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2009年考研英語相似易混單詞匯總

來源: 時間:2009-05-11 11:46:25
   litter

    n.垃圾,雜物

    v.亂丟

    

    utter

    a.徹底的,完全的

    vt.發(fā)出(聲音)

    

    butter

    vt.抹黃油

    n.黃油,奶油

    

    scatter

    v.散開,驅(qū)散

    

    shatter

    v.1.使粉碎,使破碎 2.損壞,損害 3.使震驚,使驚駭

    

    例:

    Our hopes were shattered. 我們的希望破滅了。

    a shattered look 一副驚駭?shù)谋砬?

    

    flatter

    vt. 1.阿諛,奉承 2.使?jié)M意

    

    flattery

    n.奉承,恭維話,諂媚舉動

    

    flatten

    vt.把......弄平

    

    flat

    a. 1.平的,扁平的 2.單調(diào)的

    n. 一套房間

    1. More and more of these credit cards can be read automatically, making it possible to withdraw or deposit money in scattered locations, whether or not the local branch bank is open. (NETEM 1994, Passage 2, Paragraph 1)

    越來越多的信用卡可以自動讀取,于是持卡人就可以在不同地方存取,不管本地支行是否營業(yè)。

    2. Still others associate politics with flattery, fearful that, if they speak up for themselves, they may appear to be flattering their boss for favors. (CET-4, 2004.6, Passage 1, Paragraph 9)

    還有一些人把政治和奉承混為一談,擔(dān)心如果他們坦率地表達(dá)意見,他們就顯得是在奉承老板,從中取得好處。

    even

    a.1.均勻的,平穩(wěn)的 2.平的,平坦的 3.均等的 4.雙數(shù)的

    ad.甚至,即使

    n.偶數(shù)(注:奇數(shù)是odd,不是single)

    

    evenly

    ad.1.均勻地 2.平坦地

    

    uneven

    a.1.不平坦的 2.不平均的 3.實力懸殊的(比賽)

    

    event

    n.事件,大事,事變

    

    eventually

    ad.終于,比較后

    1. Because our conscious mind is occupied with daily life we don't always think about the emotional significance of the day's events---until, it appears, we begin to dream. (NETEM 2005, Text 3, Paragraph 3)

    因為清醒時我們的頭腦被日�,嵤抡紦�(jù)著,所以并不總是想到白天發(fā)生的事情對我們情緒的影響,直到我們開始做夢,這種影響才出現(xiàn)。

    2. Doctors have used that principle in recent years to justify using high doses of morphine to control terminally ill patients' pain, even though increasing dosages will eventually kill the patient. (NETEM 2002, Text 4, Paragraph 3)

    近年來,醫(yī)生們一直在借用這項原則,為自己替病危患者注射大劑量的嗎啡鎮(zhèn)痛的做法提供正當(dāng)?shù)睦碛�,即使他們知道,不斷增加的劑量比較終會殺死病人。

    3. They seemed a priesthood, rather uneven in their merits but uniform in their bearing; they never referred to anything personal. (CET-6, 2003.6, Passage 2, Paragraph 4)

    他們看起來像神職人員,盡管道行參差不齊,但舉止非常統(tǒng)一;他們從來不談私事。

    relevant

    a.1.有重大意義的 2.適當(dāng)?shù)�,中肯�?3.有關(guān)的 4.實質(zhì)性的

    

    irrelevant

    a.不相關(guān)的,不切題的

    

    elevate

    vt.1.舉起,提高,抬高 2.使......高尚 3.提升......職位

    

    例:

    Reading good books elevate one's mind. 閱讀好書可提高人的心靈修養(yǎng)。

    elevation

    n.高度

    

    elevator

    n.電梯,升降機

    

    level

    n.1.水平線(面) 2.標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 3.級別

    a.水平的

    vt.弄平

    

    lever

    n.桿,杠桿,控制桿

    v.抬起

    

    clever

    a.1.聰明的 2.伶俐的,機敏的

    

    clever的近義詞:

    shrewd

    a.機靈的,精明的

    

    例:shrewd business men 精明的商人

    

    bright

    a. 1.聰明的,伶俐的 2.明亮的,光亮的 3.快樂的

    

    brilliant

    a. 1.卓越的,有才華的 2.光輝的,燦爛的

    

    smart

    a.1.聰明的,伶俐的 2.漂亮的,時髦的

    vi.刺痛,作痛

    

    例:

    The cut smarts.傷口刺痛。

    apt

    a. 1.恰當(dāng)?shù)模线m的 2.易于......的,傾向于 3.聰明的,伶俐的

    

    ingenious

    a.1.(頭腦)機靈的 2.精制的(指機器等) 3.有獨創(chuàng)性的

    

    clever的反義詞:

    

    clumsy

    a.笨拙的,愚笨的

    

    awkward

    a.1.笨拙的,不靈巧的 2.尷尬的 3.難使用的

    1. But the human mind can glimpse a rapidly changing scene and immediately disregard the 98 percent that is irrelevant, instantaneously focusing on the monkey at the side of a winding forest road or the single suspicious face in a big crowd. (NETEM 2002, Text 2, Paragraph 5)

    但是人的大腦能夠掃描一個快速變化的場景,迅速排除98%的不相干的物體,立即聚焦于森林中婉蜒道路旁的一只猴子,或者人群中的一張可疑的臉。

    2. While even the modestly educated sought an elevated tone when they put pen to paper before the 1960s, even the most well regarded writing since then has sought to capture spoken English on the page. (NETEM 2005, Text 3, Paragraph 3)

    在20世紀(jì)60年代以前,僅受過一般教育的人在下筆時都會尋求一種更高雅的強調(diào);而那之后,即使是比較受關(guān)注的文章也開始逮住口語就寫在紙面上。

    3. Immigrants are quickly fitting into this common culture, which may not be altogether elevating but is hardly poisonous. (NETEM 2006, Text 1, Paragraph 2)

    移民適應(yīng)了這種普通文化,普通文化并非都是高尚的,但也沒什么害處。

    4. Robert Fulton once wrote, "The mechanic should sit down among levers, screws, wedges, wheels, etc, like a poet among the letters of the alphabet, considering them as exhibition of his thoughts, in which a new arrangement transmits a new idea." (NETEM 1996, Passage 4, Paragraph 8)

    羅伯特·法歐曾寫道:"技術(shù)人員坐在杠桿、螺釘、楔子、輪子等中間,如同一位詩人處在詞匯之中,應(yīng)該把它們看做是自己思想的一種表達(dá),每一個新的組合都能傳達(dá)一個新的意念。"

    5. Do we think we're slow to adapt to change or that we're not smart enough to cope with a new challenge? (NETEM 1995, Passage 2, Paragraph 3)

    自以為適應(yīng)變化的速度很慢,不夠精明,無法應(yīng)付新挑戰(zhàn)嗎?

    6. But since Sept. 11, it's become clear that terrorists have been shrewdly factoring the weaknesses of our system into their plans. (CET-6, 2004.6, Passage 4, Paragraph 1)

    恐怖分子已經(jīng)機敏地把我們制度的弱點在他們的計劃中加以利用,這一點自從9·11以來已經(jīng)看得很清楚了。

    7. Yet it is also very big, and man is very ingenious. (CET-6, 2002.1, Passage 2, Paragraph 4)

    但它也非常大,人類非常聰明。

    prevail

    vi.1.戰(zhàn)勝,勝過 2.普遍,流行 3.勸說

    

    prevailing

    a. 占優(yōu)勢的,主要的,流行的

    

    predominate

    v. 1.控制,支配 2.成為主流,占優(yōu)勢

    

    predominant

    a.占主導(dǎo)地位的,(在數(shù)量等上)占優(yōu)勢的,有力的

    

    predominance

    n.優(yōu)勢

    

    dominate

    vt.1.統(tǒng)治,支配,控制 2.占優(yōu)勢

    

    dominant

    a.1.支配的,統(tǒng)治的 2.占統(tǒng)治的

    

    dominance

    n.優(yōu)勢,統(tǒng)治

    

    nominate

    vt.任命,提名(聯(lián)想:把nomi看成no me,超女超男的提名中沒有我,因為我在考研ingJ)

    

    nomination

    n. 1.提名,任命 2.提名權(quán),任命權(quán)

    

    innominate

    a.未名的,無名的,匿名的

    anonymous

    a.未名的,無名的,匿名的

    1. Americans have been migrating south and west in larger numbers since World War II, and the pattern still prevails. (NETEM 1998, Passage 4, Paragraph 4)

    第二次世界大戰(zhàn)以來,美國人大量向南部和西部遷移,而且這種趨勢如今仍很盛行。

    2. Just as inevitably, the retreat from predominance proved painful. (NETEM 2000, Passage 1, Paragraph 2)

    從優(yōu)勢地位上退出的痛苦也同樣是不可避免的。

    3. The coming of age of the postwar baby boom and an entry of women into the male-dominated job market have limited the opportunities of teenagers who are already questioning the heavy personal sacrifices involved in climbing Japan's rigid social ladder to good schools and jobs. (NETEM 2000, Passage 4, Paragraph 2)

    戰(zhàn)后嬰兒出生高峰期的到來及婦女進(jìn)入男性主宰的就業(yè)市場,限制了青少年的發(fā)展機遇,這些青少年已經(jīng)開始質(zhì)疑在進(jìn)好學(xué)校,找好工作,攀登日本等級森嚴(yán)的社會階梯的過程中所做出的沉重的個人犧牲是否值得。

    domain

    n.

    1.領(lǐng)土,領(lǐng)地 2.(學(xué)術(shù),活動等)范圍,領(lǐng)域[同]field

    

    drain

    v.1.負(fù)擔(dān),消耗 2.排(去),耗盡

    n.陰溝,排水溝

    

    detain

    v.拘留,留住,阻止

    

    detrain

    v. (使)下火車

    

    disdain

    n.輕蔑,以高傲的態(tài)度對待

    

    vt.蔑視,鄙棄

    

    distain

    v.使變色,弄臟,傷害名譽

    1. When highly gifted students in any domain talk about what was important to the development of their abilities, they are far more likely to mention their families than their schools or teachers. (CET-6, 2004.6, Passage 2, Paragraph 3)

    當(dāng)任何領(lǐng)域的天賦高的學(xué)生談及什么對培養(yǎng)他們的能力比較重要時,他們極可能提到的是他們的家庭而不是學(xué)校和老師。

    2. The teachers began on time, ended on time, and left the room without saying a word more to their students, very seldom being detained by questioners.(CET-6, 2003.6, Passage 2, Paragraph 5)

    老師們按時上課,準(zhǔn)時下課,離開教室時不會對學(xué)生多說一個字,也很少被學(xué)生的問題留住。

    rest

    n.1.其余的人或物 2.休息

    

    

    v. (使)擱在,睡

    

    restless

    a.不安的,得不到休息的

    

    arrest

    vt.逮捕,拘留

    frail

    a.1.不堅實的,不牢固的 2.虛弱的,衰弱的

    

    fragile

    a.易碎的,脆的,脆弱的

    

    fracture

    n.破裂,折斷

    

    v.使破碎,使破裂

    

    fragment

    n. 碎片,斷片

    

    fraction

    n.1.小部分,碎片 2.一點,一些 3.分?jǐn)?shù)

    

    friction

    n.摩擦(力)

    

    fiction

    n.1.小說 2.虛構(gòu),杜撰

    

    fragile的近義詞:

    crisp

    a.脆的,易碎的

    

    brittle

    a.易碎的,脆弱的

    1. They have built robots that can recognize the error of a machine panel by a fraction of a millimeter in a controlled factory environment. (NETEM 2002, Text 2, Paragraph 5)

    他們建造的機器人在嚴(yán)格控制的工廠環(huán)境里,能夠在儀表盤上識別毫米以下的誤差。

    2. Dispossessed (被剝奪得一無所有的)peasants slash and burn their way into the rain forests of Latin America, and hungry nomads (游牧民族)turn their herds out onto fragile African grassland, reducing it to desert. (CET-6, 2003.1, Passage 4, Paragraph 6)

    一無所有的農(nóng)民在拉丁美洲的熱帶雨林中刀耕火種,饑餓的游牧民族在脆弱的非洲草原上放牧,使之退化成沙漠。

    novel

    a.新穎的,新奇的

    n. (長篇)小說(聯(lián)想:小說必須新穎才能暢銷)

    

    novelty

    n.1.新奇,新穎 2.新奇的事物

    

    renovate

    v.更新,修復(fù)

    

    renovation

    n.革新

    

    innovate

    v.改革,創(chuàng)新

    

    innovation

    n.革新,改革

    

    innovator

    n.改革者,革新者

    

    (注:大家都知道原來聯(lián)想電腦的英文標(biāo)識是Legend,意思是"傳奇",算是不錯的品牌名,但可惜在國外早被其它公司注冊了。因此,聯(lián)想公司后來就造了一個生詞:lenovo。意思是:"Le"來自于原先的"Legend","nov,或novo"在拉丁文中是"創(chuàng)新"的意思。代表了聯(lián)想精神,即要"秉承傳統(tǒng),又要創(chuàng)新"的企業(yè)精神。)

    repair

    n.(pl.)修理,修補

    

    vt.1.修理 2.補救,糾正

    

    impair

    vt.1.損害 2.削弱

    

    despair

    n./vi.

    絕望,失望

    

    desperate

    a.拼死的,絕望的

    

    prosper

    v.1.(使)興旺,(使)繁榮 2.(使)成功

    

    prosperous

    a.興旺的,繁榮的

    

    prosperity

    n.興旺,繁榮

    

    prospect

    n.1.景色 2.前景,前途 3.期望

    

    vi.

    尋找,勘探

    

    prospector

    n.探勘者,采礦者

    

    prosper 的近義詞:

    

    flourish

    vi.繁榮,茂盛,興旺

    

    thrive

    vi.繁榮

    

    brisk

    a.1.興隆的 2.輕快的 3.生氣勃勃的

    

    prospect的近義詞:

    

    scene

    n.1.景色 2.舞臺(現(xiàn)只用于比喻) 3.發(fā)生地 4.場

    

    scenery

    n.1.風(fēng)景 2.舞臺布景

    

    outlook

    n.1.景色,景致 2.前景,前途

    

    panorama

    n.1.全景 2.概論,概觀,綜合評述

    

    例:a panorama of American history美國通史

    

    sight

    n.1.視力,視域 2.望見 3.情景 4.眼界 5.(pl.)風(fēng)景,名勝

    

    landscape

    n.風(fēng)景

    1. It's theory to which many economists subscribe, but in practice it often leaves railroads in the position of determining which companies will flourish and which will fail. (NETEM 2003, Text 3, Paragraph 4)

    這種理論得到了多數(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家的認(rèn)同,但在實際操作中,它使鐵路公司可以決定哪些公司會興旺,哪些公司會倒閉。

    2. But one insidious form continues to thrive: alphabetism. (NETEM 2004, Text 2, Paragraph 1)

    但是有一種隱蔽的形式還在蔓延:按字母表順序進(jìn)行排名。

    3 For example, one would have to briskly walk three miles just to work off 275 calories in one delicious Danish pastry(小甜餅). (CET-4, 2005.1, Passage 4, Paragraph 2)

    例如,為了消除一個丹麥風(fēng)味的小甜餅產(chǎn)生的275卡熱量,必須快步行走三英里

    boom

    vi.

    1.迅速發(fā)展,興旺 2.發(fā)出隆隆聲

    

    n.吊桿

    

    bloom

    vi.開花

    n.1.花 2.青春,茂盛期

    

    boost

    v.推進(jìn)

    

    room

    n.1.房間 2.空間 3.余地 4.帶廁所或盥洗室的休息室

    

    doom

    n.厄運,劫數(shù)

    v.(常用于被動語態(tài))注定,命定

    

    deem

    v.認(rèn)為,相信

    deed

    n.1.行為,行動 2.功績,事跡

    

    feed

    vt.喂養(yǎng)

    n.飼養(yǎng),飼料

    1. Many consumers seem to have been influenced by stock-market swings, which investors now view as a necessary ingredient to a sustained boom. (NETEM 2004, Text 3, Paragraph 4)

    許多消費者似乎一直受股票市場波動的影響,投資者把這種波動視為持續(xù)繁榮的必要因素。

    2. So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time? (NETEM 2002, Text 3, Paragraph 1)

    那么這次警告人們厄運來臨的頭版新聞都到哪里去了呢?

    3. If ambition is to be well regarded, the rewards of ambition - wealth, distinction, control over one's destiny - must be deemed worthy of the sacrifices made on ambition's behalf. (NETEM 2000, Passage 5, Paragraph 1)

    個人的雄心如果能被正確看待的話,那么它的回報--財富、榮譽、對命運的掌握--則應(yīng)該被認(rèn)為值得為之付出犧牲。

    4. In Manhattan, "there's a new gold rush happening in the $4 million to $10 million range, predominantly fed by Wall Street bonuses," says broker Barbara Corcoran. (NETEM 2004, Text 3, Paragraph 3)

    經(jīng)紀(jì)人巴巴拉·考克蘭說,在曼哈頓"出現(xiàn)了四百萬至一千萬美元之間的淘金熱,資金來源以華爾街股票紅利為主。"

    character

    n.1.性格,品質(zhì) 2.性能 3.人物 4.字符,(漢)字

    

    characterize

    vt.表示......的特征,描述......的特征

    

    characteristic

    a.特有的,獨特的

    n.特征

    1. The world's three top central bankers (Greenspan, Duisenberg and Hayami) are all close to the top of the alphabet, even if one of them really uses Japanese characters. (NETEM 2004, Text 2, Paragraph 3)

    世界三大中央銀行行長(Greenspan,Duisenberg,Hayami)全都接近字母表的上端,三人之中有一人即使用日文也是如此。

    2. The brain hemispheres take turns sinking into the sleep stage characterized by slow brain waves. (CET-6, 2001.1, Passage 1, Paragraph 2)

    大腦半球輪流進(jìn)入睡眠狀態(tài),腦電波放慢速度表明了這一特點。

    special

    a. 1.特殊的 2.專門的 3.附加的,額外的

    

    especially

    ad.特別,尤其

    

    specialist

    n.專門醫(yī)師,專家

    

    specialty

    n.1.專業(yè),專長 2.特性,特質(zhì)

    

    speciality

    n.1.專業(yè),專長 2.特性,特質(zhì)

    

    specialize

    vt (in)專門研究,專攻,專業(yè)化

    

    specialization

    n.特殊化,專門化,特化作用

    

    specific

    a.1.特有的,特定的 2.具體的,明確的

    

    specification

    n.1.詳述 2.(pl.)規(guī)格,說明書

    

    specify

    v.指定,詳述

    

    species

    n.(物)種,種類

    

    spectacle

    n.1.(pl.)眼鏡 2.壯觀,奇觀

    

    spectacular

    a.壯觀的,引人入勝的

    n.壯觀的演出

    

    spectator

    n.觀眾,旁觀者

    

    prospect

    n.前途,前景

    

    expect

    vt.1.期望,預(yù)期 2.料想,認(rèn)為

    

    expectancy

    n.期待,期望

    

    unexpected

    a.想不到的,意外的,未預(yù)料到

    

    expectation

    n.期待,預(yù)期

    

    speculate

    vt.1.思考 2.投機 3.推測

    

    speculative

    a.1.投機的,投機買賣的 2.思索的,推測的,以深思熟慮為基礎(chǔ)的

    

    1. Mr.McWhorter's academic speciality is language history and change, and he sees gradual disappearance of "whom" ,for example, to be natural and no more regranttable than the loss of the case-endings of Old English. (NETEM 2005, Text 3, Paragraph 2)

    麥荷特先生的學(xué)術(shù)專長在于語言史和語言演變。舉例來說,他認(rèn)為"whom"一詞的逐漸消失是自然的,并不比古英語中詞格尾綴的消失更讓人惋惜。

    2. Today there are many charitable organizations which specialize in helping the weary traveler. (NETEM 1997, Passage 2, Paragraph 4)

    如今,有了很多的慈善組織專門幫助疲憊的旅行者。

    3. The individual now has more information available than any generation, and the task of finding that one piece of information relevant to his or her specific problem is complicated, time-consuming, and sometimes even overwhelming. (NETEM 1995, Passage 3, Paragraph 3)

    今天,個人可獲得的信息比任何時代的人都多,而要找到一條與自己問題相關(guān)的信息既復(fù)雜又耗時,有時甚至相當(dāng)困難。

    4. Another line of thought assumes a memory storage system of limited capacity that provides adaptive flexibility specifically through forgetting. (NETEM 1995, Passage 5, Paragraph 4)

    另一個思路是假定記憶的存儲體系容量有限,這種體系會特別通過遺忘來提供一種適應(yīng)外部世界的靈活性。

    5. Instead, we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles, which now more than ever seem in ample supply: the critic of American materialism with a Southampton summer home; the publisher of radical books who takes his meals in three-star restaurants; the journalist advocating participatory democracy in all phases of life, whose own children are enrolled in private schools. (NETEM 2000, Passage 5, Paragraph 2)

    相反我們目睹了比以前任何時候都多的虛偽景觀:美國物欲主義批評家在南安普頓擁有一幢避暑別墅;激進(jìn)的出版商到三星級賓館就餐;倡導(dǎo)終生參與民主制的新聞記者卻把自己的子女送進(jìn)私立學(xué)校。

    6. Americans' life expectancy has nearly doubled over the past century. (NETEM 2003, Text 4, Paragraph 1)

    美國人的壽命幾乎翻了一番。

    7. Two other explanations are more speculative. (NETEM 1998, Passage 2, Paragraph 4)

    另外兩種解釋讓人更覺得有道理。(注:上下文都是在理性分析為什么美國勞而無獲,這里又用了more,所以speculative應(yīng)當(dāng)是思索的,理性分析的意思。而不是像大多數(shù)參考書說的是"猜測的"意思,因為前面內(nèi)容都不是"推測",就無所謂"更推測"的意思)

    antarctic

    a.

    南極的

    n.

    南極

    

    arctic

    a.

    北極的

    

    其它地理詞匯

    

    Mediterranean

    n.

    地中海

    a.

    地中海的

    

    peninsula

    n.

    半島

    

    tropic

    n.

    回歸線,熱帶

    a.

    熱帶的

    

    plain

    n.

    平原

    a.

    1.明白的 2.樸素的,平常的 3.平凡的,普通的

    

    basin

    n.

    盆,盆地

    

    earth

    n.

    1.地球 2.泥土

    

    galaxy

    n.

    1.星系 2.(the G-)銀河系 3.一群(杰出的人物)

    

    mercury

    n.

    1.水銀,汞 2.(M)水星

    

    Mars

    n.

    火星,戰(zhàn)神

    

    1.Bille and his team work with an optical instrument called an active mirror -- a device used in astronomical telescopes to spot newly emerging stars and far distant galaxies.(CET-6, 2003.6, Passage 4, Paragraph 2)

    比爾和他的科研小組使用一種被稱之為靈敏鏡的光學(xué)儀器--一種用在天文望遠(yuǎn)鏡上觀測新出現(xiàn)的星體以及極為遙遠(yuǎn)的星系的裝置。

    2.Consequently, most of the world's fridges are to be found, not in the tropics where they might prove useful, but in the wealthy countries with mild temperatures where they are climatically almost unnecessary. (CET-4, 1997.6, Passage 1, Paragraph 4)

    結(jié)果是,在赤道附近比較需要電冰箱的地方,沒有電冰箱;而電冰箱主要存在于一些比較富有的國家,那些國家氣候溫和,根本就用不著電冰箱。

    aspect

    n.

    1.樣子,外表 2.方面

    

    inspect

    vt.

    1.檢查 2.視察

    

    retrospect

    n.

    回顧,追溯

    

    respect

    vt./n.

    尊敬,尊重

    

    

    n.

    (pl.)敬意,問候

    

    respectful

    a.

    充滿敬意的,有禮貌的

    

    respective

    a.

    各自的,各個的

    

    respectively

    ad.

    各自地,分別地,各個地

    

    irrespective

    a.

    不考慮的

    

    respectable

    a.

    1.可敬的,高尚的 2.體面的,正派的

    

    disrespectable

    a.

    不值得尊重的,不體面的

    

    spectrum

    n.

    光,光譜,頻譜(注:詞干spect有 "看"的意思)

    

    respect 的近義詞:

    

    esteem

    vt.

    1.把...看作,尊重 2.認(rèn)為

    n.

    1.尊敬,尊重 2.評價,判斷,意見

    

    

    例:

    Esteemed Guests and Friends! "尊敬的客人們,朋友們!"

    In their esteem,the bill was worthless. 在他們看來,該議案毫無價值。

    1. The relative motion of the plates carrying these continents has been constructed in detail, but the motion of one plate with respect to another cannot readily be translated into motion with respect to the earth's interior. (NETEM 1998, Passage 5, Paragraph 2)

    攜帶這些大陸的板塊的相對運動已經(jīng)能夠被詳細(xì)地闡述出來,但一個板塊相對另一板塊的運動還不能輕易地解釋為它們相對于地球內(nèi)部的運動。

    2. Thus the American president and vice-president have surnames starting with B and C respectively. (NETEM 2004, Text 2, Paragraph 3)

    如此這般,美國的總統(tǒng)和副總統(tǒng)的姓氏分別是以B和C字母起頭。

    3. Almost everyone thinks attractive people are happier and healthier, have better marriages and have more respectable occupations. (CET-6, 1995.6, Passage 2, Paragraph 1)

    幾乎每個人都認(rèn)為有魅力的人會更快樂,更健康,有更美滿的婚姻,更令人尊重的職業(yè)。

    conspicuous

    a.

    顯眼的,明顯的

    

    suspicion

    n.

    懷疑,猜疑

    

    suspicious

    a.

    多疑的,疑心的,可被懷疑的

    

    suspect

    vt.

    1.懷疑 2.覺得,猜想

    

    

    n.

    可疑分子

    

    suspect的近義詞:

    

    questionable

    a.

    1.不肯定的,有問題的 2.可疑的

    

    distrustful

    a.

    可疑的,不信任的,懷疑的

    

    guess

    v./n.

    猜測,推測

    

    doubt

    v./n.

    懷疑,疑慮

    

    doubtful

    a.

    1.懷疑的 2.可疑的

    

    dubious

    a.

    1.(of,about) 猶豫不決的,無把握的 2.(值得)懷疑的

    

    1 But the human mind can glimpse a rapidly changing scene and immediately disregard the 98 percent that is irrelevant, instantaneously focusing on the monkey at the side of a winding forest road or the single suspicious face in a big crowd. (NETEM 2002, Text 2, Paragraph 5)

    但是人的大腦能夠掃描一個快速變化的場景,迅速排除98%的不相干的物體,立即聚焦于森林中婉蜒道路旁的一只猴子,或者人群中的一張可疑的臉。

    2. Yet a suspiciously large number of top people have surnames beginning with letters between A and K. (NETEM 2004, Text 2, Paragraph 2)

    但頂級人物的姓名的首字母在A與K之間的卻多得可疑。

    3. Now researchers suspect that dreams are part of the mind's emotional thermostat, regulating moods while the brain is "off-line". (NETEM 2005, Text 3, Paragraph 1)

    目前,研究人員猜想夢是大腦情感自動調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)的組成部分,當(dāng)大腦處于"掉線"狀態(tài)時對情緒進(jìn)行規(guī)整。

    trouble

    n.

    1.麻煩 2.困難

    

    

    v.

    麻煩,打擾

    

    double

    a.

    兩倍的,成雙的

    

    

    v.

    (使)加倍,翻一番

    

    

    n.

    兩倍

    

    couple

    n.

    1.夫婦 2.對,雙

    

    

    vt.

    連接,結(jié)合

    

    double 的近義詞:

    

    pair

    vt.

    成雙,配對

    

    

    n.

    1.一對,一雙,一副 2.夫婦,情侶

    

    duplicate

    n.

    復(fù)制品,副本

    

    

    a.

    1.復(fù)制的 2.雙倍的

    

    

    vt.

    1.復(fù)制 2.使翻倍

    

    Ever since Dolly the sheep was cloned in 1997, Westhusin's phone has been ringing with people calling in hopes of duplicating their cats and dogs, cattle and horses.(CET-6, 2005.1, Passage 4, Paragraph 3)

    自從1997年綿羊多莉被克隆出來以后,韋斯特許辛就電話不斷,人們紛紛表示希望復(fù)制他們的貓、狗、牛和馬。

    contract

    n.

    合同,契約

    

    

    v.

    1.縮短,縮小 2.締結(jié)

    

    abstract

    a.

    1.抽象的 2.深奧的

    

    

    n.

    摘要,提要

    

    

    v.

    提(抽)取

    

    abstraction

    n.

    1.出神,心不在焉 2.抽象,抽象觀念 3.抽出,取出,分離出

    

    distract

    vt.

    1.分散(注意力等) 2.迷惑,弄昏

    

    distraction

    n.

    1.娛樂 2.分心,分心的事物

    

    extract

    vt.

    1.取出,拔出 2.榨取,提取

    

    

    n.

    摘錄

    

    extraction

    n.

    抽出,拔出

    

    retract

    v.

    1.縮回,縮進(jìn) 2.收回,取消

    

    subtract

    vt.

    減去

    

    attractive

    a.

    有吸引力的,有魅力的

    

    attract

    vt.

    吸引,引誘

    

    contract的近義詞:

    

    shrink

    vi.

    1.起皺,收縮 2.退縮

    

    1. What ordinary people see as fanciful abstractions, professional innovators see as solid possibilities. (NETEM 1994, Passage 5, Paragraph 2)

    普通人視為憑空想像的抽象概念在職業(yè)創(chuàng)新者眼里卻具有堅實的可能性。

    2. It is entirely reasonable for auditors to believe that scientists who know exactly where they are going and how they will get there should not be distracted by the necessity of keeping one eye on the cash register while the other eye is on the microscope. (NETEM 1999, Passage 5, Paragraph 4)

    審計人員也完全有理由相信,確切知道自己的目標(biāo)并知道如何實現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)的科學(xué)家們根本沒必要用一只眼盯著現(xiàn)金計數(shù)器的同時,還要用另一只眼睛盯著顯微鏡。

    3. The attacks on ambition are many and come from various angles; its public defenders are few and unimpressive, where they are not extremely unattractive. (NETEM 2000, Passage 5, Paragraph 3)

    對雄心的攻擊非常之多,出自各種不同的角度;公開為之辯解的則少之又少,雖不能說他們是完全沒有吸引力的,但卻未能給人們留下深刻印象。

    4. This is a distraction we do not need.(CET-4, 2004.6, Passage 4, Paragraph 4)

    我們不需要這種干擾。

    5. Some huge American industries, such as consumer electronics, had shrunk or vanished in the face of foreign competition. (NETEM 2000, Passage 1, Paragraph 2)

    面對國外競爭,一些大型的美國工業(yè),如消費電子產(chǎn)業(yè),已經(jīng)萎縮或漸漸消失。

    magnetic

    a.

    1.有吸引力的,有魅力的 2.磁的,有磁性的

    

    magnetism

    n.

    1.磁,磁力 2.吸引力

    

    magnet

    n.

    1.磁鐵,磁體 2.有吸引力的人或物

    

    magnify

    vt.

    放大,擴大

    

    magic

    n.

    魔法,魔術(shù)

    

    

    a.

    有魔力的,魔術(shù)的

    

    magician

    n.

    魔術(shù)師

    

    magnetic的近義詞:

    

    fascinate

    vt.

    強烈吸引,使著迷

    

    charm

    v.

    1.迷人,使陶醉 2.施以魔法

    

    

    n.

    1.魅力 2.美貌

    

    charming

    a.

    迷人的,可愛的

    

    technical

    a.

    技術(shù)的,工藝的

    

    technique

    n.

    1.技巧 2.方法

    

    technology

    n.

    技術(shù)

    

    technologist

    n.

    技術(shù)專家,工藝人員

    

    technological

    a.

    技術(shù)上的

    

    logical

    a.

    邏輯的,符合邏輯的

    

    1. Few would dispute that the term applies to the Unabomber, whose manifesto, published in 1995, scorns science and longs for return to a pretechnological utopia.(NETEM 1998, Passage 3, paragraph 6)

    將該詞用在仇視現(xiàn)代文明的恐怖主義者身上,也不會引起多大爭議,它在1995年公開發(fā)表蔑視科學(xué)、渴望回到前技術(shù)時代理想社會的聲明。

    2. Technically, any substance other than food that alters our bodily or mental functioning is a drug.(NETEM 1997, Passage 3, paragraph 1)

    從專業(yè)技術(shù)角度來說,除食品外,任何能改變我們生理和心理機能的物質(zhì)都是藥物。

    calorie

    n.

    卡路里

    

    calcium

    n.

    [化]鈣(元素符號Ca)

    

    其它表示"元素和材料"的詞匯:

    

    aluminum

    n.

    鋁

    

    tin

    n.

    1.錫 2.罐頭

    

    silicon

    n.

    硅

    

    nickel

    n.

    1.鎳 2.(美國、加拿大的)五分鎳幣

    

    zinc

    n.

    鋅

    

    

    vt.

    涂鋅于

    

    oxygen

    n.

    氧氣

    

    oxide

    n.

    [化]氧化物

    

    carbon

    n.

    碳

    

    hydrogen

    n.

    氫

    

    piston

    n.

    活塞

    

    proton

    n.

    質(zhì)子

    

    neutron

    n.

    中子

    

    molecule

    n.

    分子

    

    ion

    n.

    離子

    

    iron

    n.

    鐵,熨斗

    

    

    a.

    1.鐵的 2.非常粗壯的

    

    

    vt.

    熨平(衣服)

    

    rust

    n.

    鐵銹

    

    

    v.

    (使)生銹

    

    ingredient

    n.

    (混合物的)組成部分,元素

    

    foam

    n.

    泡沫,泡沫塑料

    

    

    v.

    起泡沫

    

    plastic

    n.

    (pl.) 塑料(制品)

    

    

    a.

    1.塑料的 2.可塑性的

    

    ultraviolet

    n./a.

    紫外線(的)

    

    infrared

    n./a.

    紅外線(的)

    

    isotope

    n.

    同位素

    

    1. Whatever product you use should emit only visible light, because ultraviolet light damages the eyes. (CET-6, 2005.6, Passage 4, paragraph 6)

    你所用的任何產(chǎn)品都應(yīng)該只發(fā)射可見光,因為紫外輻射會傷眼睛。

    2. Mounted on a plane flown at 3,000 feet at night, an infrared scanner measured the heat emitted by crops. (CET-4, 1997.6, Passage 4, paragraph 2)

    夜間,在3000英尺高度飛行的飛機上裝上紅外線掃描儀來監(jiān)測作物發(fā)出的熱量。

    mechanic

    n.

    技工,機修工

    

    mechanical

    a.

    1.機械的 2.(喻)機械似的,呆板的

    

    mechanics

    n.

    1.力學(xué),機械學(xué) 2.基本原理,構(gòu)成法

    

    mechanistic

    a.

    機械論學(xué)說的,機械論的

    

    mechanism

    n.

    1.機械裝置 2.機構(gòu),機制

    

    machinery

    n.

    (總稱)機器,機械

    

    1. Because thanks to these schools our early mechanics, especially in the New England and Middle Atlantic states, were generally literate and at home in arithmetic and in some aspects of geometry and trigonometry. (NETEM 1996 Passage 4, paragraph 3)

    正是因為有了這些學(xué)校,我們的早期技工才普遍能讀會寫,并精通算術(shù)及部分幾何和三角,這種情況在新英格蘭和大西洋中部各州尤為可見。

    2. Given this optimistic approach to technological innovation, the American worker took readily to that special kind of nonverbal thinking required in mechanical technology.(NETEM 1996 Passage 4, paragraph 7)

    有了這種對技術(shù)革新的樂觀態(tài)度,美國工人很快便習(xí)慣了機械技術(shù)需要的那種特別的非語言的思維方式。

    3. His colleague, Michael Beer, says that far too many companies have applied re-engineering in a mechanistic fashion, chopping out costs without giving sufficient thought to long-term profitability. (NETEM 1998 Passage 2, paragraph 5)

    他的同事邁克·比爾說,太多的公司已用機械的方式進(jìn)行重組,在沒有充分考慮到長期贏利能力的情況下降低了成本。

    4. An important factor in a market-oriented economy is the mechanism by which consumer demands can be expressed and responded to by producers. (NETEM 1994 Passage 1, paragraph 2)

    市場型經(jīng)濟(jì)中的一個重要因素是反映消費者需求以及生產(chǎn)者對消費者需求作出反應(yīng)的機制

    5. The exact mechanisms involved are still mysterious, but the likelihood that many cancers are initiated at the level of genes suggests that we will never prevent all cancers.(NETEM 1994 Passage 4, paragraph 4)

    導(dǎo)致癌變的確切機制仍是個謎,但許多癌癥始于基因這一可能性表明我們將永遠(yuǎn)不能預(yù)防所有癌癥。

    6. New ways of organizing the workplace - all that re-engineering and downsizing - are only one contribution to the overall productivity of an economy, which is driven by many other factors such as joint investment in equipment and machinery, new technology, and investment in education and training.(NETEM 1998 Passage 2, paragraph 3)

    企業(yè)重組的新方法--所有那些重新設(shè)計和縮小規(guī)模的做法--只是對一個經(jīng)濟(jì)的整體生產(chǎn)力做出了一方面的貢獻(xiàn),而這種經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展還收到許多其他因素的驅(qū)動,如設(shè)備、機械上的聯(lián)合投資,新技術(shù),以及教育和培訓(xùn)上的投資。

    puzzle

    v.

    使迷惑

    

    

    n.

    1.謎 2.難題

    

    dazzle

    vt.

    1.使迷惑,使傾倒 2.耀眼,眩目

    

    

    n.

    1.耀眼的光 2.令人贊嘆的東西

    

    dizzy

    a.

    頭暈?zāi)垦5?

    

    drizzle

    n.

    細(xì)雨

    

    

    v.

    下毛毛雨

    

    embezzle

    vt.

    盜用,挪用

    

    puzzle的近義詞:

    

    delude

    vt.

    迷惑,蠱惑

    

    bewilder

    vt.

    (使)迷惑

    

    plague

    n.

    1.瘟疫 2.令人討厭的人或物

    

    

    vt.

    1.折磨,困擾 2.使染瘟疫

    

    plagiarism

    n.

    剽竊,剽竊物

    

    plagiarize

    vt.

    剽竊,抄襲(亦作:plagiarise)

    

    Often they choose - and still are choosing - somewhat colder climates such as Oregon, Idaho and Alaska in order to escape smog, crime and other plagues of urbanization in the Golden State. (NETEM 1998 Passage 4, paragraph 12)

    他們常常選擇--現(xiàn)在依然這樣選擇--一些氣候較冷的地區(qū),如俄勒岡、愛達(dá)荷和阿拉斯加,為的是躲開"金州"加利福尼亞)的煙霧、犯罪和其他城市化進(jìn)程中的麻煩問題。

    radical

    a.

    1.重要的,基本的 2.激進(jìn)的,極端的

    

    radio

    n.

    1.無線電通訊 2.收音機 3.電臺

    

    

    v.

    用無線電通信

    

    radioactive

    a.

    放射性的,放射引起的

    

    radioactivity

    n.

    放射性,放射現(xiàn)象

    

    radiate

    v.

    1.傳播,散布 2.發(fā)光,輻射

    

    radiation

    n.

    1.放射 2.輻射 3.放射物

    

    radiant

    a.

    1.發(fā)光的,輻射的 2.容光煥發(fā)的

    

    

    例:

    radiant with joy 因高興而精神煥發(fā)。

    

    radish

    n.

    小蘿卜

    

    radius

    n.

    半徑

    

    radium

    n.

    鐳

    

    (注:一般ium結(jié)尾都表示一種化學(xué)元素,如aluminum 鋁)

    

    1. Mr. McWhorter acknowledges that formal language is not strictly necessary, and proposes no radical education reforms-he is really grieving over the loss of something beautiful more than useful. (NETEM 2005 Passage 3, paragraph 5)

    麥荷特先生認(rèn)為正式語言并非不可或缺,也沒有提出要進(jìn)行徹底的教育改革--他其實只是為那些美好事務(wù)而不是實用品的消逝而哀嘆。

    2. An education that aims at getting a student a certain kind of job is a technical education, justified for reasons radically different from why education is universally required by law. (NETEM 1999 Passage 3, paragraph 2)

    旨在使學(xué)生勝任某種工作的教育是職業(yè)教育,它存在的理由與法律所規(guī)定的普及教育之間有著根本性的差別。

    3. Anything from cosmic rays to radiation to diet may activate a dormant oncogene, but how remains unknown. (NETEM 1994 Passage 4, paragraph 3)

    從宇宙射線、輻射到日常飲食,任何東西都可能激活一個處于靜止?fàn)顟B(tài)下的致癌基因,但如何激活尚不為人知。

結(jié)束

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