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初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法講解:形容詞
形容詞、副詞:
1、形容詞:用來(lái)說(shuō)明或修飾名詞、代詞的詞稱為形容詞。
1、形容詞的句法作用:作句子中名詞的定語(yǔ)、句子的表語(yǔ)以及賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。
2、形容詞在句子中的位置:
�、抛鞫ㄕZ(yǔ)時(shí)放在名詞的前面,且音節(jié)少的詞放在音節(jié)多的詞之前。如:a big yellow wooden wheel(一個(gè)黃色的大木輪)
�、谱鞅碚Z(yǔ)時(shí)放在連系動(dòng)詞之后。如:The price sounds reasonable.(這個(gè)價(jià)格聽(tīng)起來(lái)算是合理)
⑶作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)放在賓語(yǔ)之后。如:We must try our best to keep our environment clean.(我們必須盡力保持我們的環(huán)境清潔)
⑷后置的情況:
�、傩揎棌�(fù)合不定代詞時(shí)放在代詞之后。如:Something serious has happened to him.(他發(fā)生了嚴(yán)重的事故)
�、谂c表示“長(zhǎng)、寬、高、重、老、遠(yuǎn)離”的詞連用時(shí)形容詞后置。如:He's 1.8 metres tall.(他身高1.8米。)The moon is about 380,000 kilometres away from the earth.(月球離地38萬(wàn)公里)
3、有關(guān)形容詞的用法辨析:
�、� whole與all:記住兩個(gè)詞序:① the whole + 名詞;②all (of) the + 名詞。如:He was busy the whole morning.(整個(gè)早晨他都很忙) / He can remember all the words he learns.(他能記住學(xué)過(guò)的所有單詞)
�、� tall與high, short與low:指人的個(gè)子時(shí)用tall與short;指其他事物時(shí)一般用high與low。如:He's very tall/short.(他個(gè)子高/矮) / Tall trees are standing on both sides of that avenue.(大道的兩側(cè)有高大的樹(shù)木) / A few people live on high mountains.(少量的人住在高山上)
�、� real與true:real一般指東西的真假,譯為“真的”;而true則指事情或消息的可靠性,譯為“真實(shí)的”。如:This is a real diamond(鉆石) and it's very expensive.(這是貨真價(jià)實(shí)的鉆石,非常貴) / --Is that true?—Yes. I heard it with my own ears.(那真實(shí)嗎?是的,我親耳所聽(tīng))
�、� interested與interesting的區(qū)別:interesting指人或東西“有趣的”,作定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ),而interested則表示人對(duì)別的事物“感興趣的”,只能作表語(yǔ)。如:The man is very interesting and all the children like him. (這個(gè)人很有趣,孩子們都喜歡他)/ This book is interesting and you can really enjoy yourself.(這本書(shū)很有趣,你會(huì)真正獲得享受) / I am interested in science.(我對(duì)自然科學(xué)感興趣)
�、� such用法: such + a(n) + 名詞(單數(shù))(+that從句)。如:I have never seen such a foolish(愚蠢的) boy.(我從來(lái)沒(méi)有見(jiàn)過(guò)這么蠢的男孩) / He had such a terrible accident that he could never forget it.(他遭遇了這么可怕的事故,他永遠(yuǎn)也不會(huì)忘記)
⑹ good與well:表示“好”時(shí),作定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)用good,作狀語(yǔ)用well;表示“(身體)好”時(shí)用well.如:Doing sports is good for us.(進(jìn)行運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)我們有益) / Study well and make progress every day.(好好學(xué)習(xí),天天向上) / --How are you?—I am very well.(你好嗎?我很好。)
�、� nice與fine:的區(qū)別:nice表示令人愉快的,可以指東西、人物外表等;fine一般指身體或天氣好。如:Let's go and share(分享) the nice cake.(我們?nèi)シ窒砟菈K美味的蛋糕吧) / She is a nice girl.(他是個(gè)漂亮的姑娘) / What a fine day!(多好的天氣!) /He's fine recently(最近)。(近來(lái)他身體不錯(cuò))
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