高一英語:知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納
這是重點(diǎn)句型 :1.“So + be/have/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)。此結(jié)構(gòu)中的語序是倒裝的,“So”代替上句中的某個(gè)成分。如果上面一句是否定句,則使用“Neither/Nor+be/have/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語”的結(jié)構(gòu)。
例如 He’s tired,and so am I.(=I’ m also tired.)
You can swim,and so can I.(=I can also swim.)
She has had supper,and so can I.(=I’ve had lunch,too.)
Tom speaks English,and so does his sister.(=His sister speaks English,too.)
A: I went to the park yesterday.
B: So did I.(=I also went to the park yesterday.)
2.“So +主語+be/have/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中的主謂是正常語序,so相當(dāng)于indeed,certainly,表示說話人對前面或?qū)Ψ剿f情況的肯定、贊同或證實(shí),語氣較強(qiáng),意思是“確實(shí)如此”。
例如 A:It was cold yesterday.昨天很冷。
B:So it was.的確如此。(=Yes,it was.)
A:You seem to like sports.
B:So I do.(=Yes,I do.)
A:It will be fine tomorrow.
B:So it will.(=Yes ,it will.)
3.“主語+do/does/did + so”結(jié)構(gòu)指的是按上句的要求做了。此句型中do so代替上文中要求做的事,以免重復(fù)。
My Chinese teacher told me to hand in my composition on time and I did so.(=I handed in
my composition on time.) 語文老師叫我按時(shí)交作文, 我照辦了。
4.So it is with…或 It is the same with…句型表示 “……(的情況)也是如此。”當(dāng)前面的句子中有幾種不同形式的謂語時(shí),要表示相同情況,必須使用本句型,不能使用so 引起的倒裝句。
She doesn’t play the piano, but she likes singing. So it is with my sister.
5、There you are. 行了,好。
這是一句表示一種事情告一段落或有了最終結(jié)果的用語。如:
There you are! Then let's have some coffee.
除此之外,還可以表示“瞧,對吧(果然如此)”的語氣。例如:
There you are! I knew we should find it at last.
對吧!我就知道我們最終能找到的。
6、have some difficulty (in) doing sth.
干某事有困難;接名詞時(shí),常用句型:have some difficulty with sth.
�、貲o you have any difficulty (in) understanding English?
你理解英語口語有困難嗎?
②She said she had some difficulty with pronunciation.
她說她在發(fā)音方面有困難。
7、have a good knowledge of sth.
“掌握……”,“對……有某種程度的了解”
�、貶e has a good knowledge of London.
他對倫敦有所了解。
�、贏 good knowledge of languages is always useful.
8、Tree after tree went own, cut down by the water, which must have been three metres deep.
一棵又一棵的樹被水沖倒、沖斷。那水肯定有三米深。
“must have + 過去分詞”表示對已發(fā)生事情的猜測。在英語中,must,may,can三個(gè)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞可用來表示對事情的猜測。Must意為“肯定”,語氣很有把握;may意為“可能”、“也許”,語氣把握性不大。兩者常用在肯定句中。Can意為“肯定”、“也許”,常用在否定句或疑問句中。Must,may,can三者用于表示猜測時(shí),其后面可跟三種不同的動(dòng)詞形式:1)跟動(dòng)詞原形表示對現(xiàn)在事情的猜測;
2)跟be doing表示對正在發(fā)生事情的猜測;3)跟have done表示對已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情的猜測。例如:
Helen is Lucy’s good friend. She must know Lucy’s e-mail.海倫是露茜的好朋友。她肯定知道露茜的電子郵件。
We can hear loud voices in the meeting room. They must be quarrelling.我們可以聽到會(huì)議
室很吵。他們肯定在吵架。
I met Jeff at the gate a moment ago. He can’t have gone to Australia.我剛才還在大門口見
過杰夫。他不可能去了澳大利亞。
9、Wei Bin took out some peanuts and it was fun to see the monkey eat from his hand.魏彬拿出一些花生�?粗镒訌乃稚铣曰ㄉ�,很有趣。
fun “好玩,趣事”,不可數(shù)名詞,前面不加不定冠詞a。
You’re sure to have some fun at the party tonight. 今天晚上你肯定會(huì)玩得很開心。
make fun of“取笑”,“嘲弄”。People make fun of him only because he is wearing such a
strange jacket.人們嘲笑他只是因?yàn)樗┝艘患敲雌婀值囊路?/p>
funny adj. “可笑的,滑稽的”。He looks very funny in his father’s jacket.他穿著他父親
的衣服,看上去很滑稽。
10、Many people who saw the film were afraid to swim in the sea……
許多看過這部電影的人都不敢在海里游。
重點(diǎn)詞組:
1. fond of “喜愛,愛好” 接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞的-ing形式。例如:
He’s fond of swimming. 他喜歡游泳。
Are you fond of fresh vegetables. 你喜歡新鮮蔬菜嗎?
He is fond of his research work. 他喜愛他的研究工作。
2. hunt for = look for尋找
I have found the book I was hunting for.我找到了那本我在找的書。
hunt for a job 找工作
3. in order to, so as to 這兩個(gè)詞組都可引導(dǎo)不定式作目的狀語, in order to可放于句首, so as to則不能, 其否定形式為in order not to / so as not to. 如:
He went to Beijing in order / so as to attend an important meeting.
In order to be noticed, he shouted and waved to us.為了讓我們注意他, 他朝我們又是叫喊又是揮手。
4. care about
1) 喜歡,對……有興趣 = care for
She doesn’t care about money.她不喜歡錢。
2)關(guān)心 = care for
She thinks only of herself. She doesn’t care about other people.
她只考慮自己。她不關(guān)心別人。
3)在乎,在意(接從句或不接任何成分)
These young people care nothing about what old people might say.
這些年輕人根本不在乎老人說的話。
5. such as 意為“諸如……”,“像……”,是用來列舉人或事物的。
She teaches three subjects, such as physics and chemistry.她教三門科目,像物理、化學(xué)。
6. drop * a line 留下便條, 寫封短信
7、make yourself at home 別客氣;隨便;無拘束
(1) If you get to my house before I do, help yourself to a drink and make yourself at home.
如果你在我之前到我家,自己喝點(diǎn)飲料,隨便一點(diǎn)。
8、stay up 不睡;熬夜
(1) I'll be late home, don't stay up for me.
我將回家很晚,不要等我了。
(2) He stayed up reading until 2:00 in the morning.
他熬夜看書直到凌晨兩點(diǎn)。
9、come about 引起;發(fā)生;產(chǎn)生
(1)How did the accident come about?
這場事故是怎么發(fā)生的?
(2) They didn't know how the change had come about.
他們不知道這個(gè)變化是怎樣產(chǎn)生的。
10、except for 除……之外
(1) except 與 except for 的用法常有區(qū)別。except 多用于引起同類事物中被排除的一項(xiàng)。如:
�、貶e answered all the questions except the last one.
除去最后一個(gè),他回答了所有問題。
②We go there every day except Sunday.
除了星期天,我們天天去那里。
(2)except for 用于引述細(xì)節(jié)以修正句子的主要意思。如:
�、貳xcept for one old lady, the bus was empty.
除去一個(gè)老太太,這輛公共汽車全空了。
�、赮our picture is good except for the colours.
你的畫兒很好,只是某些色彩有問題。
(3)但在現(xiàn)代英語中,except for也用于表示except的意思。如上述第一個(gè)例子可以是:
He answered all the questions except for the last one.
(4) 另外,在介詞短語之前只能用except,不能用except for。如:
We go to bed before ten, except in the summer.
除了夏季,我們通常十點(diǎn)之前上床睡覺。
(責(zé)任編輯:康彥林)
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