高一英語：知識點總結(jié)Unit5-6(13)
[例句]The electricity supply must be turned off at the mains before you change the lighting circuit. 在改變火線前，主干線的電力供應必須切斷。 Mrs Garey as usual went to the door to see him off. Garey夫人像通常一樣把他送到門口。He had to put off an appointment with me on account of illness. 因為疾病的緣故，他不得不推遲了與我的約會。Before the body of the car can be properly repaired, all the external fittings must be taken off. 車身適當修理前，所有外部的配件必須拿下來。The fire doesn't seem to be giving off much heat. 這爐火好像不大熱。
【考例】John is leaving for London tomorrow and I will ____ him ____ at the airport.
A. send...away B. leave...off
C. see...off D. show...around
[考查目標]此題主要考查短語see off的用法。
[答案與解析]C see off 意為“給某人送行”;send away意為“派遣”;leave off意為“停止，不再穿”;show around意為“帶領某人參觀”。
[牛刀小試2]
在下列句子的空白處填上適當?shù)慕樵~或副詞。
1. My grandmother had put ____ over$50,000 when she was sixty—five years old.
2. His mother had thought it would be good for his charac- ter to get ____ home and earn some money on his own.
3. The market was filled ____ salted fish, giving the worst smell that you can imagine.
4. -- What do you think the contest? -- I was told that the English Speech Contest went ____ successfully last night.
5. If you had gone ____ your test paper carefully before handing it in you would have made fewer mistakes.
☆句型詮釋☆
1. The reason why he could not go there was that his grades were too low. 他沒能上電影學院是因為他的分數(shù)太低了。
該句巾的why引導一個定語從句，而that引導表語從句。
1. 句中that引導的表語從句說明主語reason的具體內(nèi)容，往往被看作是固定句型：The reason is / was that clause. 當主語是reason / cause時，一般不能用because或why引導表語從句，以免造成語意重復。當主語是This / That時，可以由because / why引導表語從句。例如：One reason is that people traveled to America from all European countries.
【考例】(NMET 1999)
-- I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.
-- Is that ____ you had a few days off?
A. why B. when C. what D. where
[考查目標] 表語從句。
[答案與解析]A 句子的意思是“那就是你請了幾天假的原因嗎?”因此可知答案為why。
2. why在句中是關(guān)系副詞，引導定語從句，修飾先行詞reason，同時它在定語從句中作狀語，此時why = for which，但要注意：關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作主語或賓語時，要用關(guān)系代詞that或which。
【考例】Is this the reason ____ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?
A. he explained B. what he explained
C. how he explained D. why he explained
[考查目標]定語從句。
[答案與解析]A what，how不能引導定語從句，排除B、C兩項;the reason在定語從句中作explained的賓語，可填that / which，或者也可以省略。
2. Many people who saw the film were afraid to swim in the sea when they remembered the scenes in which people were eaten by the shark. 好多看過這個片子的人一想起片中鯊魚食人的場面.就不敢下海游泳了。
該句是一個復雜長句，從when到句子末尾是狀語從句，在從句中包含一個由which引導的定語從句，修飾先行詞scenes; 在前面的主句里面。包含一個由who引導的定語從句，修飾先行詞people。例如：Those who want to go camping next Sunday sign your name here before class is over.
定語從句關(guān)系詞的選擇，要遵循“瞻前顧后”的原則，所謂“瞻前”即看前面的先行詞指人還是指物;“顧后”即后面的定語從句，看關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作什么成分。例如：This is the factory where he works. (狀語) / This is the factory (that / which) he visited. (賓語)
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