1. Everyone in our class was working hard and doing what we could
_______ a good college. A. enterB. to enter C. enteringD. entered 「陷
阱」容易誤選A.有的同學(xué)一看到空格前的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 could就斷定此處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞原
形 enter. 「分析」其實(shí)正確答案應(yīng)是B.此句為省略句，即在 could后省略了動(dòng)
詞 do ，若把句子補(bǔ)完整應(yīng)為Everyone in our class was working hard and doing
what we could do to enter a good college. 即句中的不定式短語（to enter
a good college）是用作目的狀語的，而不是與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（could ）一起構(gòu)成謂
語。請?jiān)倏搭愃评�句：�? ） They did what they could to comfort her. 他
們盡量安慰她。

    （2 ） They did everything they could to save her life. 他們盡一切
力量拯救她的性命。

    （3 ） He studies as hard as he could to catch up with his classmates.
他拼命學(xué)習(xí)以便趕上他的同學(xué)。

    值得指出的是，這也并不是說今后只要遇到類似結(jié)構(gòu)的題就一定選帶to不定
式。請看以下試題：（4 ） He ran as fast as he could _____ to catch the
early bus. A. to hopeB. hope C. hopingD. hoped此題的答案是 C不是A ，其
中的現(xiàn)在分詞短語 hoping to catch the early bus用作伴隨狀語。

    （5 ） He spent every minute he could _____ spoken English. A. practiseB.
to practise C. practisingD. practised 此題答案選 C，這與前面動(dòng)詞 spent
的搭配有關(guān)，即 spend……（in） doing sth. 若將此句補(bǔ)充完整，即為 He spent
every minute he could spend in practising spoken English. （6 ） Before
going abroad he devoted all he could _______ his oral English. A. improveB.
to improve C. improvingD. to improving此題答案選D ，注意兩點(diǎn)：一是 devote
…… to ……是固定搭配，意為" 把……貢獻(xiàn)給……" ；二是其中的 to 是介詞，
不是不定式符號，后接動(dòng)詞時(shí)要用動(dòng)名詞。

    2. He knows nothing about it， so he can't help _______ any of your
work. A. doingB. to do C. being doingD. to be done「陷阱」容易誤選A ，
根據(jù) can't help doing sth 這一結(jié)構(gòu)推出。

    「分析」其實(shí)答案應(yīng)選B.比較以下結(jié)構(gòu)：can't help to do sth =不能幫助
做某事can't help doing sth =禁不住做某事，情不自禁地做某事又如下面一題，
答案也是 B：She can't help ____ the house because she's busy making a
cake. A cleaningB. to clean C. cleanedD. being cleaned再請看以下試題：
While shopping， people sometimes can't help _____ into buying something
they don't really need. A. to persuadeB. persuading C. being persuadedD.
be persuaded此題應(yīng)選C ，句中的 can't help 意為" 禁不住" （注意根據(jù)句意
用被動(dòng)形式）。

    3. All her time _______ experiments ， she has no time for films.
A. devoted to do B. devoted to doing C. devoting to doing D. is devoted
to doing「陷阱」幾個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)均有可能誤選。

    「分析」此題最佳答案為B.現(xiàn)分析如下：（1 ） devote 意為" 致力于，獻(xiàn)
身于" ，主要用 devote ……to……或be devoted to ，其中的to是介詞，不是
不定式符號，故后接動(dòng)詞時(shí)要用動(dòng)名詞，不用不定式。

    （2 ）選A 錯(cuò)誤：若將 do 改為 doing則可以。

    （3 ）選B 正確：all her time devoted to doing experiments 為獨(dú)立主
格結(jié)構(gòu)，用作狀語。

    （4 ）選C 錯(cuò)誤：因?yàn)閍ll her time與 devote 為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)將devoting
改為devoted.（5 ）選D 錯(cuò)誤：若單獨(dú)看 All her time is devoted to doing
experiments ，此句并沒有錯(cuò)，但問題是逗號前后兩個(gè)簡單句沒有必要的連接方
式，所以從整體上看仍不對，假若在后一句的句首加上and 或so，則可選D ，或
將D 將中的is改為 being也可選它。

    請做以下類似題（答案均選A ）：（1 ） All the preparations for the
project ______， we're ready to start. A. completed B. have been completed
C. had been completed D. been completed （2 ） Such _______ the case，
I couldn't help but______ him. A. being ， support B. was ， support C.
has been， supporting D. is ， to support 比較以下各題，答案選B ，因?yàn)?br /> 句中使用了并列連詞and ：（1 ） All the preparations for the project ______，
and we're ready to start. A. completed B. have been completed C. had been
completed D. been completed （2 ） Such _______ the case， I couldn't
help but______ him. A. being， support B. was ， support C. has been，
supporting D. is， to support

    4. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier ， ______
it more difficult. A. not make B. not to make C. not making D. do not
make「陷阱」容易誤選C ，受題干中的逗號的影響，認(rèn)為是現(xiàn)在分詞表結(jié)果的用
法。

    「分析」其實(shí)答案應(yīng)選B ，句中的逗號相當(dāng)于連詞 and或 but，not to make
it more difficult 是對逗號前的不定式 to make life easier的補(bǔ)充說明。此
句的意思是" 新技術(shù)的目的是為了使生活變得更容易，而不是使生活變得更困難
".兩個(gè)不定式同時(shí)用以說明句子主語 purpose的內(nèi)容。請做以下類似試題（答案
選B ）：The purpose of the scheme is not to help the employers but _____
work for young people. A. provide B. to provide C. providing D. provided

    5. The murderer was brought in， with his hands ______ behind his
back. A. to be tied B. being tied C. tied D. having tied「陷阱」容易誤
選B.「分析」最佳答案為C.從意義上看，hands 與 tie的關(guān)系應(yīng)屬被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故
排除D.在A 、B 、C 三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選項(xiàng)A 比較容易排除，因?yàn)椴欢ㄊ奖硎緦�來�?br /> 義，在此與語境不符。現(xiàn)將B 和C 作一比較：B 為現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式，它表示兩
層意義，一是表被動(dòng)，二是表進(jìn)行，也就是說 his hands being tied 的實(shí)際意
思是" 他的手正在被捆住" ，這顯然與語境不符。而C 為過去分詞，它也表示兩
層意義，一是表被動(dòng)，二是表示動(dòng)詞的完成或完成后的狀態(tài)，此句中的 with his
hands tied behind his back可視為手被捆在背后的一種狀態(tài)。由此可知最佳答
案為C.請看下面一題：Anyone ______ trying to take knives on heard flights
would be caught by the police. A. finds B. found C. being found D. will
find答案選B 而不選C ，其中的過去分詞表示被動(dòng)和完成。

    比較下面兩題，最佳答案是D 不是A ，現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式表示被動(dòng)和進(jìn)行：
（1 ） The court hears about 120 cases a year ； visitors are welcome
to see a case ______. A. argued B. to be argued C. to be arguing D. being
argued（2 ） The silence of the library was sometimes broken by an occasional
cough or by the sound of pages _______. A. turned B. having turned C.
to be turned D. being turned

    6. Remind me _______ the medicine tomorrow. A. of taking B. taking
C. to take D. take「陷阱」容易誤選A.受 remind sb of （doing ） sth這一
常用結(jié)構(gòu)的影響。

    「分析」最佳答案為C.比較以下三個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)：remind sb of [about] sth =使
某人想起某事remind sb of doing sth =提醒某人做過某事（暗示動(dòng)作已發(fā)生）

    remind sb to do sth = 提醒某人去做某事（暗示動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生）

    請看兩個(gè)例句：I reminded him of his promise.我提醒他做過的諾言。

    My wife reminded me of seeing that film.我妻子提醒我曾經(jīng)看過那部電
影。

    Can you remind me to phone her tomorrow ？你明天能否提醒我給她打電
話？

    7. Once your business becomes international ， _____ constantly will
be part of your life. A. you fly B. your flight C. flight D. flying 「
陷阱」幾個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)均有可能誤選。

    「分析」最佳答案為D.由于空格后出現(xiàn)了constantly這一副詞，這就說明不
能選B 或C ，因?yàn)锽 、C 均為名詞，不能受副詞 constantly 的修飾。A 和D 均
是可能的，因?yàn)槠渲杏袆?dòng)詞 fly. 但若選A ，you fly 是一個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)，與其后
的謂語 will be相沖突，所以只能選D ，即動(dòng)名詞flying在此用作主語。

    8. Not only should you get used ______ under difficult conditions
but you also you pay more attention ______ your work well. A. to work ，
to do B. to working ， to doing C. to work， to doing D. to working ，
to do 「陷阱」容易誤選A ，認(rèn)為兩個(gè)空白處均應(yīng)填不定式。

    「分析」正確答案為B ，因?yàn)?get used to與pay attention to這兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)
中的to均為介詞，不是不定式符號，故后接動(dòng)詞時(shí)要用動(dòng)名詞，不能動(dòng)詞原形。

    類似地，以下各結(jié)構(gòu)中的 to 也是介詞，不是不定式符號，后接動(dòng)詞時(shí)也應(yīng)
用動(dòng)名詞，而不是動(dòng)詞原形：look forward to doing sth 盼望做某事be opposed
to doing sth反對做某事object to doing sth 反對做某事stick to doing sth
堅(jiān)持做某事get down to doing sth 開始做某事take to doing sth 喜歡上做某
事admit to doing承認(rèn)做了某事pay attention to doing sth注意做某事devote
one's time to doing sth 把某人的時(shí)間用于（奉獻(xiàn)于）做某事be equal to doing
sth 等于做某事，能勝任做某事What do you say to doing sth你認(rèn)為做某事怎
么樣

    9. Both of my parents insisted _______ a computer for me， but I don't
think it is necessary. A. to buy B. buying C. on buying D. in buying「
陷阱」容易誤選B ，誤認(rèn)為insist后不能接不定式，但可以接動(dòng)名詞。

    「分析」答案應(yīng)選C.其實(shí)，動(dòng)詞 insist 后既不能接不定式也不能接動(dòng)名詞，
因?yàn)閕nsist通常用作不及物動(dòng)詞；若語義上需接賓語，要借助介詞 on 或upon，
即用于 insist on [upon] （doing ） sth；但它有時(shí)的確也可用作及物動(dòng)詞，
不過其賓語通常只能是 that 從句，而不能是普通的名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞。如：
He insisted on seeing her home. 他堅(jiān)持送她回家。

    I insisted that he（should） stay.我堅(jiān)持要他留下。

    10. "Do you have anything more ______ ， sir？" "No. You can have
a rest or do something else." A. typing B. to be typed C. typed D. to
type「陷阱」容易誤選D ，根據(jù) have sth to do 這一常用結(jié)構(gòu)推出。

    「分析」最佳答案是B.確實(shí)，在"have+賓語+ 不定式" 結(jié)構(gòu)中，用作定語的
不定式通常用主動(dòng)式表示被動(dòng)含義，如 I have some clothes to wash等，即盡
管其中的 some clothes 與其后的不定式 to wash具有被動(dòng)關(guān)系，但卻習(xí)慣上用
主動(dòng)式表示被動(dòng)意義。但值得指出的是，這類句型的主語與其后的不定式具有主
動(dòng)關(guān)系，如 I have some clothes to wash中的 to wash就是由該句主語 I來完
成的。而上面一題的情形有所不同，即其中的 to type這一動(dòng)作不是由句子主語
you 來完成的，而是由說話者" 我" 來完成的。比較：Are you going to Shanghai？

    Do you have anything to take to your son？你要去上海嗎？你有什么東
西要帶給你兒子嗎？

    I'm going to Shanghai next week. I have a lot of things to take with
me. 下個(gè)星期我要去上海，我隨身要帶很多東西去。

    11. She took her son， ran out of the house ， _____ him in the car
and drove quickly to the nearest doctor's office. A. put B. to put C.
putting D. having put 「陷阱」容易誤選B 或C ，誤認(rèn)為這考查非謂語動(dòng)詞的
用法。

    「分析」正確答案選A.句中的took， ran， put， drove為四并列的謂語動(dòng)
詞，其時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)一致。類似地如（答案選A ）：I got out of the taxi ， _____
the fare and dashed into the station. A. paid B. paying C. to pay D. having
paid但是，下面一題稍有不同：Hearing the news， he rushed out， ______
the book ______ on the table and disappeared into the distance. A. left
； lain open B. leaving ； lying open C. leaving； lie opened D. left
； lay opened 此題答案選B ，leaving 在此表結(jié)果，lying open與其前的動(dòng)詞
leave 有關(guān)，leave 后接現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語，表示使某人或某物處于做某事
的狀態(tài)中。

    12. The boss insisted that every minute ______ made full use of ______
the work well. A. be， to do B. was ， doing C. be， doing D. was ， to
do「陷阱」容易誤選B.「分析」其實(shí)正確答案是A.分析如下：（1 ）第一空填 be
，是因?yàn)閕nsisted 后接that從句，從句謂語要用"should+動(dòng)詞原形" 這樣的虛擬
語氣，其中的should也可省略。

    （2 ）第二空要填to do ，是因?yàn)榇司渲^語為被動(dòng)語態(tài)，假若將此句轉(zhuǎn)換成
主動(dòng)語態(tài)，則是……should make full use of every minute to do the work
well，句中涉及 make use of…… to do sth（利用……做某事）這一結(jié)構(gòu)。另
外，還有 make the most of （盡量利用），make the best of（盡量利用）等
短語也可能用于此類試題。請看以下類似例子：（1 ） The old professor told
us every part of the materials should be made use of ______ the power
station. A. to build B. building C. build D. built此題答案選 A，不是 B.
為便于理解，可先考慮以下結(jié)構(gòu)：……make use of every part of the materials
to build the power station由此可見，make use of 的賓語是 every part of
the materials ，其后的不定式 to build the power station 為目的狀語。

    （2 ） Does the way you thought of _______ the water clean make any
sense ？

    A. making B. to make C. how to make D. having made此題答案選B ，不
是A.句子主語是 the way，you thought of是修飾主語的定語從句，不定式 to
make the water clean也是修飾主語的定語，也就是說，句子主語帶有兩個(gè)定語
修飾語。

    13. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see ______
the next year. A. carried out B. carrying out C. carry out D. to carry
out 「陷阱」幾個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)均有可能誤選。

    「分析」答案選A.此句結(jié)構(gòu)較復(fù)雜，現(xiàn)分析如下：（1 ） that they would
like to see _____ the next year 是修飾名詞 the plan 的定語從句。

    （2 ）由于 the plan 與空格處的 carry out有被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填過去分詞 carried
out.請做以下類似試題：（1 ） Who do you think you'd like _____ with you
，a boy or a girl？

    A. to have go B. to have to go C. to have gone D. having to go在確
定答案之前，我們先來看看下面這個(gè)句子：I think I'd like to have a boy go
with me.句中的 go 要用原形，這是因?yàn)槠淝坝斜硎臼挂鄣膭?dòng)詞have. 在此句中，
假若對名詞a boy 提問，便可得出：Who do you think you'd like to have go
with you？

    對照上面一題，答案很顯然是A.（2 ） Who did the boss _____ his car
this time ？

    A. make wash B. make to wash C. make washing D. making to wash在做
此題之前，也請先看看下面這個(gè)句子：The boss made Jack wash his car this
time. 假若對句中的名詞Jack提問，便可得出：Who did the boss make wash his
car this time ？

    由此可知上面題答案為A.（3 ） You can never imagine what great difficulty
I had ______ your house all by myself. A. found B. finding C. to find
D. for finding此題答案選B.考查的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是 have great difficulty（in）

    doing sth.

    14. How happy we are！ The holiday we have been looking forward _______
at last. A. to has come B. to have come C. to having come D. has come
「陷阱」幾個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)均有可能誤選。

    「分析」其實(shí)正確答案是A.大家知道，短語 look forward to意為" 盼望" ，
其中的 to 是介詞，而不是不定式符號，所以后接動(dòng)詞要用動(dòng)名詞，許多同學(xué)據(jù)
此便選擇了C.但問題是，句中介詞 to 的賓語不是have come ，而是the holiday.
正解的句子分析是：the holiday 為句子主語，we have been looking forward
to是修飾主語的定語從句（介詞 to 的賓語是引導(dǎo)該定語從句的關(guān)系代詞 that ，
被省略），has come是句子謂語。請做以下類似試題：（1 ） The man you referred
to _____ just now. A. comes B. come C. coming D. came 答案選D ，句子主
語為 the man，you referred to 為修飾 the man的定語從句，空白處填 came ，
為句子謂語。

    （2 ） The theory he sticks to ______ to be of no use in our studies.
A. proves B. prove C. proving D. be proved答案選A ，he sticks to是修飾
主語 the theory 的定語從句，句子的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為 The theory proves to be of
no use in our studies.（3 ） The work he devoted his time to _____ worth
praising. A. was B. be C. being D. been 答案選A ，he devoted his time
to是修飾主語 the work 的定語從句。句子的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為 The work was worth
praising. （4 ） I think this is the very work that we must finish ____
her. A. to help B. help C. helping D. helped答案是 A. 句中空格處填的動(dòng)
詞help并不是 finish 的賓語，正確的句子分析是：that I must finish是修飾
名詞 the very work的定語從句，finish的賓語是引導(dǎo)該定語從句的關(guān)系代詞 that，
其后的不定式 to help her是目的狀語。

    （5 ） Which do you enjoy ____ your weekend ， swimming or fishing？

    A. spending B. being spent C. spend D. to spend 答案選 D.enjoy的賓
語是句首的疑問詞 which，不是其后的動(dòng)詞 spending.此題中的 to spend ……

    用作目的狀語。

    （5 ） What the boy enjoys _____ to have a room of his own. A. being
B. to be C. is D. are 答案選C ，而不選A.what the boy enjoys 是主語從句，
空格處填的 is 為謂語動(dòng)詞。

    （6 ） Nothing that he suggested _____ to be of any use. A. prove
B. proved C. proving D. to prove答案選B ，而不選C.句子主語是 nothing，
that he suggested 是修飾主語的定語從句，suggested 的賓語是引導(dǎo)該定語從
句的關(guān)系代詞 that ，而不是其后的動(dòng)詞；句子謂語是 proved.全句意為" 他建
議的情況沒有一條是有用的。" （7 ） The old house we paid a visit _____
at the top of the hill. A. standing B. to stand C. to standing D. to stands
答案選D.we paid a visit to是修飾the old house 的定語從句，句中的stands
為主句謂語。

    （8 ） The life he is now used _____ quite different from ours. A.
is B. to be C. to being D. to is答案選D.句中he is now used to 是修飾 the
life的定語從句，to后的動(dòng)詞 is 是句子的謂語，句意為" 他現(xiàn)在習(xí)慣的這種生
活與我們的生活很不相同".（9 ） The work he paid special attention _____
to nothing. A. came B. to come C. to coming D. to came答案選D.句中的he
paid special attention to 是修飾 the work 的定語從句，to后的動(dòng)詞 came
是句子的謂語，句意為" 他特別關(guān)注的那項(xiàng)工作泡湯了".（10） The result what
he said would lead _____ his regret in the future. A. is B. to be C. to
being D. to was 答案選D.句中what he said would lead to是修飾 the result
的定語從句，to后的動(dòng)詞 was是句子的謂語，句意為" 他所說的話將導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果
是他今后的后悔".

    15. _______ the road round to the right and you'll find his house.
A. Follow B. Following C. To follow D. Followed 「陷阱」容易誤選B 或C ，
誤認(rèn)為這是非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語。

    「分析」正確答案選A.根據(jù)句中的連詞and 可推知它是一個(gè)并列句。假若將
此題改為下面這樣，則答案為B ：_______ the road round to the right ， you'll
find his house. A. Follow B. Following C. To follow D. Followed 但是，
若改成下面一題這樣，則答案為C （不定式短語表目的）：_______ the road round
to the right， the blind man asked a boy to guide him. A. Follow B. Following
C. To follow D. Followed請做以下試題，答案均選A ，都是因?yàn)榫渲械牟⒘羞B
詞 and（填空句為祈使句）：（1 ） _______ to the top of the hill ， and
you can see the whole of the town. A. Get B. To get C. Getting D. Having
got （2 ） ______ the milk and set a good example to the other children.
A. Drink B. To drink C. Drinking D. Having drinking （3 ） ______ me，
and then try to copy what I do. A. Watch B. Watching C. To watch D. Have
watching（4 ） _____ through this book and tell me what you think of it.
A. Look B. Looking C. To look D. Having looked（5 ） _____ it with me
and I'll see what I can do. A. Leave B. Leaving C. If you leave D. When
left有時(shí)不用連詞連接句子，而用破折號，情況也是一樣（答案均選A ）。如：
（6 ） _____ down the radio - the baby's asleep in the next room. A. Turn
B. Turning C. to turn D. To have turned （7 ） _____ some of this juice
- perhaps you will like it. A. Try B. Trying C. To try D. To have tried
以下各題也應(yīng)選A ，是因?yàn)榫渲械膹膶龠B詞 when ， before ， until等（填空
句為祈使句）：（8 ） ______ him enough time to get home before you telephone.
A. Give B. To give C. Giving D. Given （9 ） ______ left when you get
to the end of the street. A. Keep B. Keeping C. To keep D. Kept （10）

    ______ your hand over your mouth when you cough. A. Put B. Putting
C. To put D. To be putting（11）______ until the lights have turned to
green. A. Wait B. To wait C. Waiting D. Having waited （12） ______ the
pieces of cloth with a loose stitch before finally sewing them together.
A. Join B. To join C. Joining D. Joined 以下各題也應(yīng)選A ，因?yàn)樘羁站錇?br /> 祈使句：（13） I don't want to listen a long story - just _____ me the
result. A. tell B. telling C. to tell D. to be telling（14） Why stand
there watching - _____ and help us！

    A. come B. coming C. to come D. to be coming（15） Don't waste your
money on silly things - ______ it. A. save B. to save C. saving D. having
saved （16） First ______ the rice by washing it， then ______ it in boiling
water. A. prepare ， cook B. preparing， cooking C. preparing ， cook
D. prepare， cooking（17） To test eggs ， _____ them in a bowl of water
： if they float they're bad， if they sink they're good. A. put B. putting
C. to put D. to be putting但是請注意，類似下面這樣的題目情形有所不同，
所填部分為目的狀語（用不定式，即答案選B ）：（18） ______ French well ，
she went to France to live with his cousins. A. Study B. To study C. Studying
D. Having studied （19） _____ late in the morning， Mr. Smith turned
off the alarm. A. Sleep B. To sleep C. Sleeping D. Having slept （20）

    ______ the flies out， we had to shut all the doors and windows. A.
Keep B. To keep C. Keeping D. Having kept （21） ______ their service ，
the workers of the hotel are active in learning English. A. Improving
B. To improve C. Improve D. Having improved