小升初英語(yǔ)常見(jiàn)易錯(cuò)題型解析匯總

　　41.誤〕 Three days after he died. 正〕 After three days he died. 〔正〕 Three days later he died.

　　〔析〕 after 與 later都可以用來(lái)表達(dá)一段時(shí)間之后，但它們所處的位置不同，after 在時(shí)間詞前，而later在時(shí)間詞后。

　　42.〔誤〕 She hid herself after the tree. 〔正〕 She hid herself behind the tree.

　　〔析〕 after多用來(lái)表達(dá)某動(dòng)作之后，所以有的語(yǔ)法書(shū)中稱(chēng)它為動(dòng)態(tài)介詞，如：I run after him. After finishing my homework, I went to see a film. 而behind則多用于靜態(tài)事物之后。

　　43.〔誤〕 There is a beautiful bird on the tree. 正〕 There is a beautiful bird in the tree.

　　〔析〕 樹(shù)上長(zhǎng)出的果實(shí)，樹(shù)葉要用on, 而其他外來(lái)的人、物體均要用in the tree.

　　44.〔誤〕 Shanghai is on the east of China. 〔正〕 Shanghai is in the east of China.

　　〔析〕 在表達(dá)地理位置時(shí)有3個(gè)介詞：in, on, to。 in表示在某范圍之內(nèi); on表示與某地區(qū)接壤;to則表示不相接。如：Japan is to the east of China.

　　45.〔誤〕 I arrived at New York on July 2nd. 〔正〕 I arrived in New York on July 2nd.

　　〔析〕 at用來(lái)表達(dá)較小的地方，而in用來(lái)表達(dá)較大的地方。at常用于at the school gate, at home, at a bus stop, at the station, at the cinema, at a small village。

　　46.〔誤〕 He lived in No. 3 Beijing Road. 〔正〕 He lived at No. 3 Beijing Road.

　　〔析〕 在門(mén)牌號(hào)碼前要用at, 并要注意它的慣用法：at the end of the street, at the foot of the mountain, at the top of the page。

　　47.〔誤〕 There is a colour TV set at the corner of the hall. 〔正〕 There is a colour TV set in the corner of the hall.

　　〔析〕 在屋內(nèi)的角落應(yīng)用in，而墻的外角用at，如：There is a tree at the corner of the street.

　　48. 〔誤〕 Do you know there is some good news on todays newspaper? 〔正〕 Do you know there is some good news in todays newspaper? 〔析〕 在報(bào)紙上的新聞要用in, 而在具體某一版上，或某一頁(yè)上則要用on。

　　49. 〔誤〕 The school will begin on September 1st. 〔正〕 School will begin on September 1st.

　　〔析〕這里的school應(yīng)看作不可數(shù)名詞泛指學(xué)校的課程，即開(kāi)學(xué)之意。要注意，有些活動(dòng)場(chǎng)所當(dāng)表達(dá)正在從事該種活動(dòng)時(shí)不要加冠詞，如：at table (吃飯)， When I came to Toms home, they were at table. 還有： at desk (學(xué)習(xí))，at work (工作) at school (上學(xué))， in hospital (住醫(yī)院) at church 作禮拜如加上定冠詞則另有他意，如：at the school 即在學(xué)校工作或辦事，in the hospital 即在醫(yī)院工作或去看望病人。

　　50. 〔誤〕 Ill leave Beijing to Shanghai tomorrow. 〔正〕 Ill leave Beijing for Shanghai. 〔正〕 Ill leave for Shanghai.

　　〔析〕 leave for 是離開(kāi)某地去某處的固定搭配，不可將for改為別的介詞。這樣的搭配還有：start for 動(dòng)身前往某處，set out for， sail for。

　　51. 〔誤〕 Im sorry. I have to get out the bus at next stop. 〔正〕 Im sorry. I have to get out of the bus at next stop.

　　〔析〕 get in, 與 get out是兩個(gè)相反的詞組。get in 為上車(chē)，而get out為下車(chē)，但語(yǔ)法家認(rèn)為這里的in與out為副詞，所以其后不能接名詞，我們可以講Wed better get in. 或Wed better get out. 還有一組詞組有關(guān)上下車(chē)：get on/off(a train, a ship, a struck) get into/out of (a car, taxi…)

　　52. 〔誤〕 Be careful The temperature of the water is ninety degrees over zero. 〔正〕 Be careful. The temperature of the water is ninety degrees above zero. 〔析〕 over 與 above 在作為比某物高的意思時(shí)有時(shí)可以互換。但在垂直方向上的高矮時(shí)，即正上方時(shí)則要用above.而泛指上方時(shí)用over.

　　53.〔誤〕 The Dead Sea is under the sea level. 〔正〕 The Dead Sea is below the sea level.

　　〔析〕在垂直下方要用below.也就是講above與below互為反意詞，over與under也是反意詞。

　　54. 〔誤〕 There is a big tree in the front of the house. 〔正〕 There is a big tree in front of the house.

　　in front of 是在物體外部的前面，而in the front of 是在物體內(nèi)部的前面，如：The driver sits in the front of the bus.

　　55.〔誤〕 It took them two days to walk across the forest. 〔正〕 It took them two days to walk through the forest.

　　〔析〕 across 作為介詞有兩個(gè)主要意思：① 橫過(guò)，如：I want to walk across the street.② 對(duì)面，如：There is a post office across the street,而through 多用于三維空間中的穿越。across則多用于平面上的橫過(guò)。如：The little girl ran across the room to meet her mother.

　　56. 〔誤〕 The sun sets toward the west. 〔正〕 The sun sets in the west.

　　〔析〕 towards也可用作toward，它主要表達(dá)朝向某方向運(yùn)動(dòng)，但不一定到達(dá)，如：He ran toward(s) the mountain.而在表示方位east, west, north, south 時(shí)，其前面要用in。要注意的是這4個(gè)詞可以用作副詞，如：I went south. 也可用作名詞，如：I went to the south.也可用作形容詞，如：I went to the south part of China.

　　57. 〔誤〕 Can I write the exam paper with ink? 〔正〕 Can I write the exam paper with a pen? 〔正〕 Can I write the exam paper in ink? 〔析〕 with后要加拿得起來(lái)放得下的工具，而墨水、顏料等原料則要用in。

　　58. 〔誤〕 Im earlier today. I came here by his car. 〔正〕 Im earlier today. I came here in his car.

　　〔析〕在交通工具前加介詞by，但不能再有任何指示代詞或冠詞，否則要改換相應(yīng)的介詞。by taxi=in a taxi

　　by train=in a train by bicycle=on a bicycle by ship=on a ship

　　59. 〔誤〕 A lot of French wines are made of grape. 〔正〕 A lot of French wines are made from grape.

　　〔析〕 made of 是指由原材料到成品過(guò)程中原材料未發(fā)生質(zhì)地的變化，而發(fā)生了某種變化則要用from,如：The desk was made of hard wood.

　　60.〔誤〕 This is a good dictionary in English grammar. 〔正〕 This is a good dictionary on English grammar.

　　〔析〕關(guān)于某方面的書(shū)籍、報(bào)告等有兩個(gè)介詞，其中on表示某專(zhuān)業(yè)用書(shū)，about則為某方面的普通讀物，如：This is a book about physics.即物理科普知識(shí)。