高一英語(yǔ):上學(xué)期期末復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)2
ruin則表示破壞嚴(yán)重,以致不能修復(fù),但這種破壞不像destroy那樣毀滅某物,而是強(qiáng)調(diào)致使該物的使用價(jià)值發(fā)生了問(wèn)題。用作動(dòng)詞時(shí),它作 “使毀滅”、 “使崩潰”,“弄糟”解;用作名詞時(shí),它表示 “毀滅”, “瓦解”,“廢墟”等抽象概念。ruin也有借喻的用法
8. injure: 身體上, 肉體上，損害健康，成就，容貌的傷害
hurt : 使身體部位,精神上，感情受到傷害,造成損失
wound: 刀,子彈,名聲等的傷害 ，戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)上受傷
harm: 肉體或精神上的傷害，有時(shí)可指引起不安或不便，還可用于抽象事物(尤指不道德的事情)
9. be shocked be trapped in
10. wonder : v. in wonder
wonder to do sth. / w- to do sth. /at / about n.奇跡, 驚奇, 驚愕
It is no wonder (that)= No wonder (that) 難怪…
11. All hope was not lost.
all…not …= not all…, some…but not all(表示部分否定)
all, both, each, every + not
All of their answers were not right. = not all of their answers are right.
12. dig out
13. bury vt bury oneself in= be buried in devote oneself to= be devoted to
14.congratulation n.祝詞, 賀辭 常用復(fù)數(shù) + on congratulate sb. on sth.
15. Judging from/ by = to judge by 由……判斷之
Generally speaking Strictly speaking Frankly speaking
16. honor n.尊敬, 敬意, 榮譽(yù), 光榮 vt.尊敬, 給以榮譽(yù)
in honor of sb./sth. in one’s honour 為了紀(jì)念/尊敬……
17.Prepare sth / to do sth./ sb to do sth. / for 準(zhǔn)備, 預(yù)備,
be/get prepared for in preparation for
Module 1 Unit 5 Nelson Mandela – a modern hero
1.ask for 要求得到 ask for sb. 找某人，要求見某人
2. be willing to do sth 樂意(自愿)做, 心甘情愿做
3. be active in 積極參加
4. lose heart 喪失信心 lose one’s heart 愛上某人
5. in trouble 處于不幸中，有麻煩，在監(jiān)禁中
6. die for 為……而死 die for 也意為“渴望，切望”(只用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài))
7. fight (fought, fought)
fight for 為……而戰(zhàn) fight with + 人,國(guó)家 與…并肩作戰(zhàn)
fight against + 事物n. 為反對(duì)……作斗爭(zhēng)
fight against + 人,國(guó)家 和(同)…斗爭(zhēng) =fight with
8. believe in sb. 信任某人 believe sb= believe what sb says. 相信某人的話
9. be free from擺脫(不好的東西)的，無(wú)……的
10. be in prison. 在獄中，被監(jiān)禁
put…in prison = send/take…to prison = throw …into prison 把……投入監(jiān)獄
11. The time when I first met …… was a very difficult period of my life.
This was a time when one had got to ….
12. advise sth
(one’s) doing sth.
sb.to do sth.建議某人干advise sb.not to do sth=advise sb.against doing sth.
sb on sth. 就……給某人出主意
that clause sb (should) do
advice (n.) a piece of advice take sb’s advice 接受某人的勸告
ask for advice on… give sb.(some) advice on. 給某人建議
13. be +距離/時(shí)間+ away 有……遠(yuǎn)
14. continue to do /doing sth
15. fee 付給醫(yī)生，律師，學(xué)校的費(fèi)用，考試，俱樂部，入場(chǎng)卷收取的費(fèi)用。
fare (交通工具的)票價(jià)
reward 報(bào)酬，獎(jiǎng)金 vt. 酬謝，給以報(bào)答 in reward 作為報(bào)酬
16. After trying hard, I got a job in a gold mine.= after I tried hard….
17. be worried about =worry about 擔(dān)心
18. out of work=lose one’s job 失業(yè) (反)be in work
19. The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights …
See表示“見證，目睹”;(在某段時(shí)期)發(fā)生…,經(jīng)歷,經(jīng)受，主語(yǔ)為時(shí)間或物
The parts of town where they lived were places decided by white people.
20. vote 投票，參加選舉，強(qiáng)調(diào)其過(guò)程
choose選擇,指從眾多事物中挑選 選舉， elect強(qiáng)調(diào)選舉結(jié)果
21.He has got himself into a dangerous situation where (in which) he is likely to lose control over the plan.
22. accept 主觀接受 receive客觀收到
23. Only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.
only then 此處引起倒裝句，當(dāng)only修飾狀語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí)，句子采用部分倒裝
only 修飾主語(yǔ)時(shí)，句子不倒裝。
24. as a matter of fact= in fact事實(shí)上
25. blow up 使充氣，爆炸 blow off 吹掉，吹走
blow down 吹倒 blow out 吹滅
26. be equal to 等于，相當(dāng)于
27.imagine +n. / doing sth. /sb.+doing / that… n. imagination
28. escape from sp. 逃脫, 避開, 溜走 escape doing sth. 避免
29. in one way = in a way (M2 Unit 3) = in some ways
all the way 一直，一路上 by the way 順便一提
in this way 以這種方式 in the way 妨礙 擋路
on one’s/the way 在途中 in no way 絕不 No way!門兒都沒有!
lose one’s way 迷路 lead the way 帶頭， 領(lǐng)先
30. He taught us during the…… when we should have been asleep.
should do應(yīng)該做,一般指現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的動(dòng)作，指過(guò)去的動(dòng)作時(shí)應(yīng)站在過(guò)去的角度。
should have done 表示本應(yīng)該做而沒有做的.站在現(xiàn)在的角度上評(píng)說(shuō)過(guò)去的事情。
asleep 是表語(yǔ)形容詞，意為“睡著的”。 sleep 是動(dòng)詞或名詞，意為“睡覺”。
sleepy 是形容詞，意為“打盹的”
31. As they were not cleverer than me, but did pass their exam….
“did pass” 為強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)，強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，在動(dòng)詞原行前加do, does, did.
eg. Do be careful! He does speak English well!
I do hope you have a merry Christmas!
32. come to power = come into power 執(zhí)政, 當(dāng)權(quán)，上臺(tái) in power 當(dāng)權(quán)，執(zhí)政
33. I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.
every time，每次…就…immediately，the moment/ minute /instant=as soon as ,
next time下次…..時(shí),等起從屬連詞的作用，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。
I thought her nice and honest the first time I met her.
Next time he comes, he asks me for some money.
34. set up set out to do sth = set about doing sth. 著手做某事
35. be sentenced to
36. terror n. 恐怖，可怕的人或事 fear n. &vt. 恐懼，可怕
fear + n./to do /that… for fear of … for fear that… 擔(dān)心 惟恐
37.beat n. 敲擊，跳動(dòng) beating n. 打、輸
Module 2 Unit 1 Cultural relics
1. survive vt &vi 幸存 survivor (n.) 幸存者 survival (n.) 幸存
2. remain (1) vi. 留下, 遺留
(2) link-verb. 后接 n. adj. / 介詞短語(yǔ) / 表位置的adv.
3. the rest 作主語(yǔ)時(shí), 根據(jù)指帶對(duì)象不同,可能是單數(shù),也可能是復(fù)數(shù).
4.look into 調(diào)查
5. state 狀態(tài), 可數(shù)名詞; condition 條件, 復(fù)數(shù)形式表 “環(huán)境, 狀況”;
situation 指處境, 局勢(shì)。 state側(cè)重于政權(quán) country側(cè)重于疆土 nation側(cè)重于民族
6.belong to 不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)
7.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + have done 表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情的推測(cè)、批評(píng)、反悔等意。
can’t/ couldn’t have done不可能做過(guò)
could have done 可能做過(guò);本來(lái)可以做(卻未做)
might have done 或許做過(guò);本來(lái)或許會(huì)做
may have done 或許做過(guò)
would have done 本來(lái)要做(卻未做)
must have done 肯定已做過(guò)(表推測(cè))
needn’t have done 本來(lái)沒必要做(卻已做)
should(n’t) / ought (n’t) have done 本來(lái)(不)應(yīng)該做(卻做了)
8. gift 禮物; 天賦 have a gift for sth. gifted (adj.) 有天賦的
9. be used to do sth. 被用來(lái)做……
be used to doing 習(xí)慣于做某事(表狀態(tài))
used to(do) 過(guò)去常常做某事，(現(xiàn)在不了)
get used to 表示由不習(xí)慣到習(xí)慣的變化
be used to +n./doing 表示已經(jīng)習(xí)慣或已形成的狀態(tài)
否定：didn't’t use to/ usedn’t to/ used not to
一般疑問(wèn)：Did… use to…?/ Used … to…?
10. Although it feels as hard as stone, it easily melts when (it is) heated.
11. Once it is heated, the amber can be made into any shape.
12. The design for the room was of the fancy style popular in those days.
“be + of + 名詞(詞組)” , 表示主語(yǔ)的某種形狀、特性或特征。
of great importance=important of interest=interesting
of use=useful of help=helpful of value=valuable
be of + size/ length/ height/ depth be of the same size
fancy + that-/one’s doing sth / sb to be…/ sb as /sth /doing sth.
13. be made into 被制成 be made up of 由……組成/構(gòu)成
be made of 由……制成(能看出原材料)
be made from 由……制成(看不出原材料)
be made in產(chǎn)于，生產(chǎn)于(某地/某時(shí))
14. in return. 回報(bào),作為報(bào)酬 in turn 輪流地,依次; 反過(guò)來(lái)
by turns 輪流地,時(shí)而…時(shí)而…
15..serve as 擔(dān)任，充當(dāng) act as work as 以…(的身份)工作， 當(dāng)…
He serve as a waiter there
16. In 1770, the room was completed (the way(that/ in which/ 不填) she wanted it.
“the way”后跟定語(yǔ)從句，在從句中作方式狀語(yǔ), the way的用法與連詞相同,
I still remember the way that ( in which, / )she did it.
I liked the way that / in which she organized the meeting.
當(dāng)way前面有adj.作定語(yǔ)時(shí)， 其前不省略in
He always writes in a careless way.
17. 介詞+名詞 (表狀態(tài))
at war/work/home/table on show/duty/sale/holiday/fire/watch
in trouble/danger/battle/doubt under repair/discussion/construction建設(shè)
18. a piece of / a set of furniture.
19. There’s no doubt that… (肯定句)doubt whether /if
There’s no need to do / for sth / sb There’s no possibility that…
There’s no doubt of / about +n. There’s no doubt about his honesty.
20. missing: “丟失的, 缺少的”, 強(qiáng)調(diào)不在場(chǎng);
lost: 過(guò)去分詞, “失去的, 喪失的”
gone: 過(guò)去分詞, “過(guò)去的,不在的,丟了”,常作表語(yǔ)和補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。
21 take apart 拆開 tell … apart
They look almost the same, it’s hard to tell them apart.
22. consider sth./ doing / that clause考慮，認(rèn)為 considering 就…而言
consider…as = consider…. to be
consider …. to have done ------
be consider to have done He is considered to have stole the picture.
23. prove
這三種結(jié)構(gòu)都可以是prove作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞用法。
1)prove+n.(作賓語(yǔ))，意“證明某事”，如：
The scientist finally proved the fact.那位科學(xué)家最終證實(shí)了那個(gè)事實(shí)。
2)prove+that賓語(yǔ)從句
The fact proved that his statement was true. 事實(shí)證明他的說(shuō)法是正確的。
3)prove+賓語(yǔ)+(to be)…(作賓補(bǔ))
He proved himself (to be) honest.他證明自己誠(chéng)實(shí)。
另外，prove還可作系動(dòng)詞，后接(to be)+名詞/形容詞，構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)，意“結(jié)果是…，證明是”，沒有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 The book proved (to be) interesting.
24. pretend sth/ to do /that-clause/ to be doing 假裝
25. think highly /much / well of 看重，器重
think little / nothing / badly / ill / poorly of 輕視，不重視
26. Nor do I think they should give it to any government.
Nor could slaves or women. (M2 unit2)
Module 2 Unit 2 The Olympic Games
1. compete: (vt) take part in a race, contest, exam, etc.
(1) compete in 在…中比賽/競(jìng)爭(zhēng)
(2) compete against / with… 與…競(jìng)爭(zhēng)/比賽
(3) compete for 為…而競(jìng)爭(zhēng)/比賽
competitor 競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者 competition 競(jìng)爭(zhēng),比賽 competitive (adj) 競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性的,比賽性的
2 .take part in (正式) + 運(yùn)動(dòng)/ 罷工/ 運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)/ 戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)/游戲/ 試驗(yàn)/ 談話等
join (非正式)+ 團(tuán)體, 活動(dòng)成為一員+ 參軍/ 入黨/ 入團(tuán)
join in (正在進(jìn)行的活動(dòng), 有時(shí)=take part in )
attend (= be present at 出席)
3. host做東, 主辦 hold 舉行, 召開
4. On a journey 在進(jìn)行旅行 on business 在出差
journey 較長(zhǎng)時(shí)間或教長(zhǎng)距離的旅行，“行程，旅程”
travel 泛指一切旅游
trip 一般指往返的旅行，尤其指娛樂性的短途旅游。
tour 指考察、觀光等巡回各地的旅行，也指短途旅游。
5 .magical adj. 不可思議的=unbelievable magic (n.) magician (人)
magically adv.
6. interview n/ v interviewee (被采訪者) interviewer 采訪者
Make an interview Have an interview with sb. interview sb.
a job interview 求職面試 a television interview 電視采訪
7.time “時(shí)代，時(shí)期”， 單復(fù)數(shù)均可
all the time 一直，始終 at all times 無(wú)論何時(shí)，一直
at one time曾經(jīng)，一度 at times 有時(shí)，不時(shí)
from time to time 有時(shí)，不時(shí) in no time 立刻，馬上
ahead of time 提早(前) at a time 每次，一次
in time及時(shí) on time 準(zhǔn)時(shí) at times =sometimes有時(shí)
at the same time
sometime 某時(shí) some time 一段時(shí)間 some times幾次
(責(zé)任編輯：康彥林)
特別說(shuō)明：由于各省份高考政策等信息的不斷調(diào)整與變化，育路高考網(wǎng)所提供的所有考試信息僅供考生及家長(zhǎng)參考，敬請(qǐng)考生及家長(zhǎng)以權(quán)威部門公布的正式信息為準(zhǔn)。
分享“高一英語(yǔ):上學(xué)期期末復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)2”到：
- 高一英語(yǔ)：必修一期末章節(jié)復(fù)習(xí)要點(diǎn)第五
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- 高一英語(yǔ)：必修一期末考試章節(jié)復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)
- 高一英語(yǔ):第一學(xué)期必備知識(shí)點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法2
- 高一英:語(yǔ)第一學(xué)期必備知識(shí)點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法
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