Directions: You are going to read a list of headings and a text about preparing in the academic community. Choose the most suitable heading from the list A-F for each numbered paragraph (41-45). The first and last paragraphs of the text are not numbered. There is one extra heading which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) [A] Analyzing your own taste [B] Being cautious when experimenting [C] Finding a model to follow [D] Getting the final look absolutely right [E] Learning to be realistic [F] Making regular conscious choices When we meet people for the first time, we often make decisions about them based entirely on how they look. And, of course it’s something that works both ways, for we too are being judged on our appearance. When we look good, we feel good, which in turn leads to a more confident and self-assured manner. People then pick up on this confidence and respond positively towards us. Undoubtedly, it’s what’s inside that’s important, but sometimes we can send out the wrong signals simply by wearing inappropriate clothing or not spending enough time thinking about how others see us. 41___________ For example, people often make the mistake of trying to look like someone else they’ve seen in a magazine, but this is usually a disaster as we all have our own characteristics. Stand in front of a full-length mirror and be honest with yourself about what you see. There is no need to dwell on your faults—we all have good points and bad points—but think instead about the best way to emphasize the good ones. 42___________ When selecting your clothes each day, think about who you’re likely to meet, where you’re going to be spending most of your time and what tasks you are likely to perform. Clearly, some outfits will be more appropriate to different sorts of activity and this will dictate your choice to an extent. However, there’s no need to abandon your individual taste completely. After all, if you dress to please somebody else’s idea of what looks good, you may end up feeling uncomfortable and not quite yourself. 43___________ But to know your own mind, you have to get to know yourself. What do you truly feel good in? There are probably a few favourite items that you wear a lot—most people wear 20 per cent of their wardrobe 80 per cent of the time. Look at these clothes and ask yourself what they have in common. Are they neat and tidy, loose and flowing? Then look at the things hanging in your wardrobe that you don’t wear and ask yourself why. Go through a few magazines and catalogues and mark the things that catch your eye. Is there a common theme? 44___________ Some colors bring your natural colouring to life and others can give us a washed-out appearance. Try out new colours by all means, but remember that dressing in bright colours when you really like subtle neutral tones, or vice versa, will make you feel self-conscious and uncomfortable. You know deep down where your own taste boundaries lie. And although it’s good to challenge those sometimes with new combinations or shades, take care not to go too far all at once. 45___________ So, you’ve chosen an outfit that matches your style, your personality, your shape and your colouring. But does it fit? If something is too tight or too loose, you won’t achieve the desired effect, and no matter what other qualities it has, it won’t improve your appearance or your confidence. Sometimes, we buy things without thinking. Some people who dislike shopping grab the first thing they see, or prefer to use mail-order or the Internet. In all cases, if it doesn’t fit perfectly, don’t buy it, because the finer details are just as important as the overall style. Reappraising your image isn’t selfish because everyone who comes into contact with you will benefit. You’ll look better and you’ll feel a better person all round. And if in doubt, you only need to read Professor Albert Mehrabian’s book Silent Messages to remind yourself how important outward appearances are. His research showed that the impact we make on each other depend 55 per cent on how we look and behave, 38 per cent on how we speak and only 7 per cent on what we actually say. So, whatever stage you are at in your life, whatever role you play, isn’t it time you made the most of yourself? 答案 41.E 42.F 43.A 44.B 45.D 總體分析 本文是一篇關(guān)于個(gè)人著裝的評論。作者從實(shí)際可行性、個(gè)人品位、有意識(shí)選擇等幾方面論述了個(gè)人怎樣才能做到穿著大方得體。 第一段:作者指出外表的重要性,它是初次見面對彼此作出評價(jià)的依據(jù),會(huì)決定人們的自信心,如果不注意的話可能會(huì)傳遞出錯(cuò)誤的信號(hào)。 第二段至第五段:作者就如何做到著裝得體提出了一些建議,同時(shí)也對人們在選擇服裝時(shí)存在的一些問題進(jìn)行分析論述。 第六段:總結(jié)全文,指出重新評價(jià)個(gè)人形象的重要性。 試題精解 (一)瀏覽全文,把握文章大意。通過對該文章首尾兩段的閱讀,可以得知這篇文章主要論述的是:從外表塑造個(gè)人形象的問題。 (二)瀏覽選項(xiàng),確定選項(xiàng)的主要內(nèi)容和意思 [A] 分析個(gè)人品味 [B] 小心翼翼的嘗試 [C] 找一個(gè)模仿的榜樣 [D] 讓最終的形象完美無缺 [E] 學(xué)會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí) [F] 做定期的有意識(shí)的選擇 (三)閱讀所考段落 41、在本段中,作者舉例說明,我們每個(gè)人都有自己的個(gè)性特點(diǎn),所以沒有必要去盲目地模仿他人。而且每個(gè)人都各有所長,各有所短,人不應(yīng)該停留在自己的缺點(diǎn)上,而應(yīng)該充分展示自己的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。從這番評述中可以看出,作者建議我們對自身保持一個(gè)客觀的態(tài)度,也就是現(xiàn)實(shí)的實(shí)際的態(tài)度,而不要盲從。因此[E]項(xiàng)正確。[C]項(xiàng)正是該段所反駁的觀點(diǎn)。 42、在英語文章中,概括段落大意的句子一半多位于句首或句尾。本段的第一句話提到,每天選擇衣服時(shí),都要考慮一下自己要和誰見面,出現(xiàn)在何種場合,面對的是什么樣的任務(wù)。這也就說明:選擇衣服不是一件馬馬虎虎,隨意而為之的事情,而需要非常仔細(xì)小心,深思熟慮。選項(xiàng)[F]中,作者建議我們,做有規(guī)律的有意識(shí)的選擇,正是說的這個(gè)意思。其中regular 和each day相照應(yīng)。 43、在本段的開始作者提出一種觀點(diǎn),即要想了解你自己的想法,必須先認(rèn)識(shí)你自己。作者大段的論述后,概括起來就是:你最喜歡什么樣的衣服,最不喜歡什么樣的衣服,即個(gè)人喜好問題,而事實(shí)上,所謂的個(gè)人喜好就是個(gè)人品位。因此[A]項(xiàng)正確。 44、上一段作者就個(gè)人品位問題作了一番論述,并關(guān)于如何發(fā)現(xiàn)個(gè)人品位給了一些建議。在個(gè)人品位已經(jīng)確定的基礎(chǔ)上,接下來的事情就是挑選和嘗試了。與上面提到段落不同的是本段的段落主旨句不在句首而在句尾。作者以顏色為例告訴讀者,雖然嘗試一些新的東西是件不錯(cuò)的事情,但應(yīng)該注意不要走極端。細(xì)心的考生在本段可以發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)同義詞組try out 和challenge,前者是嘗試的意思,一般指嘗試某種新事物,后者為挑戰(zhàn)的意思,也可用于指對未知的事物做出的嘗試。而且這兩個(gè)詞與選項(xiàng)[B]中的experiment意思相近,experiment一種解釋為“試驗(yàn)”,另一種解釋就是“嘗試”。在本段最后一句話中,還出現(xiàn)了take care 一詞,與[B]項(xiàng)中的cautious 相呼應(yīng)。因此[B]項(xiàng)為最佳答案。 45、本段段首詞so起到了承上啟下的作用。前面幾段中作者提到了如何挑選衣服,如何確定自己的品位,如何謹(jǐn)慎地去嘗試。在這一段落的開始,作者指出:現(xiàn)在你已經(jīng)挑選了從個(gè)性、外形、顏色上來說都很適合你的衣服,在此考生需要注意的是之后提出的問題But does it fit?(它適合你嗎)。接著作者指出:事實(shí)上,如果一件衣服不是完全合適的話,就不應(yīng)該購買。然后再看文章的最后一段,作者開始泛泛談個(gè)人形象以及再評價(jià)它的重要性,已經(jīng)不再具體談如何著裝,由此可以推知,45段內(nèi)容應(yīng)該是關(guān)于如何著裝,如何購買服裝的最后建議,因此可確定[D]項(xiàng)為最佳答案。 全文翻譯 當(dāng)我們第一次和別人相遇時(shí),我們常常完全憑借他們的外表對其做出論斷。當(dāng)然,這是一件雙方面的事情,因?yàn)閯e人也通過我們的外表對我們做出評價(jià)。我們看起來好的時(shí)候,感覺也會(huì)良好,并將帶來更為自信和自我肯定的行為舉止。人們注意到這種自信,并對我們做出同樣積極的反應(yīng)。毫無疑問,真正重要的是一個(gè)人的內(nèi)在品質(zhì),但是有時(shí)僅僅因?yàn)椴幌喾Q的著裝,或者沒有花費(fèi)足夠的時(shí)間去考慮其他人對我們的看法,我們就可能傳遞出錯(cuò)誤的信號(hào)。 41找一個(gè)模仿的榜樣 例如,人們常常會(huì)錯(cuò)誤地努力使自己看起來像他們在雜志上見到的某個(gè)人,這常常會(huì)是一個(gè)大失敗,因?yàn)槲覀兠總(gè)人都有自己的特點(diǎn)。站到一個(gè)全身鏡子面前,坦誠地對待你所見到的自己。沒有必要在你的缺點(diǎn)上躊躇,因?yàn)槊總(gè)人都各有所長各有所短,相反,應(yīng)該考慮的是用最好的方法突出你的優(yōu)勢。 42做定期的有意識(shí)的選擇 每天挑選衣服的時(shí)候,都考慮一下你要和誰見面,你要度過大部分時(shí)間的地方以及你所要完成的任務(wù)。顯然,一些套裝更適合某些不同的活動(dòng),在某種程度上,這將決定你的選擇。然而,沒有必要完全放棄你自己的個(gè)人品位。畢竟,如果你是為了取悅他人的審美觀點(diǎn)的話,你將會(huì)以不舒適或者不完全是你自己的這種感覺告終。 43分析個(gè)人品味 為了了解你自己的想法,你必須認(rèn)識(shí)你自己。到底穿什么樣的衣服真正地感到舒適?可能會(huì)有幾件最喜歡,因此你經(jīng)常穿。許多人在80%的時(shí)間里只穿衣櫥里20%的衣服�?纯催@些衣服再問你自己它們有什么共同之處。是否干凈整潔?是否寬松平整?然后再看看掛在衣櫥里你不穿的衣服,問問自己原因何在。瀏覽一些雜志和目錄,在吸引你目光的東西上做出標(biāo)記。其中有沒有一個(gè)共同的主題? 44小心翼翼的嘗試 一些顏色可以使你的面色更加自然,生動(dòng),另外一些則會(huì)使我們看起來筋疲力盡。想盡一切辦法去試驗(yàn)新的色彩,但是要謹(jǐn)記,當(dāng)你真正喜歡的是隱約的中性色彩的時(shí)候,穿亮麗的衣服會(huì)讓你感覺不自然和不舒適,反之亦然。你深入了解自己品味的界限所在。盡管有時(shí)候挑戰(zhàn)一些新色彩組合的東西有好處,但是不應(yīng)該立刻走極端。 45讓最終的形象完美無缺 這樣,你已經(jīng)挑選出了適合自己風(fēng)格、個(gè)性、身材及面色的服裝,但是適合你嗎?如果衣服過瘦或者過肥,都達(dá)不到理想的效果。不管其他方面的質(zhì)量如何,它都不能為你的外表增色也不能提高你的自信。有時(shí)候,我們不加思索地購物,有些不喜歡購物的人匆匆忙忙地抓起自己第一眼看到的物品或者更愿意郵寄訂購或者選擇網(wǎng)絡(luò)。不管在什么情況下,如果不合適的話,就不要買,因?yàn)槲⑿〉募?xì)節(jié)和整體風(fēng)格一樣重要。 重新評價(jià)你的形象不是自私的,因?yàn)槊總(gè)與你接觸的人都會(huì)從中受益。你自己將看起來更好,對周圍的人也會(huì)感覺良好。如果仍有疑問的話,你需要去讀一下Albert Mehrabian教授的《無聲信息》一書以提醒自己一個(gè)人的外表何其重要。他的研究顯示:我們給他人留下的印象的55%取決于我們的外表和行為,38%取決于我們的談吐,只有7%取決于我們實(shí)際上表達(dá)的內(nèi)容。因此,無論你處在人生的哪個(gè)階段,無論你扮演的是何種角色,都是充分展示你自己的時(shí)候了。
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