［注釋?zhuān)荼绢}測(cè)試非限制性定語(yǔ)從句知識(shí)，同時(shí)也涉及形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。THE LARGER OF WHICH引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。因?yàn)橹骶渲刑岬絻身?xiàng)，兩者的比較，用比較級(jí)，［D］項(xiàng)是最高級(jí)，所以錯(cuò)了。
［A］the larger one
［B］the larger of which
［C］the largest one
［D］the largest of which
2、Nowhere in nature is aluminum found free,owing to its always [] with other elements,most commonly with oxygen.
（本題分值：0.5分）
【正確答案】
D
［注釋?zhuān)荼绢}考查動(dòng)名詞用法知識(shí)。BEING COMBINED是動(dòng)名詞，ITS是它的邏輯主語(yǔ)，合在一起構(gòu)成動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，作介詞OWING TO的賓語(yǔ)。
［A］combined
［B］having combined
［C］combine
［D］being combined
3、Andrew,my father's younger brother,will not be at the picnic,[] to the familys disappointment.
（本題分值：0.5分）
【正確答案】
A
［注釋?zhuān)荼绢}考查副詞MUCH的用法。TO THE FAMILYS DISAPPOINTMENT 是“使全家感到失望的是……”，MUCH是副詞，表示程度。
［A］much
［B］more
［C］too much
［D］much more
4、I would have gone to visit him in the hospital had it been at all possible,but I [] fully occupied the whole of last week.
（本題分值：0.5分）
【正確答案】
D
［注釋?zhuān)荼绢}考查考生能否排除虛擬語(yǔ)氣干擾，選擇正確時(shí)態(tài)。BUT連接了兩個(gè)并列的分句，第一個(gè)分句中用了虛擬語(yǔ)氣的過(guò)去式，BUT后是陳述語(yǔ)氣，動(dòng)詞也用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。不少考生選用［B］ HAD BEEN,那是沒(méi)有注意連詞是BUT。
［A］were
［B］had been
［C］have been
［D］was
5、Help will come from the UN,but the aid will be [] near what's needed.
（本題分值：0.5分）
【正確答案】
C
［注釋?zhuān)荼绢}考查固定詞語(yǔ)搭配。此題前一半是肯定句，“將可以從聯(lián)合國(guó)得到幫助”，后一半由BUT連接，表示轉(zhuǎn)折，顯然是對(duì)前半句的否定，只有NOWHERE是否定，所以［C］項(xiàng)正確。
［A］everywhere
［B］somewhere
［C］nowhere
［D］anywhere
6、The chief reason for the population growth isn't so much a rise in birth rates [] a fall in death rates as a result of improvements in medical care.
（本題分值：0.5分）
【正確答案】
B
［注釋?zhuān)荼绢}考查一固定句型NOT SO MUCH...AS...，意為“與其說(shuō)……不如說(shuō)……”。此句的主要結(jié)構(gòu)是：THE CHIEF REASON...ISNT SO MUCH ...AS...。...NOT AS MUCH ... AS是固定搭配，意思是“如其…不如說(shuō)…”。
［A］and
［B］as
［C］but
［D］or
7、He claims to be an expert in astronomy,but in actual fact he is quite ignorant on the subject.[] he knows about it is out of date and inaccurate.
（本題分值：0.5分）
【正確答案】
A
［注釋?zhuān)荼绢}主要考查主語(yǔ)從句知識(shí)。WHAT LITTLE HE KNOWS ABOUT IT是主語(yǔ)從句，WHAT在從句中還作定語(yǔ)，修飾LITTLE，意思是“所……的一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)”。
［A］What little
［B］So much
［C］How much
［D］So little
8、Although we feel dissatisfied with the election results,we have to become reconciled [] the decision made by our fellow countrymen.
（本題分值：0.5分）
【正確答案】
C
［注釋?zhuān)荼绢}考查動(dòng)詞與介詞的搭配用法。BE RECONCILED TO是固定搭配，其中的TO是介詞，后接名詞。
［A］for
［B］on
［C］to
［D］in
9、Just as the value of a telephone network increases with each new phone [] to the system,so does the value of a computer system increase with each program that turns out.
（本題分值：0.5分）
【正確答案】
D
［注釋?zhuān)荼绢}考查現(xiàn)在分詞及過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)的區(qū)別。這是測(cè)試“WITH+名詞+分詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)，實(shí)際上其中的名詞是分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)，所以判斷用現(xiàn)在分詞，還是過(guò)去分詞，要看該名詞與分詞的關(guān)系。該名詞能發(fā)出分詞動(dòng)作的，用現(xiàn)在分詞；反之，用過(guò)去分詞。此句中的名詞PHONE不能發(fā)出ADD這一動(dòng)作，所以要用過(guò)去分詞，表示被動(dòng)。
［A］adding
［B］to have added
［C］to add
［D］added
10、The vocabulary and grammatical differences between British and American English are so trivial and few as hardly [].
（本題分值：0.5分）
【正確答案】
B
［注釋?zhuān)荼绢}考查考生對(duì)SO...AS TO...結(jié)構(gòu)的熟識(shí)程度。此句主要結(jié)構(gòu)是...DIFFERENCES...ARE SO TRIVIAL AND FEW AS HARDLY TO BE NOTICED。測(cè)試考生對(duì)SO...AS TO結(jié)構(gòu)掌握程度。SO后面接了兩個(gè)意義上表示否定的詞，所以AS后面也要用否定，HARDLY正好表示否定，接TO BE NOTICED這一不定式的被動(dòng)式，表示被動(dòng)。
［A］noticed
［B］to be noticed
［C］being noticed
［D］to notice
Section B
Directions:
Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked ［A］，［B］，［C］and ［D］. Identify the part of the sentence that is incorrect and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET Ⅰ by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil.(5 points)
Example:
A number of［A］ foreign visitors were taken［B］ to the industrial exhibition, which［C］ they saw［D］ many new products. Answer ［C］ is wrong. The sentence should read, A number of foreign visitors were taken to the industrial exhibition, where they saw many new products.” So you should choose ［C］.
Sample Answer
［A］ ［B］ ［C］ ［D］
11、Although Professor Greens lectures usually ran (over) ［A］ the (fifty-minute) ［B］ period,(but none) ［C］ of his students (ever) ［D］ objected as they found his lectures both informative and interesting.
（本題分值：0.5分）
【正確答案】
C
［注釋?zhuān)荼绢}考查連接手段問(wèn)題。BUT NONE應(yīng)改為NONE。句首有ALTHOUGH，后面不與BUT搭配。
［A］
［B］
［C］
［D］
12、(When) ［A］ Edison died, it was proposed that the American people (turned off) ［B］(all power) ［C］ in their homes, streets, and factories for several minutes (in honor of) ［D］ this great man.
（本題分值：0.5分）
【正確答案】
B
［注釋?zhuān)荼绢}考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣知識(shí)。TURNED OFF改為(SHOULD) TURN OFF。動(dòng)詞PROPOSE后面的THAT從句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，形式是(SHOULD)+動(dòng)詞原形。
［A］
［B］
［C］
［D］
13、They (pointed out) ［A］ the damage (which) ［B］ they supposed (that) ［C］ had been done by last (night's) ［D］ storm.
（本題分值：0.5分）
【正確答案】
C
［注釋?zhuān)荼绢}考查考生對(duì)插入語(yǔ)的認(rèn)知。THAT應(yīng)當(dāng)去掉。WHICH THEY SUPPOSED…到最后，是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾DAMAGE,關(guān)系代詞WHICH在從句中作主語(yǔ)，THEY SUPPOSED是插入語(yǔ)，所以THAT是多余的。
［A］
［B］
［C］
［D］
14、(Because of) ［A］ the recent accidents, our parents forbid my brother and me (from swimming)［B］ in the river (unless)［C］ someone agrees (to watch) ［D］ over us. 15A great many ［A］ teachers firmly ［B］ believe that English is one of the poorest-taught ［C］ subjects in high schools at present.［D］
（本題分值：0.5分）
【正確答案】
B
［注釋?zhuān)荼绢}考查考生對(duì)FORBID SB. TO DO STH.結(jié)構(gòu)的把握，其中不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。FROM SWIMMING改為T(mén)O SWIM。FORBID SB.TO DO STH.是固定搭配，不用FROM DOING STH.
［A］
［B］
［C］
［D］
15、(A great many) [A] teachers (firmly) [B] believe that English is one of the (poorest-taught) [C] subjects in high schools (at present). [D]
（本題分值：0.5分）
【正確答案】
C
［注釋?zhuān)荼绢}考查詞與詞的對(duì)應(yīng)修飾關(guān)系，如形容詞修飾名詞，副詞修飾動(dòng)詞。POORESTTAUGHT改為MOST POORLYTAUGHT或POORLIESTTAUGHT。POOREST是形容詞，不可修飾過(guò)去分詞TAUGHT，所以應(yīng)當(dāng)把POOREST改為副詞最高級(jí)。
［A］
［B］
［C］
［D］
16、In this way these insects show an efficient use of their (sound-produced) ［A］ ability, (organizing) ［B］ two sounds (delivered) ［C］ at a high rate as one (call).［D］
（本題分值：0.5分）
【正確答案】
A
［注釋?zhuān)?本題考查現(xiàn)在分詞與過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)的區(qū)別。SOUNDPRODUCED 改為 SOUNDPRODUCING。名詞SOUND實(shí)際上是PRODUCING的賓語(yǔ)，所以要用現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)，不可用過(guò)去分詞。
［A］
［B］
［C］
［D］
17、I thought the technician was (to blame) ［A］ for the (blowing) ［B］ of the fuse,but I see now (how) ［C］ I (was) ［D］mistaken.
（本題分值：0.5分）
【正確答案】
C
［注釋?zhuān)荼绢}涉及關(guān)系詞誤用問(wèn)題。HOW改為T(mén)HAT。THAT引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，作賓語(yǔ)。因?yàn)榫渥又袥](méi)有HOW的詞義，所以不可用它。若要用HOW，應(yīng)說(shuō)成HOW MISTAKEN I WAS。有許多考生選了［A］項(xiàng)，認(rèn)為應(yīng)當(dāng)用TO BE BLAMED，實(shí)際上，總是用BE TO BLAME代替BE TO BLAMED。
［A］
［B］
［C］
［D］
18、For him (to be re-elected),［A］what is essential is not that his policy (works), ［B］ (but that) ［C］ the public believe that it (is).［D］
（本題分值：0.5分）
【正確答案】
D
［注釋?zhuān)荼绢}考查省略式的表達(dá)問(wèn)題。IS改為DOES，這兒的DOES與［B］項(xiàng)動(dòng)詞WORKS相呼應(yīng)，因?yàn)閃ORKS是行為動(dòng)詞，所以用DOES來(lái)代替，而不用IS。
［A］
［B］
［C］
［D］
19、(As far as) ［A］ I am concerned, his politics (are) ［B］rather conservative (compared) ［C］ with other (politicians).［D］
（本題分值：0.5分）
【正確答案】
D
［注釋?zhuān)荼绢}涉及比較結(jié)構(gòu)中被比較對(duì)象的一致問(wèn)題。POLITICIANS改為POLITICIANS。前面的比較對(duì)象是POLITICS，后面的比較對(duì)象是POLITICIANS，比較對(duì)象不一致，顯然是錯(cuò)的，改成POLITICIANS后，后面省略了POLITICS。
［A］
［B］
［C］
［D］
20、I'd say whenever you (are going) ［A］ after something that (is belonging) ［B］ to you, anyone who (is depriving) ［C］ you of the right to have it is (criminal).［D］
（本題分值：0.5分）
【正確答案】
B
［注釋?zhuān)荼绢}考查時(shí)態(tài)問(wèn)題。IS BELONGING TO改為BELONGS TO。BELONG是表示狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞，一般不用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。
［A］
［B］
［C］
［D］
Section C
Directions:
Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked ［A］，［B］，［C］and ［D］. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (10 points)
Example:
The lost car of the Lees was found in the woods off the highway.
［A］vanished ［B］scattered ［C］abandoned ［D］rejected
The sentence should read, The lost car of the Lees was found abandoned in the woods off the highway.” Therefore, you should choose ［C］.
Sample Answer［A］ ［B］ ［C］ ［D］
21、When workers are organized in trade unions, employers find it hard to lay them [].
（本題分值：0.5分）
【正確答案】
A
［注釋?zhuān)荼绢}考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)知識(shí)。LAY OFF 是“解雇”。［B］ LAY ASIDE 是“留出，把……留待后用”；［C］ LAY OUT 是“安排，擺開(kāi)”；［D］ LAY DOWN 是“放下；制定”。
［A］ off
［B］ aside
［C］ out
［D］ down
22、The wealth of a country should be measured [] the health and happiness of its people as well as the material goods it can produce.
（本題分值：0.5分）
【正確答案】
B
［注釋?zhuān)荼绢}測(cè)試介詞短語(yǔ)知識(shí)。IN TERMS OF 是“根據(jù)，按照”。［A］ IN LINE WITH 是“跟……一致，符合”；［C］ IN REGARD WITH 不是正確搭配；［D］ BY MEANS OF 是“依靠，用”。
［A］ in line with
［B］ in terms of
［C］ in regard with
［D］ by means of
23、He has failed me so many times that I no longer place any [] on what he promises.
（本題分值：0.5分）
【正確答案】
D
［注釋?zhuān)荼绢}考查慣用搭配知識(shí)。RELIANCE 是“信賴，依靠”。PLACE RELIANCE ON 是常用搭配。其余三個(gè)詞后面都不能接 ON。
［A］ faith
［B］ belief
［C］ credit
［D］ reliance
24、My students found the book []: it provided them with an abundance of information on the subject.
（本題分值：0.5分）
【正確答案】
A
［注釋?zhuān)荼绢}考查考生利用上下句句意邏輯判斷做題的能力。ENLIGHTENING 是“使人受啟發(fā)的”。與后面半句意思相符。［B］ CONFUSING 是“令人迷惑的”，［C］ DISTRACTING 是“分散注意力的”；［D］ AMUSING 是“逗人樂(lè)的”。
［A］ enlightening
［B］ confusing
［C］ distracting
［D］ amusing
25、Nobody yet knows how long and how seriously the shakiness in the financial system will [] down the economy.
（本題分值：0.5分）
【正確答案】
C
［注釋?zhuān)荼绢}考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)知識(shí)。DRAG DOWN 是“拖垮，拖后腿”。［A］ PUT DOWN 是“放下；降落”；［B］ SETTLE DOWN 是“定居；平靜下來(lái)”；［D］ KNOCK DOWN 是“擊倒，撞倒”。
［A］ put
［B］ settle
［C］ drag
［D］ knock
26、In this factory the machines are not regulated [] but are jointly controlled by a central computer system.
（本題分值：0.5分）
【正確答案】
B
［注釋?zhuān)荼绢}考查考生利用句意邏輯理解做題的能力。INDIVIDUALLY 是“單獨(dú)地”，與后面的 JOINTLY 相呼應(yīng)。［A］ INDEPENDENTLY 是“獨(dú)立地”；［C］ IRRESPECTIVELY 是“不顧一切地”；［D］ IRREGULARLY 是“不定期地；不規(guī)則地”。
［A］ independently
［B］ individually
［C］ irrespectively
［D］ irregularly
27、Every chemical change either results from energy being used to produce the change, or causes energy to be [] in some form.
（本題分值：0.5分）
【正確答案】
A
［注釋?zhuān)荼绢}主要考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)知識(shí)，從做題角度來(lái)看，考生也得借助于句意邏輯來(lái)排除干擾。GIVEN OFF 是“釋放，放出”。［B］ PUT OUT 是“撲滅；生產(chǎn)”；［C］ SET OFF 是“動(dòng)身；開(kāi)始”；［D］ USED UP 是“用光，用完”。
［A］ given off
［B］ put out
［C］ set off
［D］ used up
28、If businessmen are taxed too much, they will no longer be motivated to work hard, with the result that incomes from taxation might actually [].
（本題分值：0.5分）
【正確答案】
A
［注釋?zhuān)荼绢}考查詞匯的一般知識(shí)。SHRINK 是“減少，下降”。［B］ DELAY 是“耽擱；延期”；［C］ DISPERSE 是“散布，分散”；［D］ SINK 是“倒下；沉沒(méi)”。
［A］ shrink
［B］ delay
［C］ disperse
［D］ sink
29、American companies are evolving from massproduction manufacturing to [] enterprises.
（本題分值：0.5分）
【正確答案】
C
［注釋?zhuān)葸@是一道詞義辨析題。FLEXIBLE 是“靈活的；可移動(dòng)的”。［A］ MOVEABLE 是“可移動(dòng)的”；［B］ CHANGING 是“變化的”；［D］ VARYING 是“多樣化的；不同程度的”。
［A］ moveable
［B］ changing
［C］ flexible
［D］ varying
30、If you know what the trouble is, why dont you help them to [] the situation?
（本題分值：0.5分）
【正確答案】
D
［注釋?zhuān)荼绢}主要考查詞匯的用法辨析。RECTIFY 是“糾正，整頓”。［A］ SIMPLIFY 是“簡(jiǎn)單化”；［B］ MODIFY 是“修改，改動(dòng)”；［C］ VERIFY 是“證實(shí)，查證”。
［A］ simplify
［B］ modify
［C］ verify
［D］ rectify
31、I can't [] what has happened to the vegetables, for they were freshly picked this morning.
（本題分值：0.5分）
【正確答案】
A
［注釋?zhuān)荼绢}考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)知識(shí)。FIGURE OUT 是“弄清楚，搞明白”。［B］ DRAW OUT 是“擬訂；引出”；［C］ LOOK OUT 是“注意，留神”；［D］ WORK OUT 是“算出；擬訂”。
［A］ figure out
［B］ draw out
［C］ look out
［D］ work out
32、I tried very hard to persuade him to join our group but I met with a flat [].
（本題分值：0.5分）
【正確答案】
C
［注釋?zhuān)荼绢}考查詞匯的慣用搭配及詞義辨析。REFUSAL 是“拒絕”，A FLAT REFUSAL 是“斷然拒絕”。［A］ DISAPPROVAL 是“不同意，不贊成”；［B］ REJECTION 是“斷然拒絕”，不與 FLAT 搭配；［D］ DECLINE 是“謝絕”，也不與 FLAT 搭配。
［A］ disapproval
［B］ rejection
［C］ refusal
［D］ decline
33、From this material we can [] hundreds of what you may call direct products.
（本題分值：0.5分）
【正確答案】
A
［注釋?zhuān)荼绢}考查搭配使用知識(shí)。DERIVE 是“得到；派生”；與 FROM 搭配。［B］ DISCERN 是“認(rèn)出，辨別”；［C］ DIMINISH 是“減少，縮小”；［D］ DISPLACE 是“代替，置換”。
［A］ derive
［B］ discern
［C］ diminish
［D］ displace
34、She had clearly no [] of doing any work, although she was very well paid.
（本題分值：0.5分）
【正確答案】
C
［注釋?zhuān)荼绢}考查詞匯的搭配使用知識(shí)。INTENTION 是“意圖，打算”。［A］ TENDENCY 是“傾向”；［B］ AMBITION 是“野心，抱負(fù)”；［D］ WILLINGNESS 是“愿意”。
［A］ tendency
［B］ ambition
［C］ intention
［D］ willingness
35、What seems confusing or fragmented at first might well become [] a third time.
（本題分值：0.5分）
【正確答案】
D
［注釋?zhuān)荼绢}考查考生對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的語(yǔ)義邏輯的識(shí)別能力。CLEAR AND ORGANIC 是“清楚的，有機(jī)聯(lián)系的”，是前面 CONFUSING OR FRAGMENTED 的反義詞。［A］ CLEAN AND MEASURABLE 是“干凈的，有分寸的”；［B］ NOTABLE AND SYSTEMATIC 是“令人注目的，有系統(tǒng)的”；［C］ PURE AND WHOLESOME 是“純凈的，有益于健康的”。
［A］ clean and measurable
［B］ notable and systematic
［C］ pure and wholesome
［D］ clear and organic
36、The public opinion was that the time was not [] for the election of such a radical candidate as Mr. Jones.
（本題分值：0.5分）
【正確答案】
B
［注釋?zhuān)荼绢}測(cè)試固定搭配知識(shí)。RIPE 是“成熟的”。［A］ REASONABLE 是“合理的”；［C］ READY 是“準(zhǔn)備好的”，不與 TIME 搭配；［D］ PRACTICAL 是“實(shí)際的；可行的”。
［A］ reasonable
［B］ ripe
［C］ ready
［D］ practical
37、 Hudson said he could not kill a living thing except for the [] of hunger.
（本題分值：0.5分）
【正確答案】
D
［注釋?zhuān)荼绢}考查詞義辨析。MOTIVE 是“動(dòng)機(jī)”，可用于 FOR THE MOTIVE OF HUNGER，可譯為“出于饑餓的動(dòng)機(jī)，”或受饑餓所驅(qū)使”。［A］ SENSATION 是“感覺(jué)”；［B］ CAUSE 是“原因”；［C］ PURPOSE 是“目的”，都不與 HUNGER 搭配。
［A］ sensation
［B］ cause
［C］ purpose
［D］ motive
38、For the new country to survive,[] for its people to enjoy prosperity, new economic policies will be required.
（本題分值：0.5分）
【正確答案】
B
［注釋?zhuān)荼绢}測(cè)試幾個(gè)習(xí)語(yǔ)的用法區(qū)別。LET ALONE 是“更不用說(shuō)”，后面可以接不定式。［A］ TO NAME A FEW 是“說(shuō)出幾個(gè)名字”；［C］ NOT TO SPEAK 后應(yīng)加 OF，意思是“更不用說(shuō)”，后接名詞或動(dòng)名詞；［D］ LETS SAY 是“假定說(shuō)，譬如說(shuō)”。
［A］ to name a few
［B］ let alone
［C］ not to speak
［D］ let's say
39、Foreign disinvestment and the [] of South Africa from world capital markets after 1985 further weakened its economy.
（本題分值：0.5分）
【正確答案】
C
［注釋?zhuān)荼绢}考查詞匯的搭配使用知識(shí)。EXCLUSION 是“排斥，排除在外”。［A］ DISPLACEMENT 是“取代；轉(zhuǎn)移”；［B］ ELIMINATION 是“消滅，消除”；［D］ EXCEPTION 是“例外”。
［A］ displacement
［B］ elimination
［C］ exclusion
［D］ exception
40、When a number of people [] together in a conversational knot, each individual expresses his position in the group by where he stands.
（本題分值：0.5分）
【正確答案】
D
［注釋?zhuān)葸@是一道詞義辨析題。CLUSTER 是“群集；擁擠”。［A］ PAD 是“填塞”；［B］ PACK 是“塞滿；打包”；［C］ SQUEEZE 是“擠壓，壓榨。
［A］ pad
［B］ pack
［C］ squeeze
［D］ cluster
Part ⅡCloze Test(每題1分，共10分)Directions:
For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked ［A］，［B］，［C］and ［D］.Choose the best one and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET Ⅰ by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (10 points)
Manpower Inc.,with 560,000 workers,is the world's largest temporary employment agency.Every morning,its people [41] into the offices and factories of America,seeking a day's work for a day's pay.One day at a time.[42] industrial giants like General Motors and IBM struggle to survive [43] reducing the number of employees,Manpower,based in Milwaukee,Wisconsin,is booming.
[44] its economy continues to recover,the US is increasingly becoming a nation of parttimers and temporary workers.This “[45]” work force is the most important [46] in American business today,and it is [47] changing the relationship between people and their jobs.The phenomenon provides a way for companies to remain globally competitive [48] avoiding market cycles and the growing burdens [49] by employment rules healthcare costs and pension plans.For workers it can mean an end to the security,benefits and sense of [50] that came from being a loyal employee.
41、
（本題分值：1分）
【正確答案】
A
［注釋?zhuān)荼绢}考查詞匯搭配使用知識(shí)。SWARM涌向(形容人數(shù)眾多)；STRIDE跨過(guò)；SLIP滑過(guò)；SEPARATE分開(kāi)。顯然，SWARM最符合題意。
［A］swarm
［B］stride
［C］separate
［D］slip
42、
（本題分值：1分）
【正確答案】
C
［注釋?zhuān)荼绢}考查連詞的使用知識(shí)�？瞻滋幪畛涞脑~必須用來(lái)引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，只有AS有此功能。
［A］For
［B］Because
［C］As
［D］Since
43、
（本題分值：1分）
【正確答案】
D
［注釋?zhuān)荼绢}考查介詞知識(shí)。通過(guò)某種行為達(dá)到某種目的，只能用介詞BY。
［A］from
［B］in
［C］on
［D］by
44、
（本題分值：1分）
【正確答案】
A
［注釋?zhuān)荼绢}考查連詞的使用區(qū)別。由于“經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)雜”與“工作臨時(shí)化”之間不存在因果關(guān)系，所以NOW THAT(既然)，IF ONLY(只要…就…)及PROVIDED THAT(如果…就…)不符合題意。
［A］Even though
［B］Now that
［C］If only
［D］Provided that
45、
（本題分值：1分）
【正確答案】
B
［注釋?zhuān)荼绢}考查考生對(duì)詞義的準(zhǔn)確把握。所選的詞應(yīng)該能說(shuō)明“臨時(shí)性工作”的性質(zhì)。DURABLE意為“耐用的”；DISPOSABLE意為“可任意處置的”；AVAILABLE意為“可得到的”；TRANSFERABLE意為“可轉(zhuǎn)移的”。由于要填的詞加了引號(hào)，說(shuō)明所用的詞在這里有一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)夸張。對(duì)比DISPOSABLE與TRANSFERABLE,前者要更貼切一些。
［A］durable
［B］disposable
［C］available
［D］transferable
46、
（本題分值：1分）
【正確答案】
D
［注釋?zhuān)荼绢}考查考生對(duì)詞義的準(zhǔn)確把握。APPROACH途徑，方法；FLOW流動(dòng)；FASHION風(fēng)尚，風(fēng)氣；TREND傾向，動(dòng)向。顯然，［D］最符合題意。
［A］approach
［B］flow
［C］fashion
［D］trend
47、
（本題分值：1分）
【正確答案】
C
［注釋?zhuān)荼绢}同樣考查考生對(duì)詞義的準(zhǔn)確把握。INSTANTLY立即，立刻；REVERSELY相反地；FUNDAMENTALLY根本上；SUFFICIENTLY足夠地。上文中的MOST IMPORTANT TREND是關(guān)鍵的提示：既然是“最主要的動(dòng)向”，其影響自然是“根本性的”。
［A］instantly
［B］reversely
［C］fundamentally
［D］sufficiently
48、
（本題分值：1分）
【正確答案】
B
［注釋?zhuān)荼绢}考查連詞的正確使用。WHILE+DOING表示前后兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行。其他的詞都只能接從句。
［A］but
［B］while
［C］and
［D］whereas
49、
（本題分值：1分）
【正確答案】
A
［注釋?zhuān)荼绢}考查考生的詞匯知識(shí)。與BURDEN搭配最合適的是IMPOSED(施加的，強(qiáng)加的)，RESTRICTED意為“受限制的”，CONFINED意為“受制約的”，ILLUSTRATED意為“圖解，說(shuō)明的”。
［A］imposed
［B］restricted
［C］illustrated
［D］confined
50、
（本題分值：1分）
【正確答案】
D
［注釋?zhuān)荼绢}考查考生對(duì)詞匯深層含義的把握能力。作為正式員工，不僅有“保障”、“福利”，還有一種“自己對(duì)公司很重要的感覺(jué)”。EXCITEMENT(興奮)、CONVICTION(定罪，堅(jiān)信)及ENTHUSIASM(熱情)不符合上下文。
［A］excitement
［B］conviction
［C］enthusiasm
［D］importance
Part ⅢReading Comprehension(每題2分，共40分)Directions:
Each of the passages below is followed by some questions. For each question there are four answers marked ［A］，［B］，［C］and ［D］.Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Then mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET Ⅰ by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil.(40 points)
單項(xiàng)選擇題
Passage1
It was 3:45 in the morning when the vote was finally taken.After six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates,Australias Northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die.The measure passed by the convincing vote of 15 to 10.Almost immediately word flashed on the Internet and was picked up,half a world away,by John Hofsess,executive director of the Right to Die Society of Canada.He sent it on via the groups online service,Death NET.Says Hofsess:“We posted bulletins all day long,because of course this isnt just something that happened in Australia.It's world history.”
The full import may take a while to sink in.The NT Rights of the Terminally Ill law has left physicians and citizens alike trying to deal with its moral and practical implications.Some have breathed sighs of relief,others,including churches,righttolife groups and the Australian Medical Association,bitterly attacked the bill and the haste of its passage.But the tide is unlikely to turn back.In Australia—where an aging population,lifeextending technology and changing community attitudes have all played their part—other states are going to consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia.In the US and Canada,where the righttodie movement is gathering strength,observers are waiting for the dominoes to start falling.
Under the new Northern Territory law,an adult patient can request death—probably by a deadly injection or pill—to put an end to suffering.The patient must be diagnosed as terminally ill by two doctors.After a “cooling off” period of seven days,the patient can sign a certificate of request.After 48 hours the wish for death can be met.For Lloyd Nickson,a 54yearold Darwin resident suffering from lung cancer,the NT Rights of Terminally Ill law means he can get on with living without the haunting fear of his suffering:a terrifying death from his breathing condition.“I'm not afraid of dying from a spiritual point of view,but what I was afraid of was how Id go,because I've watched people die in the hospital fighting for oxygen and clawing at their masks,” he says.
51、From the second paragraph we learn that [].
（本題分值：2分）
【正確答案】
D
［注釋?zhuān)葸@是一道細(xì)節(jié)題。本題問(wèn)的是第二段的大意。由于第二段第一句為全段的TOPIC SENTENCE,所以選項(xiàng)是轉(zhuǎn)述第二段第一句話的意思就對(duì)了。
［A］the objection to euthanasia is slow to come in other countries
［B］physicians and citizens share the same view on euthanasia
［C］changing technology is chiefly responsible for the hasty passage of the law
［D］it takes time to realize the significance of the law's passage
52、When the author says that observers are waiting for the dominoes to start falling,he means [].
（本題分值：2分）
【正確答案】
B
［注釋?zhuān)荼绢}實(shí)際上是一道句義題，問(wèn)“OBSERVERS ARE WAITING FOR THE DOMINOES TO START FALLING”是什么意思。字面意思是“觀察者正等待著多米諾骨牌開(kāi)始倒下”。由于“多米諾骨牌”的特點(diǎn)是頭一張牌倒下必然導(dǎo)致許多牌相繼迅速倒下(即“多米諾骨牌效應(yīng)”)。那么，結(jié)合上下文，我們可以知道作者的言下之意：澳大利亞通過(guò)該項(xiàng)法案后，其影響必然迅速波及美加，導(dǎo)致其他國(guó)家也可能通過(guò)該項(xiàng)法案。故應(yīng)選［B］。
［A］observers are taking a waitandsee attitude towards the future of euthanasia
［B］similar bills are likely to be passed in the US,Canada and other countries
［C］observers are waiting to see the result of the game of dominoes
［D］the effecttaking process of the passed bill may finally come to a stop
53、When Lloyd Nickson dies,he will [].
（本題分值：2分）
【正確答案】
A
［注釋?zhuān)葸@是一道細(xì)節(jié)題。從文章最后引用的該患者的話可看出他對(duì)安樂(lè)死的看法：死亡本身并不可怕，可怕的是像其他患者那樣痛苦地死去。由此可知，只要可能，他就會(huì)選擇安樂(lè)死。
［A］face his death with calm characteristic of euthanasia
［B］experience the suffering of a lung cancer patient
［C］have an intense fear of terrible suffering
［D］undergo a cooling off period of seven days
54、The author's attitude towards euthanasia seems to be that of [].
（本題分值：2分）
【正確答案】
C
［注釋?zhuān)葸@是一道作者態(tài)度題。作者已借LOYD NICKSON之口表達(dá)了自己贊成安樂(lè)死態(tài)度。
譯文 解讀 清晨3∶45進(jìn)行了最后表決。經(jīng)過(guò)半年的爭(zhēng)辯和最后16個(gè)小時(shí)的國(guó)會(huì)激烈辯論，澳大利亞北部地區(qū)(即澳北州)成了世界上第一個(gè)允許醫(yī)生根據(jù)病人意愿結(jié)束絕癥患者生命的合法當(dāng)局。這一法案是以15票對(duì)10票的無(wú)可爭(zhēng)議的結(jié)果通過(guò)的。這一消息幾乎同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上。身處地球另一端的加拿大死亡權(quán)利執(zhí)行主席約翰·霍夫塞斯收到這條消息后便通過(guò)協(xié)會(huì)的網(wǎng)上服務(wù)站“死亡之網(wǎng)”發(fā)了公告。他說(shuō)：“我們一整天都在發(fā)布公告，這么做當(dāng)然不是因?yàn)榘拇罄麃喅隽耸裁词虑�，而是因�(yàn)檫@是要載入世界歷史的�！� 這是一個(gè)新聞體篇。
第一段肯定了安樂(lè)死法案的歷史意義。 這一立法的深刻意義可能要過(guò)一段時(shí)間才能為人們所理解。澳北州所通過(guò)的晚期病人權(quán)益法使得無(wú)論是內(nèi)科醫(yī)生還是普通市民都同樣地力圖從道義和實(shí)際意義兩方面來(lái)對(duì)待這一問(wèn)題。有些人如釋重負(fù)，另一些人，包括教會(huì)人士、生之權(quán)利組織成員以及澳大利亞醫(yī)學(xué)會(huì)成員則對(duì)此進(jìn)行了猛烈抨擊，并譴責(zé)其草率通過(guò)。而安樂(lè)死潮流將不可逆轉(zhuǎn)。在澳大利亞，人口老齡化、延長(zhǎng)壽命技術(shù)以及公眾態(tài)度的變化都在發(fā)揮著各自的作用。其他州也準(zhǔn)備考慮制定類(lèi)似的法規(guī)來(lái)處理安樂(lè)死問(wèn)題。在美國(guó)和加拿大，死亡權(quán)利運(yùn)動(dòng)正在積蓄力量，觀察家正等待著多米諾骨牌產(chǎn)生的效應(yīng)。 第二段講述了公眾、醫(yī)生乃至美國(guó)及加拿大的反應(yīng)。指出盡管還需要一段時(shí)間才能使人們意識(shí)到法案的全部重要性，但歷史潮流已不可能倒轉(zhuǎn)。 依據(jù)澳北州所通過(guò)的這個(gè)新法案，成年病人可要求安樂(lè)死——大概是注射致死針劑或服用致死藥物——以結(jié)束痛苦的煎熬。但此前須經(jīng)兩名醫(yī)生診斷其確實(shí)已病入膏肓。病人經(jīng)過(guò)七天“冷靜思考”時(shí)間，方可簽署一份申請(qǐng)證明。48小時(shí)后，其安樂(lè)死愿望才能得到滿足。對(duì)于居住在達(dá)爾文的現(xiàn)年54歲的肺癌患者尼克森來(lái)說(shuō)，這個(gè)法案意味著他可以平靜地生活下去而無(wú)需終日懼怕將要來(lái)臨的折磨：因呼吸困難而在煎熬中死去。“從思想上說(shuō)，我并不怕死，而怕的是怎樣死。”他說(shuō)，“我曾看見(jiàn)醫(yī)院里的病人，死前抓撓氧氣罩，為一口氧氣苦苦掙扎�！� 第三段舉例說(shuō)明了安爾死的申請(qǐng)實(shí)施過(guò)程。
［A］opposition
［B］suspicion
［C］approval
［D］indifference
Passage2
A report consistently brought back by visitors to the US is how friendly,courteous,and helpful most Americans were to them.To be fair,this observation is also frequently made of Canada and Canadians,and should best be considered North American.There are,of course,exceptions Smallminded officials,rude waiters,and illmannered taxi drivers are hardly unknown in the US.Yet it is an observation made so frequently that it deserves comment.
For a long period of time and in many parts of the country,a traveler was a welcome break in an otherwise dull existence.Dullness and loneliness were common problems of the families who generally lived distant from one another.Strangers and travelers were welcome sources of diversion,and brought news of the outside world.
The harsh realities of the frontier also shaped this tradition of hospitality.Someone traveling alone,if hungry,injured,or ill,often had nowhere to turn except to the nearest cabin or settlement.It was not a matter of choice for the traveler or merely a charitable impulse on the part of the settlers.It reflected the harshness of daily life:if you didnt take in the stranger and take care of him,there was no one else who would.And someday,remember,you might be in the same situation.
Today there are many charitable organizations which specialize in helping the weary traveler.Yet,the old tradition of hospitality to strangers is still very strong in the US,especially in the smaller cities and towns away from the busy tourist trails.“I was just traveling through,got talking with this American,and pretty soon he invited me home for dinner—amazing.” Such observations reported by visitors to the US are not uncommon,but are not always understood properly.The casual friendliness of many Americans should be interpreted neither as superficial nor as artificial,but as the result of a historically developed cultural tradition.
As is true of any developed society,in America a complex set of cultural signals,assumptions,and conventions underlies all social interrelationships.And,of course,speaking a language does not necessarily mean that someone understands social and cultural patterns.Visitors who fail to “translate” cultural meanings properly often draw wrong conclusions.For example,when an American uses the word “friend”,the cultural implications of the word may be quite different from those it has in the visitors language and culture.It takes more than a brief encounter on a bus to distinguish between courteous convention and individual interest.Yet,being friendly is a virtue that many Americans value highly and expect from both neighbors and strangers.
55、In the eyes of visitors from the outside world [].
（本題分值：2分）
【正確答案】
D
［注釋?zhuān)葸@是一道細(xì)節(jié)題，問(wèn)：在外國(guó)游客眼中……。第一段第一句講述的就是外國(guó)游客對(duì)美國(guó)人的印象:對(duì)人友好，彬彬有禮，樂(lè)于助人。
［A］rude taxi drivers are rarely seen in the US
［B］smallminded officials deserve a serious comment
［C］Canadians are not so friendly as their neighbors
［D］most Americans are ready to offer help
56、It could be inferred from the last paragraph that [].
（本題分值：2分）
【正確答案】
A
［注釋?zhuān)葸@是一道推斷題。題目問(wèn)的是最后一段主要意思。從這一段第一句可知，其強(qiáng)調(diào)的是文化符號(hào)、傳統(tǒng)對(duì)所有社會(huì)關(guān)系的影響。顯然正確答案應(yīng)為［A］。
［A］culture exercises an influence over social interrelationship
［B］courteous convention and individual interest are interrelated
［C］various virtues manifest themselves exclusively among friends
［D］social interrelationships equal the complex set of cultural conventions
57、Families in frontier settlements used to entertain strangers [].
（本題分值：2分）
【正確答案】
C
［注釋?zhuān)葸@是一道細(xì)節(jié)題。該問(wèn)題對(duì)應(yīng)原文中第二段的內(nèi)容。文中指出無(wú)聊和孤獨(dú)是這類(lèi)家庭的普遍問(wèn)題，而旅行者的到來(lái)會(huì)暫時(shí)打破這種狀態(tài)，帶來(lái)歡樂(lè)和信息。
［A］to improve their hard life
［B］in view of their longdistance travel
［C］to add some flavor to their own daily life
［D］out of a charitable impulse
58、The tradition of hospitality to strangers [].
（本題分值：2分）
【正確答案】
B
［注釋?zhuān)葸@是一道細(xì)節(jié)題。全文最后一句話即為本題的答案。被視為美德的東西是會(huì)被保持的，而不會(huì)是膚淺和虛偽的。
譯文 解讀 去美國(guó)訪問(wèn)的人經(jīng)常帶回報(bào)告說(shuō)，大多數(shù)美國(guó)人對(duì)他們友善、好客、樂(lè)于助人。公平地說(shuō)，人們對(duì)加拿大和加拿大人也有這樣的評(píng)論。這最好應(yīng)該看成是北美普遍存在的現(xiàn)象。當(dāng)然也有例外，在美國(guó)，心胸狹隘的官員、舉止粗魯?shù)恼写约叭狈π摒B(yǎng)的出租車(chē)司機(jī)也并不罕見(jiàn)。但由于人們常得出上述結(jié)論，那就值得議論一番了。 這是一篇議論文。
第一段指出美國(guó)人給人留下了友好、樂(lè)于助人的印象。盡管有例外情況，但這種樂(lè)于助人的結(jié)論也是值得討論的。 在過(guò)去很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間，在美國(guó)很多地方，施行者的到來(lái)對(duì)沉悶的生活有著可喜的調(diào)節(jié)作用。那時(shí)人們居住相距遙遠(yuǎn)，沉悶、孤寂是普遍存在的問(wèn)題。陌生人和旅行者很受歡迎，能給他們帶來(lái)消遣娛樂(lè)，同時(shí)還帶來(lái)了外面世界的消息。
拓荒者面對(duì)的嚴(yán)酷生活現(xiàn)實(shí)也促成這一好客傳統(tǒng)。獨(dú)自旅行時(shí)，如果沒(méi)有了食物，受了傷或生了病，通常只能向最近的小屋或村落求助。對(duì)旅行者來(lái)說(shuō)，這不是選擇的問(wèn)題，對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)厝藖?lái)說(shuō)，這也并非出于要行善的一時(shí)沖動(dòng)。它反映了日常生活的嚴(yán)酷性：如果你不接納他，那他便找不到別人了。請(qǐng)記住，沒(méi)準(zhǔn)兒哪天你也會(huì)面臨相同的處境。 第二、三段從歷史角度探討產(chǎn)生這一現(xiàn)象的原因。 現(xiàn)在有了不少慈善組織，專(zhuān)門(mén)幫助疲憊不堪的旅行者。但是對(duì)陌生人友好的老傳統(tǒng)在美國(guó)仍盛行不衰，尤其是在遠(yuǎn)離旅游熱線的小城鎮(zhèn)�！拔覄傓D(zhuǎn)了一圈，同這個(gè)美國(guó)人聊了聊。時(shí)間不長(zhǎng)，他就請(qǐng)我到他家吃飯——真是不可思議�！痹趤�(lái)美國(guó)的游客中碰到過(guò)這類(lèi)事的人不在少數(shù)，但對(duì)此并非都能正確理解。許多美國(guó)人隨意表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的友好態(tài)度不應(yīng)看作表面應(yīng)付或故作姿態(tài)，應(yīng)當(dāng)視為歷史發(fā)展形式的一種文化傳統(tǒng)。 第四段從文化的角度探討產(chǎn)生這一現(xiàn)象的原因。 同任何發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家一樣，所有美國(guó)人的社會(huì)交往都要受制于一整套復(fù)雜的文化特征、信念和習(xí)俗。當(dāng)然，會(huì)講一種語(yǔ)言并不意味著就明白該語(yǔ)言的社會(huì)與文化模式，不能正確“詮釋”文化意義的旅行者經(jīng)常得出錯(cuò)誤的結(jié)論。比如，美國(guó)人嘴里的“朋友”，其文化內(nèi)涵可能與旅行者母語(yǔ)中的“朋友”所指及文化內(nèi)涵大相徑庭。要想分清稱呼“朋友”是出自好客的習(xí)俗還是出自個(gè)人興趣，只靠在公共汽車(chē)上的萍水相逢是不夠的。但是，友善是許多美國(guó)人大力推崇的美德，他們也希望鄰人與陌生人也會(huì)如此。 第五段重申美國(guó)人視助人為樂(lè)為一種美德。
［A］tends to be superficial and artificial
［B］is generally well kept up in the United States
［C］is always understood properly
［D］has something to do with the busy tourist trails
Passage3
Technically,any substance other than food that alters our bodily or mental functioning is a drug.Many people mistakenly believe the term drug refers only to some sort of medicine or an illegal chemical taken by drug addicts.They dont realize that familiar substances such as alcohol and tobacco are also drugs.This is why the more neutral term substance is now used by many physicians and psychologists.The phrase “substance abuse” is often used instead of “drug abuse” to make clear that substances such as alcohol and tobacco can be just as harmfully misused as heroin and cocaine.
We live in a society in which the medicinal and social use of substances (drugs)is pervasive:an aspirin to quiet a headache,some wine to be sociable,coffee to get going in the morning,a cigarette for the nerves.When do these socially acceptable and apparently constructive uses of a substance become misuses?First of all,most substances taken in excess will produce negative effects such as poisoning or intense perceptual distortions.Repeated use of a substance can also lead to physical addiction or substance dependence.Dependence is marked first by an increased tolerance,with more and more of the substance required to produce the desired effect,and then by the appearance of unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the substance is discontinued.
Drugs (substances) that affect the central nervous system and alter perception,mood,and behavior are known as psychoactive substances.Psychoactive substances are commonly grouped according to whether they are stimulants,depressants,or hallucinogens.Stimulants initially speed up or activate the central nervous system,whereas depressants slow it down.Hallucinogens have their primary effect on perception,distorting and altering it in a variety of ways including producing hallucinations.These are the substances often called psychedelic (from the Greek word meaning “mindmanifesting”) because they seemed to radically alter ones state of consciousness.
59、“Substance abuse”(Line 4,Paragraph 1)is preferable to “drug abuse” in that [].
（本題分值：2分）
【正確答案】
D
［注釋?zhuān)葸@是一道細(xì)節(jié)題。本題問(wèn)的是文中認(rèn)為“物質(zhì)濫用”的說(shuō)法好是“藥物濫用”的原因。第一段最后一句話清楚地給出了答案，即其他物質(zhì)，例如煙、酒的濫用與海洛因一樣有害。這里決不只是說(shuō)煙草和酒精�！癝UCH AS”說(shuō)明只是以之舉例，所以［D］正確，［C］不正確。
［A］substances can alter our bodily or mental functioning if illegally used
［B］“drug abuse” is only related to a limited number of drug takers
［C］alcohol and tobacco are as fatal as heroin and cocaine
［D］many substances other than heroin or cocaine can also be poisonous
60、The word “pervasive”(Line 1,Paragraph 2)might mean [].
（本題分值：2分）
【正確答案】
A
［注釋?zhuān)葸@是一道詞義題。從第二段第一句話中冒號(hào)以后的部分不難看出：這是在列舉各種SUBSTANCES(DRUGS)在日常生活中各個(gè)方面的使用。憑此可以判斷PERVASIVE應(yīng)為“廣泛的、普遍的”。其他幾個(gè)選項(xiàng)的詞意均與上下文無(wú)關(guān)。
［A］widespread
［B］overwhelming
［C］piercing
［D］fashionable
61、Physical dependence on certain substances results from [].
（本題分值：2分）
【正確答案】
A
［注釋?zhuān)葸@是一道細(xì)節(jié)題。文中第二段指出，頻繁使用和過(guò)量使用都會(huì)導(dǎo)致藥物依賴。顯然［A］的意思最符合原文。
［A］uncontrolled consumption of them over long periods of time
［B］exclusive use of them for social purposes
［C］quantitative application of them to the treatment of diseases
［D］careless employment of them for unpleasant symptoms
62、From the last paragraph we can infer that [].
（本題分值：2分）
【正確答案】
B
［注釋?zhuān)葸@是一道推斷題。［A］的意思是興奮劑對(duì)神經(jīng)的作用是積極的，而文中只說(shuō)它能加速、激活人的中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)，而并未對(duì)這種加速本身的好壞作出評(píng)價(jià)。［C］的意思在文中沒(méi)有表達(dá)。［D］具有一定迷惑作用。原文說(shuō)的是PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCES(對(duì)神經(jīng)起顯著作用的藥物)可分為以下三類(lèi)，而不是按類(lèi)結(jié)合使用。而文中論及幻覺(jué)劑時(shí)，用了DISTORTING(扭曲)及“根本上改變?nèi)说木駹顟B(tài)”等來(lái)表述，表達(dá)了其本身對(duì)人有害的意思。
譯文 解讀 從技術(shù)角度講，除食品外，任何能改變我們生理和心理機(jī)能的物質(zhì)都是藥物。許多人錯(cuò)誤地認(rèn)為“藥物”這個(gè)詞僅指某些藥品或嗜毒者服用的違禁化學(xué)品。他們沒(méi)有認(rèn)識(shí)到像酒精、煙草這些熟悉的物質(zhì)也是藥物。這也就是為什么許多醫(yī)生和心理學(xué)家現(xiàn)在使用了一個(gè)更為中性的詞——物質(zhì)，他們常用“物質(zhì)濫用”而不用“藥物濫用”來(lái)清楚表明濫用酒精和煙草這樣的物質(zhì)同濫用海洛因和可卡因一樣有害。 這是一篇議論文。
第一段提出并定義藥物濫用。 在我們生活的社會(huì)里，物質(zhì)(藥物)被廣泛地使用于社會(huì)交往和疾病醫(yī)治：服阿司匹林來(lái)緩解頭痛，喝點(diǎn)兒酒來(lái)應(yīng)酬，早晨喝咖啡來(lái)提神，吸支煙鎮(zhèn)定一下情緒等。使用這些物質(zhì)得到了社會(huì)認(rèn)可，而且顯然具有積極的一面，但什么時(shí)候變成濫用了呢?首先，大多數(shù)物質(zhì)使用過(guò)量都會(huì)產(chǎn)生副作用，譬如中毒或反復(fù)使用一種物質(zhì)可導(dǎo)致上癮或?qū)υ撐镔|(zhì)(藥物)的依賴。依賴的最初表現(xiàn)為耐受力增強(qiáng)，用量越來(lái)越大才能達(dá)到預(yù)期效果，一旦停用就會(huì)出現(xiàn)不舒服的停藥癥狀。 第二段指出藥物濫用的形成原因，過(guò)度或頻繁使用藥物造成依賴使對(duì)這些藥物積極的使用變成了濫用。 影響中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)和改變感知覺(jué)、情緒和行為的藥物(物質(zhì))被稱為心理活性物質(zhì)。這類(lèi)物質(zhì)一般分為興奮劑、鎮(zhèn)靜劑和幻覺(jué)劑。興奮劑主要起到加速或刺激中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)活動(dòng)的作用，而鎮(zhèn)靜劑則相反：使其活動(dòng)減慢。幻覺(jué)劑主要作用于人的知覺(jué)，以各種不同的方式對(duì)知覺(jué)加以扭曲和改變，其中包括產(chǎn)生幻覺(jué)。這些物質(zhì)常被認(rèn)為能“引起幻覺(jué)”(PSYCHEDELIC一詞源自希臘語(yǔ)，意思是“心靈顯現(xiàn)”)，因?yàn)樗鼈兯坪跄芨淖內(nèi)说囊庾R(shí)形態(tài)。 第三段指出分別介紹了影響中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)，改變感知覺(jué)和行為的三種藥物。
［A］stimulants function positively on the mind
［B］hallucinogens are in themselves harmful to health
［C］depressants are the worst type of psychoactive substances
［D］the three types of psychoactive substances are commonly used in groups
Passage4
No company likes to be told it is contributing to the moral decline of a nation.“Is this what you intended to accomplish with your careers?” Senator Robert Dole asked Time Warner executives last week.“You have sold your souls,but must you corrupt our nation and threaten our children as well?” At Time Warner,however,such questions are simply the latest manifestation of the soulsearching that has involved the company ever since the company was born in 1990.Its a selfexamination that has,at various times,involved issues of responsibility,creative freedom and the corporate bottom line.
At the core of this debate is chairman Gerald Levin,56,who took over for the late Steve Ross in 1992.On the financial front,Levin is under pressure to raise the stock price and reduce the companys mountainous debt,which will increase to $173 billion after two new cable deals close.He has promised to see off some of the property and restructure the company,but investors are waiting impatiently.
The flap over rap is not making life any easier for him.Levin has consistently defended the companys rap music on the grounds of expression.In 1992,when Time Warner was under fire for releasing IceTs violent rap song Cop Killer,Levin described rap as a lawful expression of street culture,which deserves an outlet.“The test of any democratic society,”he wrote in a Wall Street Journal column,“l(fā)ies not in how well it can control expression but in whether it gives freedom of thought and expression the widest possible latitude,however disputable or irritating the results may sometimes be.We won't retreat in the face of any threats.”
Levin would not comment on the debate last week,but there were signs that the chairman was backing off his hardline stand,at least to some extent.During the discussion of rock singing verses at last month's stockholders' meeting,Levin asserted that “music is not the cause of society's ills” and even cited his son,a teacher in the Bronx,New York,who uses rap to communicate with students.But he talked as well about the “balanced struggle” between creative freedom and social responsibility,and he announced that the company would launch a drive to develop standards for distribution and labeling of potentially objectionable music.
The 15member Time Warner board is generally supportive of Levin and his corporate strategy.But insiders say several of them have shown their concerns in this matter.“Some of us have known for many,many years that the freedoms under the First Amendment are not totally unlimited,” says Luce.“I think it is perhaps the case that some people associated with the company have only recently come to realize this.”
63、Senator Robert Dole criticized Time Warner for [].
（本題分值：2分）
【正確答案】
C
［注釋?zhuān)葸@是一道細(xì)節(jié)題。文中第一段ROBERT DOLE對(duì)TIME WARNER總經(jīng)理的質(zhì)問(wèn)(“你們已出賣(mài)了你們的靈魂，是否還要敗壞我們的國(guó)家、威脅我們的孩子?”)表明他批評(píng)后者缺乏社會(huì)責(zé)任感。
［A］its raising of the corporate stock price
［B］its selfexamination of soul
［C］its neglect of social responsibility
［D］its emphasis on creative freedom
64、According to the passage,which of the following is TRUE?
（本題分值：2分）
【正確答案】
D
［注釋?zhuān)葸@是一道是非判斷題。文中第二段第一句話中的LATE作“已故的”解。即說(shuō)明STEVE ROSS已去世，所以正確答案為［D］。
［A］Luce is a spokesman of Time Warner.
［B］Gerald Levin is liable to compromise.
［C］Time Warner is united as one in the face of the debate.
［D］Steve Ross is no longer alive
65、In face of the recent attacks on the company,the chairman [].
（本題分值：2分）
【正確答案】
B
［注釋?zhuān)葸@是一道細(xì)節(jié)題。第四段第一句話是主要提示。這句話意思是“LEVIN不愿對(duì)上周的辯論作出評(píng)論，但有跡象表明，他正在某種程度上從強(qiáng)硬路線上退縮”。這顯然是［B］項(xiàng)的意思。
［A］stuck to a strong stand to defend freedom of expression
［B］softened his tone and adopted some new policy
［C］changed his attitude and yielded to objection
［D］received more support from the 15-member board
66、The best title for this passage might be [].
（本題分值：2分）
【正確答案】
A
［注釋?zhuān)葸@是一道主旨題。文章的核心是時(shí)代華納公司，主要內(nèi)容是對(duì)該公司的批評(píng)與辯論。所以［A］(遭到非難的公司)最為合適。譯文 解讀 沒(méi)有哪家公司樂(lè)意聽(tīng)到別人說(shuō)它敗壞了社會(huì)風(fēng)氣。上星期參議員羅伯特·多爾質(zhì)問(wèn)時(shí)代-華納公司經(jīng)理們時(shí)問(wèn)道，“莫非這就是你們要成就的事業(yè)嗎?你們已經(jīng)出賣(mài)了自己的靈魂，難道還一定要腐蝕整個(gè)民族，威脅下一代嗎?”不過(guò)，對(duì)于成立于1990年的時(shí)代-華納公司來(lái)說(shuō)，這樣的質(zhì)詢只不過(guò)是公司自我解剖的最新表白，是在不同時(shí)期關(guān)系到責(zé)任、創(chuàng)作自由和利潤(rùn)等問(wèn)題的自我檢查。 這是一個(gè)新聞體篇。
第一段提出有人員指責(zé)時(shí)代華納公司缺乏應(yīng)有的社會(huì)責(zé)任感。 56歲的董事長(zhǎng)杰拉爾德·萊文是爭(zhēng)論的焦點(diǎn)人物。萊文是在1992年取代已故董事長(zhǎng)史蒂夫·羅斯的。財(cái)政上，他承受著抬高股價(jià)、減少公司巨額債務(wù)的壓力。在談定兩筆新的有線電視買(mǎi)賣(mài)后，債務(wù)將達(dá)到173億美元。他已答應(yīng)出售部分財(cái)產(chǎn)，重組公司。然而，投資者正在焦躁地等待著。
夸大說(shuō)唱音樂(lè)的作用并未使他的日子好過(guò)一些。萊文一直以表達(dá)情感為借口捍衛(wèi)公司的說(shuō)唱音樂(lè)。1992年，公司因出品冰特樂(lè)隊(duì)的狂暴的說(shuō)唱歌曲《警察殺手》而備受責(zé)難時(shí)，萊文說(shuō)，這是街頭文化的合法表達(dá)形式，它應(yīng)該有自己的宣泄渠道。他在《華爾街日?qǐng)?bào)》一篇專(zhuān)欄文章中寫(xiě)道：“對(duì)任何一個(gè)民主社會(huì)的檢驗(yàn)不在于它如何嚴(yán)格地控制言論的自由表達(dá)，而在于它能否盡可能寬松地給予人們思考和表達(dá)的自由——不管其結(jié)果有時(shí)候可能引起多么大的爭(zhēng)議和憤怒。面對(duì)威脅，我們決不退卻。” 第二、三段指出處于爭(zhēng)議中心的時(shí)代華納公司董事長(zhǎng)的處境及其所持強(qiáng)硬立場(chǎng)。 萊文對(duì)上周的評(píng)論不置一辭，但有跡象表明這位總裁的強(qiáng)硬立場(chǎng)起碼在一定程度上有所松動(dòng)。在上個(gè)月舉行的股東大會(huì)上，人們討論了搖滾樂(lè)的唱詞。萊文強(qiáng)調(diào)說(shuō)：“音樂(lè)不是社會(huì)丑惡現(xiàn)象的根源”，并且還舉了他那在紐約布郎克斯任教的兒子為例，他的兒子以說(shuō)唱音樂(lè)的形式與學(xué)生交流。但他也談到了創(chuàng)作自由與社會(huì)責(zé)任要“努力保持平衡”的問(wèn)題。他宣布，公司將盡力對(duì)可能招致人們反對(duì)的音樂(lè)制定各種發(fā)行和標(biāo)識(shí)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。 第四段指出在這次爭(zhēng)議中，他做出某些程度的讓步，提出應(yīng)在創(chuàng)造自由和社會(huì)責(zé)任中尋找平衡。 總的來(lái)說(shuō)，時(shí)代-華納公司董事會(huì)的15名董事是支持他的立場(chǎng)和公司經(jīng)營(yíng)策略的，但據(jù)內(nèi)部人士透露，其中幾位對(duì)此表示擔(dān)憂�！拔覀儺�(dāng)中有的人許多年來(lái)就知道憲法修正案第一條講的自由不是寬大無(wú)邊的�！北R斯說(shuō)，“但覺(jué)得公司里有些人可能最近才意識(shí)到這一點(diǎn)�！� 第五段指出公司董事會(huì)在這次爭(zhēng)議中意識(shí)到了問(wèn)題，意見(jiàn)出現(xiàn)了分歧。
［A］A Company under Fire
［B］A Debate on Moral Decline
［C］A Lawful Outlet of Street Culture
［D］A Form of Creative Freedom
Passage5
Much of the language used to describe monetary policy,such as “steering the economy to a soft landing” or “a touch on the brakes”,makes it sound like a precise science.Nothing could be further from the truth.The link between interest rates and inflation is uncertain.And there are long,variable lags before policy changes have any effect on the economy.Hence the analogy that likens the conduct of monetary policy to driving a car with a blackened windscreen,a cracked rearview mirror and a faulty steering wheel.
Given all these disadvantages,central bankers seem to have had much to boast about of late.Average inflation in the big seven industrial economies fell to a mere 2.3% last year,close to its lowest level in 30 years,before rising slightly to 2.5% this July.This is a long way below the doubledigit rates which many countries experienced in the 1970s and early 1980s.
It is also less than most forecasters had predicted.In late 1994 the panel of economists which The Economist polls each month said that Americas inflation rate would average 3.5% in 1995.In fact,it fell to 2.6% in August,and is expected to average only about 3% for the year as a whole.In Britain and Japan inflation is running half a percentage point below the rate predicted at the end of last year.This is no flash in the pan;over the past couple of years,inflation has been consistently lower than expected in Britain and America.
Economists have been particularly surprised by favorable inflation figures in Britain and the United States,since conventional measures suggest that both economies,and especially Americas,have little productive slack.Americas capacity utilization,for example,hit historically high levels earlier this year,and its jobless rate (5.6% in August)has fallen below most estimates of the natural rate of unemployment—the rate below which inflation has taken off in the past.
Why has inflation proved so mild?The most thrilling explanation is,unfortunately,a little defective.Some economists argue that powerful structural changes in the world have upended the old economic models that were based upon the historical link between growth and inflation.
67、From the passage we learn that [].
（本題分值：2分）
【正確答案】
C
［注釋?zhuān)葸@是一道綜合推斷題。文中列舉的許多數(shù)據(jù)都在說(shuō)明［C］的意思(經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)比預(yù)料的好)，如通脹率的降低等。
［A］there is a definite relationship between inflation and interest rates
［B］economy will always follow certain models
［C］the economic situation is better than expected
［D］economists had foreseen the present economic situation
68、According to the passage,which of the following is TRUE?
（本題分值：2分）
【正確答案】
B
［注釋?zhuān)葸@是一道是非判斷題。第四段最后一句話表明當(dāng)失業(yè)率低于人們估計(jì)的自然失業(yè)率時(shí)，通脹率便已起飛(TAKE OFF)。這顯然是［B］的意思。
［A］Making monetary policies is comparable to driving a car.
［B］An extremely low jobless rate will lead to inflation.
［C］A high unemployment rate will result from inflation.
［D］Interest rates have an immediate effect on the economy.
69、The sentence “This is no flash in the pan” (Line 4,Paragraph 3) means that [].
（本題分值：2分）
【正確答案】
A
［注釋?zhuān)葸@是一道句意題�！癋LASH IN THE PAN”意為“曇花一現(xiàn)”�！癟HIS IS NO FLASH IN THE PAN”即這不會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)瞬即逝，而要持續(xù)一段時(shí)間。
［A］the low inflation rate will last for some time
［B］the inflation rate will soon rise
［C］the inflation will disappear quickly
［D］there is no inflation at present
70、The passage shows that the author is [] the present situation.
（本題分值：2分）
【正確答案】
D
［注釋?zhuān)葸@是一道態(tài)度題。作者用大部分篇幅描述了目前經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)中出乎意料的情況。表達(dá)了他的驚奇。認(rèn)為其不可思議。
譯文 解讀 “經(jīng)濟(jì)軟著陸”，“讓經(jīng)濟(jì)剎車(chē)”不少這類(lèi)描述金融政策的詞語(yǔ)聽(tīng)起來(lái)令人覺(jué)得這是一門(mén)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)目茖W(xué)。事實(shí)上絕非如此。利率與通貨膨脹率之間的聯(lián)系并不是確定的。政策變化對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)生影響之前會(huì)出現(xiàn)為時(shí)不短而且變化莫測(cè)的滯后期。因此人們將金融政策的實(shí)施比做駕駛一輛擋風(fēng)玻璃灰暗、后視鏡破碎而且方向盤(pán)失靈的破車(chē)。 這是一篇議論文。
第一段指出經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行難以預(yù)測(cè)，貨幣政策不能有效調(diào)控通貨膨脹。 雖然有這么多不利因素，但近來(lái)央行的銀行家似乎有了不少可以夸耀的東西。七大工業(yè)國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的通脹率去年平均降到了2.3%，接近三十年以來(lái)最低水平，今年七月才微微上揚(yáng)到2.5%，比許多國(guó)家在20世紀(jì)70年代和80年代早期的兩位數(shù)通脹率低多了。 第二段指出各國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)比預(yù)想的好，平均通貨膨脹率比預(yù)測(cè)的低。 這也比大多數(shù)預(yù)言家預(yù)測(cè)的要低。《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家》每月都要邀請(qǐng)一些經(jīng)濟(jì)專(zhuān)家座談，1994年底特邀的經(jīng)濟(jì)專(zhuān)家們說(shuō)，1995年美國(guó)的平均通脹率將達(dá)到3.5%。事實(shí)上，在八月份就降到了2.6%，而且全年的通脹率有望維持在3%左右。在英國(guó)和日本，通脹率比去年年底預(yù)計(jì)的低半個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。這絕不是曇花一現(xiàn)，在過(guò)去兩三年里，英美兩國(guó)的通脹率持續(xù)低于預(yù)期數(shù)值。
特別讓經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家驚詫不已的是，英美兩國(guó)的通脹率帶來(lái)的是良性結(jié)果，因?yàn)閭鹘y(tǒng)的衡量辦法表明兩國(guó)(特別是美國(guó))的經(jīng)濟(jì)生產(chǎn)幾乎沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)滑坡。比如，在今年早些時(shí)候，美國(guó)的生產(chǎn)力利用率創(chuàng)歷史新高，而失業(yè)率(八月份為5.6%)卻低于多數(shù)人預(yù)測(cè)的自然失業(yè)率。而在過(guò)去，失業(yè)率低于此，通脹率就會(huì)上升。 第三、四段指出經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家沒(méi)有預(yù)料到目前的經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)會(huì)這么好。 為什么通貨膨脹未造成什么沖擊?可惜的是，最令人振奮的解釋也不是無(wú)懈可擊。某些經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家認(rèn)為，巨大的世界性的結(jié)構(gòu)變化已打破了原有的以經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)和通貨膨脹之間的歷史聯(lián)系為基礎(chǔ)的舊的經(jīng)濟(jì)模式。 第五段提出通貨膨脹如此輕微的原因。
［A］critical of
［B］puzzled by
［C］disappointed at
［D］amazed at
Part Ⅳ EnglishChinese Translation(每題3分，共15分)Directions:
Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese. Your translation must be written neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.(15 points)
Do animals have rights?This is how the question is usually put.It sounds like a useful,groundclearing way to start.(71)(Actually,it isn't,because it assumes that there is an agreed account of human rights,which is something the world does not have.)
On one view of rights,to be sure,it necessarily follows that animals have none.(72)(Some philosophers argue that rights exist only within a social contract,as part of an exchange of duties and entitlements.)Therefore,animals cannot have rights.The idea of punishing a tiger that kills somebody is absurd;for exactly the same reason,so is the idea that tigers have rights.However,this is only one account,and by no means an uncontested one.It denies rights not only to animals but also to some people—for instance,to infants,the mentally incapable and future generations.In addition,it is unclear what force a contract can have for people who never consented to it:how do you reply to somebody who says “I don't like this contract”? The point is this:without agreement on the rights of people,arguing about the rights of animals is fruitless.(73)(It leads the discussion to extremes at the outset:it invites you to think that animals should be treated either with the consideration humans extend to other humans,or with no consideration at all.)This is a false choice.Better to start with another,more fundamental,question:is the way we treat animals a moral issue at all?
Many deny it.(74)(Arguing from the view that humans are different from animals in every relevant respect,extremists of this kind think that animals lie outside the area of moral choice.)Any regard for the suffering of animals is seen as a mistake—a sentimental displacement of feeling that should properly be directed to other humans.
This view,which holds that torturing a monkey is morally equivalent to chopping wood,may seem bravely “l(fā)ogical”.In fact it is simply shallow:the confused centre is right to reject it.The most elementary form of moral reasoning—the ethical equivalent of learning to crawl—is to weigh others interests against ones own.This in turn requires sympathy and imagination:without which there is no capacity for moral thought.To see an animal in pain is enough,for most,to engage sympathy.(75)(When that happens,it is not a mistake:it is mankind's instinct for moral reasoning in action,an instinct that should be encouraged rather than laughed at.)
71、
（本題分值：3分）
【正確答案】
事實(shí)并非如此，因?yàn)檫@種問(wèn)法是以人們對(duì)人的權(quán)利有共同認(rèn)識(shí)為前提的，而這種共識(shí)并不存在。
