完形填空(Cloze Test)也稱短文填空或綜合填空，它考核的是考生綜合運(yùn)用語言的能力。由于自然語言都存在冗余現(xiàn)象，這一現(xiàn)象使考生在閱讀一篇文章的時候，即使文章被抽去部分的詞，考生仍然可能根據(jù)對剩余部分的分析來理解整篇文章的思想，并可推斷出缺損部分的信息，而這種推斷信息的準(zhǔn)確度就取決于考生綜合運(yùn)用語言的能力。

　　《同等學(xué)力申碩碩士學(xué)位全國聯(lián)考英語考試大綱》規(guī)定：完形填空是一篇150～200詞之間的一般性短文。短文中有10個空白，每個空白為一題。考生須在理解短文意思的基礎(chǔ)上從為每個空白提供的四個選擇項中選出一個最佳答案。

　　這一部分對多數(shù)考生而言是考試的難點(diǎn)，得分率低。下面通過完形填空真題為例，幫助考生熟悉、分析這種題型的特點(diǎn)和考點(diǎn)，以便于采取相應(yīng)的科學(xué)的復(fù)習(xí)方法和運(yùn)用合理的解題思路和方法技巧。

　　Cloze Test (15 minutes, 5 points)

　　Directions: There are ten blanks in the following passage. For each numbered blank, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSCER SHEET with a single line through the center.

　　Visitors to this country are normally admitted for six months, but foreign students can usually stay for one year. They must 1 an educational institution, and they are required to study for a 2 of fifteen hours a week on a daytime course. Prospective students have to show that they can afford their studies, and that they have sufficient 3 resources to support themselves 4 in this country.

　　In order to work here the foreigner needs a work permit, 5 must be applied for by his prospective employer. The problem here is that the Department of Employment has the right to grant or 6 these permits, and there is little that can be done 7 it; it would be extremely unwise for a foreign visitor to work 8 a permit, since anyone doing so is liable to immediate deportation(驅(qū)逐出境). There are some people from the European countries, who are often given 9 residence permits of up to five years. Some other people, such as doctors, foreign journalists, authors and others can work without permits, and foreign students are normally allowed to 10 part-time jobs while they are studying here.

　　1.A.establish B.purchase C.prove D.attend

　　2.A.minimum B.maximum C.minority D.majority

　　3.A.natural B.financial C.human D.economical

　　4.A.after B.since C.while D.before

　　5.A.it B.what C.that D.which

　　6.A.receive B.refuse C.oppose D.accept

　　7.A.for B.on C.about D.with

　　8.A.with B.before C.after D.without

　　9.A.temporary B.interior C.permanent D.short

　　10.A.engage B.take C.expect D.work

　　人民大學(xué)在職研究生答案與解析版：

　　1. D。本題測試固定搭配。attend an educational institution意為“參加一個教育機(jī)構(gòu)”。A.establish“建立”;B.purchase“購買”;C.prove“證明”;均與題意不符。

　　2. A。本題測試形近詞和近義詞的區(qū)別。根據(jù)題意，是表示“至少一周十五小時的學(xué)習(xí)”，表示最小值，應(yīng)選A.minimum。B.maximum“最大值”;C.minority“少數(shù)，少數(shù)民族”;D.majority“多數(shù)，大半”;均不符題意。

　　3. B。本題測試近義詞的區(qū)別。表示“經(jīng)濟(jì)來源，資金來源”，應(yīng)用B.financial“財政的，金融的”。A和C明顯不符題意;D.economical是表示“節(jié)約的，經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)惠的”，也不符題意。

　　4. C。本題測試連接詞。根據(jù)上下文，是指“在該國期間”，故只能選C.while。

　　5. D。本題測試非限定性定語從句。此處缺少一個關(guān)系代詞，代替a work permit，在從句中做主語，故應(yīng)選D.which。

　　6. B。本題測試根據(jù)上下文選詞的能力。此處所缺詞與grant用or連接，表示二者是并列的關(guān)系，且意思應(yīng)正好相反，即表示“批準(zhǔn)或拒絕”，故選B.refuse。A.receive“收到，接收”;C.oppose“反對”;D.accept“接受”。

　　7. C。本題測試介詞搭配。根據(jù)上下文，是表示“對此(就業(yè)部是批準(zhǔn)還是拒絕你的申請)你無能為力”，故應(yīng)選C.about。

　　8. D。本題測試介詞。根據(jù)上下文，是表示“外國游客如沒有工作許可證就打工是非常不明智的”，故應(yīng)選D.without。

　　9. A。本題測試根據(jù)上下文選詞的能力。此處缺少一個形容詞修飾residence permits，表示“臨時居住許可證”，故應(yīng)選A.temporary“暫時的，臨時的”。B.interior“內(nèi)部的”;C.permanent“長久的，永久的”;D.short“短暫的”;均不符題意。

　　10.B。本題測試固定搭配。take part-time jobs意為“從事兼職工作”。其他動詞都不能搭配jobs