B項fake假的，偽造的。C項unreal不真實的。D項unauthentic無根據(jù)的，不確實的。

　　18�盋�眒ake up

　　make up deficits的意思是“彌補不足”。

　　19�盉�眛hus

　　thus在這里作副詞，意思是“這樣”，相當(dāng)于so.

　　20�盌�眂ulture

　　前文曾多次提到culture，如第四段第一句“We have used this physical equipment to create culture…”，第四段最后一句“With culture， we can overcome our natural limitations.”

　　SectionⅡReading Comprehension

　　Text 1

　　詞語注釋

　　highlight n.最精彩的場面，最后重要的部分

　　liaison n.私通；（尤指軍隊中的）聯(lián)絡(luò)；[語]連音

　　duchess n.公爵夫人，女公爵；容貌威嚴(yán)的妻子

　　knight n.（歐州中世紀(jì)）騎士；武士；爵士

　　chivalrous a.勇武的；有騎士氣概的

　　culminate vi.達到頂點vt.使達到頂點

　　文章概要

　　本文主要介紹了傳說中的King Arthur一生中幾個重要事情，來描述他傳奇的一生。

　　Para.1：King Arthur的傳奇故事流傳甚遠。

　　Paras.2-4：分三段描述了有關(guān)King Arthur三個事件：石里拔劍繼承王位，找到the Holy Grail彰顯品性正派，死亡傳奇的背后。

　　答案點評

　　21.C通讀全文，可知這篇文章簡要介紹了傳說中的King Arthur的一生，而不是歷史。選項C中的legendary life即傳奇的一生。選項A“阿瑟王簡史”，B項“圓桌騎士的故事”，D項“阿瑟王之死”都不能概括整個篇章的內(nèi)容。

　　22.D第二段說到了Arthur繼承王位的過程，他是眾人中惟一能將劍從石頭里拔出來的人，因此D是正確答案。選項A說因為“阿瑟是老國王惟一的兒子”，而故事中說明阿瑟是國王的私生子，一直由Merlin撫養(yǎng)，因此這不是理由；選項B“因為他得到許多勇敢騎士的支持”，這是在他成為阿瑟王之后；選項C說“他是王國中最強壯的人”，也未必正確，因為文中暗示Merlin設(shè)計了這次從石里拔劍的競賽，故意讓阿瑟贏的。

　　23.B第三段說只有具有“an almost superhuman degree of moral purity”（品德純良幾乎是超人程度）的人，也就是在品性上最正派（morally respectable）的人，才能找到the Holy Grail，文中是那位真正的紳士（the true gentleman）Sir Galahad找到的。選項A的阿瑟王，選項C的Sir Lancelot （王后的情人）都不是。選項D的圓桌騎士用的是復(fù)數(shù)，指的是他們?nèi)�體，所以也不對。

　　24.B最后一段可以看出，Arthur把他的神劍還給了當(dāng)初把劍送與他的the Lady of the Lake，不是選項A中的他的王后，也不是選項C中的他的養(yǎng)父Merlin，更不是D中的他的妹妹。

　　25.A文章最后一句說“我們只能總結(jié)說他的妹妹不是一個好醫(yī)生”，由此可以判斷Arthur的妹妹沒能治好他的致命傷，而不像選項B所說他的妹妹拒絕給他治傷，也不像C所說不想再活了，更不是選項D說的因為他失去了自己的神劍。

　　Text 2

　　詞語注釋

　　Hispanic西班牙裔的（人）statistics統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)

　　confirm證實，確證sea change巨大的變化（該用法來自莎士比亞）

　　prominent卓越的，顯著的，突出的penetration滲透

　　immigrant移民stroke中風(fēng)

　　文章概要

　　本文主要講述了目前在美國的西班牙裔人的人口情況。

　　Para.1：研究報告表明西班牙裔人將會主導(dǎo)加利福尼亞的將來。

　　Para.2：研究表明西班牙裔人在2001年將會正式超過非西班牙裔的白人，而成為加利福尼亞的主要民族。

　　Para.3：簡單介紹西班牙裔母親的情況。

　　答案點評

　　26.B文章第一段提供的數(shù)字為，“Hispanic mothers had 247,796 of the 521,265 children born in California in 1998, or 47.5 percent, according to the University of California, Los Angeles study released.”1998年一年，加利福尼亞州西班牙裔的母親生育的兒童占全州新生兒的47.5%.

　　27.A文章第一段末尾說，“California's future economic health depends upon those Hispanics, who soon will be the majority of young adults and hence the working force, says David Hayes Bautista, director of the Center for the Study of Latino Health and Culture at UCLA.”加州洛杉磯大學(xué)的拉丁裔健康和文化研究中心的主任David Hayes Bautista認(rèn)為，加利福尼亞未來的經(jīng)濟就要靠這些拉丁裔的青年。

　　28.B本文主要講述了在加州，西班牙裔少數(shù)民族人數(shù)大大增加，但雖說如此，西班牙裔人口數(shù)量還是沒有白人的多，文中第二段第二句：The U.S.Census showed that Hispanics made up nearly a third while non-Hispanic whites shipped to less than half of the state's total population，因此正確選項為B.

　　29.ADr. Harry Pachon認(rèn)為，西班牙裔的人口在社會各個領(lǐng)域逐漸活躍起來，這對加州來說，是一件好事情。（Hispanics are becoming more prominent in everything from movies to politics, and that is good for the state.）如果某個少數(shù)民族群體在社會和政治機構(gòu)中缺乏代言人，那么很容易導(dǎo)致社會的動蕩。（If there was no penetration of social and political institutions, then you would have an isolated minority and that's a recipe for social unrest.）

　　30.C根據(jù)文章最后一段提供的數(shù)字（Only about 15 percent of Hispanic mothers were 19 years old or younger. By comparison nearly 17 percent of Blacks and 19 percent of American Indians were teen-agers. Non�睭ispanic Whites had a figure of nearly 7 percent.）可以看出，非西班牙裔的白人產(chǎn)婦只有7%是十幾歲的少女，該比例和西班牙裔、非洲裔相比是最低的。

　　Text 3

　　詞語注釋

　　upheaval n.脹起，鼓起；舉起；激變，劇變；動亂

　　rally vt.（重新）集合，重整（潰敗的軍隊）；召集；團結(jié)vi.集合，重整；團結(jié)

　　citadel n.城堡；堡壘，要塞；避難所

　　文章概要

　　本文主要談了促成19世紀(jì)60年代至80年代的高等教育改革的三個主要因素以及在幾個方面的改革措施。

　　Para.1：改革的三個主要因素：①教育界出現(xiàn)主導(dǎo)領(lǐng)袖；

　�、谝�求更��、更實際、更先進的教學(xué)模式的呼聲；

　�、蹟[脫教會的控制。

　　Para.2：改革包括：①提高加大入學(xué)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的力度；

　　②擴充教綱并增設(shè)選修制；

　�、鄢姓J(rèn)文科研究生學(xué)歷；

　　④提高法律、醫(yī)學(xué)的職業(yè)培訓(xùn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；

　�、菖囵B(yǎng)學(xué)生更高的修養(yǎng)水平。

　　答案點評

　　31.C本文主要談了促成19世紀(jì)60年代至80年代的高等教育（higher education）改革的三個主要因素（第一段）以及幾個方面的改革（第二段）。

　　32.B原文第一段指出，三種力量促成了美國高等教育的改革：（1）教育界出現(xiàn)了幾位領(lǐng)袖（leaders）；（2）耶魯及哈佛大學(xué)校友及朋友等要求更新、更實際、更先進的（advanced）教學(xué)模式；（3）擺脫教會的控制（church leadership）。

　　33.B從哈佛大學(xué)改革的五項主要內(nèi)容來看，改革前課程開設(shè)的數(shù)量及類別都有限，因此，改革要求：擴充課程設(shè)置（enlargement of the curriculum），建立選修制（elective system），增設(shè)職業(yè)培訓(xùn)（professional training）等。參考第二段第三句，另見第二段最后一句。A項意為：“資金短缺”。原文第一段第五句中所說的“貧窮”（poverty）并非指沒有錢，而是指生源、課程等方面的貧乏，因此，需要開辟新的領(lǐng)域（new enterprise）。C項不對。文章第二段第五句是說紀(jì)律問題處理不得法，不利于學(xué)生自尊心或自信心的培養(yǎng)，并非是說過去對學(xué)生要求不嚴(yán)。

　　34.A在哈佛大學(xué)的五項改革內(nèi)容中，提高（elevation）招生標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和擴大（amplification）招生人數(shù)都列在了首位。參考第二段第三句。C項和D項都不對。第二段第四句提到增設(shè)法律、醫(yī)學(xué)方面的職業(yè)培訓(xùn)，這并非指未開設(shè)法律課程，而是強調(diào)要培養(yǎng)學(xué)以致用的人才，以滿足社會需要。

　　35.C第二段提到的五項改革包括：提高和加大入學(xué)要求的力度，擴充教學(xué)大綱并增設(shè)選修制，承認(rèn)文科研究生學(xué)歷，提高法律、醫(yī)學(xué)的職業(yè)培訓(xùn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生更高的修養(yǎng)水平�？梢�，惟獨C項是沒有提到的。

　　Text 4

　　詞語注釋

　　uncharted a.圖上沒有標(biāo)明的；未知的

　　void a.無效的；空虛的

　　sediment n.沉淀物，沖積物v.使沉積；使成沉積物

　　tectonics n.構(gòu)造學(xué)；筑造學(xué)；構(gòu)造術(shù)；結(jié)構(gòu)地質(zhì)學(xué)

　　climatic a.氣候（上）的

　　mechanical a.機械的；機械學(xué)的；力學(xué)的

　　erosion n.侵蝕；腐蝕；沖蝕

　　文章概要

　　本文主要介紹海底勘探及海底沉淀物對科學(xué)研究地理及氣候的極為重要的幫助。

　　Para.1：海底由于無光線、壓力大在人類活動及認(rèn)識領(lǐng)域中是一片空白。

　　Paras.2-3：DSDP計劃的啟動為人們對海底地質(zhì)的認(rèn)識及研究提供了條件。

　　Para.4：全球海洋勘探取出的海底沉淀物為研究大陸塊形成原因及氣候變化提供了重要的線索和證據(jù)。

　　答案點評

　　36.D“frontier”意為“邊疆”，“未開拓的地區(qū)”。大洋底部對人類來說是一片未知的領(lǐng)地，因此被稱為“frontier”。A不對。B本身正確，但并不構(gòu)成被稱為frontier的原因。C的迷惑性較強，但結(jié)合課文，這并不構(gòu)成根本原因，而是說洋底是一種未開拓地區(qū)的表現(xiàn)，所以選D最好。

　　37.B答案見文中“the deep-ocean bottom is a hostile environment to humans， in some ways as forbidding and remote as the void of outer space.”可見，它們都是人類所不易了解的環(huán)境。

　　38.DClomar Challenger是一條drill ship，不是submarine，也不是project.它完成了96次航行，沒有100次。因此A、B、C均錯誤。答案D可由DSDP項目開始于1968年推知。

　　39.BC、D并未在文中被提到。A錯誤，這個項目只是使用了海上鉆井技術(shù)，而并不是為了尋找石油和天然氣。B是正確的，文章稱DSDP是“the first detailed global investigation of the ocean bottom”。

　　40.D文章從未提到過marine life，而是在討論海底地質(zhì)情況。

　　Part B

　　答案解析

　　41.D上文提到中國志愿工作的不同體制，即學(xué)生志愿工作不是由學(xué)生自己，而是由政府、學(xué)�；蚱渌�官方團體組織，而D是對此的承接，是由上文引出的結(jié)果。即學(xué)生們做志愿工作是為了取悅老師、老板或其他官方人士。

　　42.G由下文提及另兩個重要原因可知，此外應(yīng)提到積極參加志愿工作的首要的原因，G正符合。

　　43.E上文提到兩個重要原因中的第一個，即你能通過組織志愿活動更進一步了解自己的能力，空白處應(yīng)與此內(nèi)容一致，E項產(chǎn)的正是你可以愿活動中看到自己的行動能夠?qū)χ車�世界產(chǎn)生影響。

　　44.B上文講的是人對工作的態(tài)度問題，指出慈善工作的特點是沒有明確收益，自己設(shè)定目標(biāo)并作為評判者。B項說這會改變你對工作和對自身與他人負(fù)責(zé)任的看法，正符合上文的邏輯。

　　45.A空白處是本段的統(tǒng)領(lǐng)句，從下文所舉的例子看，此處恰當(dāng)?shù)氖茿，即更多參與校外及家庭外的活動會使他們有非常不同的感受。本題考察的是歸納中心意思的能力。

　　文章大意：本文講的是學(xué)生志愿活動。中國的志愿者工作尚存在一些問題，作者對此提出一些建議，并解釋了開展和參與志愿活動對學(xué)生的好處。

　　Part C

　　參考譯文

　　46.然而，我們須對自己的聯(lián)想能力保持警惕：如果讓“家”這個詞指代生活中太多美好的東西的話，它就會變成成千上萬個家電生產(chǎn)商急于利用的目標(biāo)。

　　47.那些所謂的家居雜志用“家居”這一理念贏得我們的歡心，使我們相信，“家居”不僅僅是為我們自己，更多的是為我們受其鼓勵而購買的家居用品。

　　48.現(xiàn)在，建筑師已在他們設(shè)計的新一代房屋中添加了他們稱之為“家庭室”的一部分，但是家庭成員自己卻備受擠壓，必須抵抗那些由于自己難以抗拒而購買的物品對空間的入侵，保衛(wèi)自己的“領(lǐng)土主權(quán)”。

　　49.那玩意可能是個化學(xué)噴霧器，噴一下就能消除地毯上的酒漬；或者是個防盜系統(tǒng)，其傳感器可以捕捉到正在分娩的老鼠的動靜。

　　50.我們不僅成了抵押貸款、財產(chǎn)稅及水電煤氣費的奴隸，也成了類似“暴君”、有無數(shù)特權(quán)的東西的奴隸——它們有權(quán)破損或破碎，有權(quán)丟失，有權(quán)失去光澤，有權(quán)集百般寵愛于一身。

　　Section Ⅲ Writing

　　參考作文

　　51.

　　Dear Sir,

　　I am writing to request admission into the Department of Sociology at your university for the fall semester of 2004.

　　I am a senior in the Department of Sociology at Peking University, and would be graduated in July. I did many researches on various sociological topics and had some of my research papers printed in professional magazines at home. As for my character, always being optimistic and energetic is my distinguish feature.

　　Would you please send me the name list of professors at your department and some detailed information of scholarship in the department by the way. I will be very much appreciated.

　　 Yours respectfully, Jane Green

　　 Tuesday, 4 p.m.

　　52.

　　Challenge

　　Everyone meets with all kinds of challenges throughout one's life. What are some challenges? A difficult mathematical problem may be one, a job with a deadline may be one, and your girlfriend's demands may be one. In fact anything you have to do that is difficult to achieve is a challenge. Some of them are really difficult for you to achieve, however, some others are difficult only because you just don't like to do it.

　　Different men treat challenges in different ways. Some just lay them aside, others just easily evade meeting anywhile, yet more others who are brave enough will directly face challenges. They take it as a pleasure to accept a challenge and feel it an honor to achieve a victory. While the coward just takes challenges as puzzles disturbing their monotonous lives.

　　I admire the men who dare directly face challenges. It is they who change the world, and push the world forward. I believe that life is made up of all kinds of challenges. Life is just made up of offering challenges and accepting challenges. To achieve victories is to embody the value of humans. To challenge yourself is to prepare yourself for the challenges of the world.