在研究生考試中英語(yǔ)作文形式多變、內(nèi)容各異，但考研經(jīng)驗(yàn)一致，值得借鑒。對(duì)往年真題進(jìn)行分析研究，可以熟悉實(shí)戰(zhàn)中的謀篇布局與主題展開(kāi)，利于提高應(yīng)試能力。下面跨考考研以?xún)纱慰碱}為例, 談一談內(nèi)容安排的問(wèn)題。

　　寫(xiě)作考試審題不仔細(xì)、不全面，容易使人陷入“寫(xiě)完前段，后一段無(wú)話可說(shuō)”的尷尬處境。

　　先看1994年試題：

　　Directions:

　　A. Title: ON MAKING FRIENDS

　　B. Time limit: 40 minutes

　　C. Word limit: 120 — 150 words (not including the given opening sentence)

　　D. Your composition should be based on the OUTLINE below and should start with the given Opening sentence: “As a human being, one can hardly do without a friend.”

　　OUTLINE:

　　1. The need for friends

　　2. True friendship

　　3. My principle in making friends (15 points)

　　本篇作文是就大家熟悉的話題“交友”進(jìn)行評(píng)論，首段論述朋友的必要，第二段說(shuō)明什么是真正的友誼，末段解釋自己交友的原則。似乎順風(fēng)順?biāo)�，容易�?xiě)成。但動(dòng)起筆來(lái)卻發(fā)現(xiàn)并不那么順利。第一段寫(xiě)朋友的必要性時(shí)，我們?nèi)菀紫氲?ldquo;相互作伴，傾訴交談”，“歡樂(lè)共享，憂傷分擔(dān)”;可是寫(xiě)到第二段真誠(chéng)友誼時(shí)，我們又會(huì)想到“患難見(jiàn)真情”、“有福應(yīng)同享”，這豈不是重復(fù)第一段了嗎?更麻煩的是毫不容易把第二段構(gòu)成真誠(chéng)友誼的因素列全，到了第三段發(fā)現(xiàn)自己已無(wú)路可走：本人交友的原則已經(jīng)包含在前文真誠(chéng)友誼因素之中!第三段成多余的了。

　　要避免這種尷尬，事先一定不能因題目表面簡(jiǎn)單而掉以輕心，要仔細(xì)審題，認(rèn)真布局。首段盡量避開(kāi)對(duì)真誠(chéng)友誼的解釋?zhuān)�多�?xiě)生活中朋友的必要。下一段寫(xiě)真誠(chéng)友誼時(shí)，要為末段闡述自己的交友原則留有余地，不可窮盡。

　　參考作文：

　　In life we can hardly do without a friend. There are many difficulties and problems we can’t overcome with our own efforts. Moreover, we need friend to share our joy and sorrow; otherwise we will suffer from loneliness. Thus, friends are an indispensable part of our life.

　　However, not all friends can help us when we are in great need. So what is true friendship? As a popular saying goes, “A friend in need is a friend indeed.” True friends are those who never desert you when you are in need. On the contrary, they will offer you sincere help even at the cost of their own interests. Moreover, they will encourage you to stick to what is right and to avoid what is wrong or illegal. In conclusion, true friendship consists in sincerity and self-sacrifice.

　　My principle in making friends is that they should not only be sincere and helpful, but also be tolerant and open-minded. When people spend more time together, scratches and misunderstanding may arise; furthermore, they will find each other’s shortcomings. At this moment, tolerance is the most helpful quality that will enable friendship to survive the difficult times and become even more permanent.