高一英語:上冊第三單元知識點Lesson 1 Festivals
一.重點單詞
1.include v.包含,包括
Six students have been to Japan, including me.
六個學(xué)生曾去過日本,包括我。
拓展:
(1)contain 指作為組成部分被包含在內(nèi),是內(nèi)容物的包括。
The drink contains alcohol.
這種飲料里含有酒精。
(2)include指作為整體的一部分包括進(jìn)去,是范圍的包括。
His duty includes answering phones.
他的責(zé)任包括接電話。
(3) including +名詞/代詞 意思為 “包括...在內(nèi)”。
(4) 名詞/代詞+ included 意思為 “...被包括在內(nèi)”。
運(yùn)用:選擇填空
(1)Five students, ____Tom, passed the exam the other day.
A. included B. including C. contain D. contained
答案:B including +名詞/代詞 意思為 “包括...在內(nèi)”,
名詞/代詞+ included 意思為 “...被包括在內(nèi)”。Tom included 也對。
(2) The boss has______ the broken cup in your bill.
A. including B. included C. contained D. containing
答案:B include指作為整體的一部分包括進(jìn)去,是范圍的包括。
2.journey n.旅行
拓展:
trip , tour, travel與journey的區(qū)別
journey主要指路地長途旅行, trip常指短距離的旅行,遠(yuǎn)足。
tour常指觀光、考察等的環(huán)游旅行,travel指短距離或國外旅行
運(yùn)用:選擇填空
He likes __ to France.
A. journey B. traveling C. tour D. trip
答案:B like to do/doing sth
3. power n.
1) 權(quán),政權(quán);權(quán)力;勢力 (+over)
2) 職權(quán);權(quán)限[C][U][+to-v]
The president has the power to vote down bills.
總統(tǒng)有權(quán)否決議案。
3) 能力,本領(lǐng) (+of)
She lost her power of speech.
她失去了說話的能力。
4)力;動力,電力
The shortage of power dimmed the streets.
由于電力不足,街道昏暗。
5) (有時大寫)有權(quán)力的人;有影響的機(jī)構(gòu);強(qiáng)國,大國
The world powers will meet in Paris this summer.
今夏世界上的大國將在巴黎聚會。
拓展:
powerful adj. 有影響力的,權(quán)力大的 powerfully adv.有權(quán)勢地
(1) come into power 上臺、執(zhí)政(強(qiáng)調(diào)動作)
(2) the power to do sth =the power of doing sth 做……的能力
類似用法的詞還有way, chance等。
(3) out of/beyond one's power 某人不能勝任的;能力所不及
(4) in power 執(zhí)政,當(dāng)權(quán)(強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài))
(5) have power over sb. 能支配某人
運(yùn)用:選擇填空
When Hitler came into___, he found the doors of the study closed to him.
A. light B. power C. office D. being
答案:B come into power 上臺、執(zhí)政。
4.accept v.接受、應(yīng)允、收受 答應(yīng)
拓展:
accept強(qiáng)調(diào)自愿主動地接受,receive強(qiáng)調(diào)被動接受 或收到
accept作及物動詞,還表示承認(rèn),相信 ,接納。
Mary received a gift from a friend of hers, but she didn't accept it.
I can't accept my new boss.
運(yùn)用:選擇填空
He did____ the gift, but he didn’t____ it.
A. accept; receive B. receive; accept
C. accepted; receive. D. receive; accepted
答案: D accept強(qiáng)調(diào)自愿主動地接受,receive強(qiáng)調(diào)被動接受 或收到。
5.decorate vt裝飾;布置
He decorated the room with flowers.
他用鮮花裝飾了那間房子。
拓展:
(1)decorate sth with sth 用某物裝點某物
(2)decoration n 裝潢,裝飾品
運(yùn)用: 翻譯
他為了給我裝修房間買了許多裝飾品給我。
答案: He bought me a lot of decorations to decorate my rooms.
6.darkness 黑暗
The whole country was in thick darkness when the war broke out.
當(dāng)戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)時,整個國家都籠罩在深深的黑暗中。
拓展:
darkness與dark的區(qū)別,darkness常指一時的黑暗。dark表示經(jīng)常
的黑暗或長時間的黑暗,用時需加the。
Keep sb in the dark 為某人保密
Keep sth in the dark 暗中做事
運(yùn)用:選擇填空
lt was ________before we got there.
A. lights B. moon C. bright D. dark
答案: D dark表示經(jīng)常的黑暗或長時間的黑暗。
7. occasion n.
1) 場合,時刻;重大活動,盛典[C]
2) 時機(jī),機(jī)會
I seized the occasion to invite her home for dinner.
我抓住機(jī)會邀請她回家里吃飯。
3)起因,近因 (+of)
His departure was the occasion of much sadness.
他的離別是令人十分悲傷的起因。
4) 理由;需要[U] (+for/+to-v)
He has no occasion to buy another bike.
他沒有必要再買一輛自行車。
拓展:occasion vt.
引起;惹起
Li Ming rude behavior occasioned a quarrel.
李明的粗魯行為引起了一場爭吵。
與occasion搭配的相關(guān)詞組:
by occasion of 由于,因為;
on occasion(s) 偶爾,間或,有時;
on the occasion of 在…之際;
on this occasion 這一次
on one occasion 曾經(jīng),有一個時候
運(yùn)用:完成句子
(1) 由于粗心她沒有通過考試。
He failed the exam ____ occasion ___ his carelessness.
答案: by; of
(2) 你沒有理由賣掉這房子。
You have no occasion ___ ___ the house.
答案:to; sell
8. contribute v.
拓展:(1)捐獻(xiàn),貢獻(xiàn),增加
The terrible weather contributed to our difficulty .
惡劣的天氣增加人們的困難。
(2)向……投稿
Li Lei often contributes to the magazine.
李雷經(jīng)常給雜志投稿。
(3)contribution n.貢獻(xiàn),常用詞組 make a contribution /contributions to
為……做貢獻(xiàn)
They made great contributions to their motherland.
他為他的祖國作出了很大的貢獻(xiàn)。
運(yùn)用:選擇填空
The rich man _________much money ___his hometown.
A.contributed; to B.contribute; to C.contibuted to; to D.contributes to; on
(責(zé)任編輯:康彥林)
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