Directions:

　　Read the following text.Choose the best word（s） for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.（ 10 points ）

　　Health implies more than physical fitness. It also implies mental and emotional well-being. An angry, frustrated, emotionally 1 person in good physical condition is not 2 healthy. Mental health, therefore, has much to do 3 how a person copes with the world as she/he exists. Many of the factors that 4 physical health also affect mental and emotional well-being.

　　Having a good self-image means that people have positive 5 pictures and good, positive feelings about themselves, about what they are capable 6, and about the roles they play. People with good self-images like themselves, and they are 7 like others. Having a good self-image is based 8 a realistic 9 of one's own worth and value and capabilities.

　　Stress is an unavoidable, necessary, and potentially healthful 10 of our society. People of all ages 11 stress. Children begin to 12 stress during prenatal development and during childbirth. Examples of stress inducing 13 in the life of a young person are death of a pet, pressure to 14 academically, the divorce of parents, or joining a new youth group. The different ways in which individuals 15 to stress may bring healthful or unhealthy results. One person experiencing a great deal of stress may function exceptionally well 16 another may be unable to function at all. If stressful situations are continually encountered, the individual's physical, social, and mental health are eventually affected.

　　Satisfying social relations are vital to 17 mental and emotional health. It is believed that in order to 18, develop, and maintain effective and fulfilling social relationships people must 19 the ability to know and trust each other, understand each other, influence, and help each other. They must also be capable of 20 conflicts in a constructive way.

　　1. A. unstable　　 B. unsure 　　C. imprecise 　　D. impractical

　　2. A. normally 　　B. generally 　　C. virtually　　 D. necessarily

　　3. A. on 　　B. at　　 C. to　　 D. with

　　4. A. signify　　 B. influence 　　C. predict 　　D. mark

　　5. A. intellectual　　 B. sensual 　　C. spiritual 　　D. mental

　　6. A. to be doing　　 B. with doing　　 C. to do 　　D. of doing

　　7. A. able better to　　 B. able to better　　C. better to able 　　D. better able to

　　8. A. on 　　B. from　　 C. at 　　D. about

　　9. A. assessment　　 B. decision 　　C. determination 　　D. assistance

　　10. A. ideality　　 B. realization 　　C. realism 　　D. reality

　　11. A. occur　　 B. engage 　　C. confront 　　D. encounter

　　12. A. tolerate　　 B. sustain 　　C. experience 　　D. undertake

　　13. A. evidence 　　B. accidents　　 C. adventures 　　D. events

　　14. A. acquire 　　B. achieve 　　C. obtain 　　D. fulfil

　　15. A. respond 　　B. return 　　C. retort 　　D. reply

　　16. A. why 　　B. when 　　C. while 　　D. where

　　17. A. sound　　 B. all�瞨ound 　　C. entire　　 D. whole

　　18. A. illuminate　　 B. enunciate 　C. enumerate 　　D. initiate

　　19. A. access 　　B. assess 　　C. process 　　D. possess

　　20. A. resolving 　　B. saluting 　　C. desolving 　　D. solving

　　SectionⅡReading Comprehension

　　Part A

　　Directions:

　　Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D�盡ark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1�保�40 points）

　　Text 1

　　As we have seen in earlier chapters, the American definition of success is largely one of acquiring wealth and a higher material standard of living. It is not surprising, therefore, that Americans have valued education for its monetary value. The belief is wide spread in the United States that the more schooling people have, the more money they will earn when they leave school. The belief is strongest regarding the desirability of an undergraduate university degree, or a professional degree such as medicine or law following the undergraduate degree. The money value of graduate degrees in“nonprofessional”fields such as art, history, or philosophy is not as great.

　　This belief in the monetary value of education is supported by statistics on income. Ben Wattenberg, a social scientist, estimated that in the course of a lifetime a man with a college degree in 1972 would earn about￥380 000 more than a man with just a high school diploma. Perhaps this helps to explain survey findings which showed that Americans who wished they had led their lives differently in some way regretted most of all that they did not get more education.

　　The regret is shared by those who have made it to the top and by those who have not. Journalist Richard Reeves quotes a black worker in a Ford automobile factory.

　　When I was in the ninth grade, I was getting bad grades and messing around. My father came home in the kitchen one night with a pair of Ford work pants and he threw them in my face.“Put these on,”he said,“because you're going to be wearing them the rest of your life if you don't get an education.”

　　Douglas Fraser, the president of the United Auto Workers Union, regretted not finishing high school so much that he occasionally lied about it. He told Richard Reeves about his pride in graduating from high school, but then a few minutes later he said:

　　I wasn't telling the truth about high school. I never finished. I quit in the twelfth grade to take a job…It's funny after all these years, I still lie about it. Because the fact is, I still think it was a stupid thing to do. I should have finished my education.

　　Even a man like Fraser, a nationally known and successful leader, was troubled by regrets that he did not climb higher on the educational ladder.

　　21.What is the main idea of this passage?

　　A.Americans place a high value on education.

　　B.Americans believe it is possible, though difficult, to be successful without an advanced degree.

　　C.Americans believe that the more the education, the higher the salary.

　　D.A basic American value is acquiring material wealth.

　　22.Which of the following degrees would probably be most valued by Americans?

　　A.A master's degree in literature.

　　B.A master's degree in specialized fields.

　　C.A master's degree in pure maths.

　　D.A master's degree in anthropology.

　　23.The survey conducted by Ben suggested that people regretted most having not got more education.

　　A.who hoped to teach

　　B.who were not content with their own way of living

　　C.who were proud of their social positions

　　D.who had quit high schools too early

　　24.When the factory worker in the third paragraph was a teenager, his father .

　　A.wanted him to start earning a living

　　B.wanted him to study harder

　　C.wanted him to work with him at the Ford plant

　　D.wanted him to stop wearing such messy clothes

　　25. Which of the following is TRUE about Douglas Fraser?

　　A.He was proud to have finished high school.

　　B.He became a successful leader thanks to his education.

　　C.He wished he hadn't dropped out of school.

　　D.He was a liar.

　　Text 2

　　The main idea of these business-school academics is appealing. In a word where companies must adapt to new technologies and source of competition, it is much harder than it used to be to offer good employees job security and an opportunity to climb the corporate ladder. Yet it is also more necessary than ever for employees to invest in beter skills and sparkle with bright ideas. How can firms get the most out of people if they can no longer offer them protection and promotion?

　　Many bosses would love to have an answer. Sumantrra Ghoshal of the London Business School and Christopher Bartlett of the Harvard Business school think they have one:“Employability.”If managers offer the right inds of training and guidance, and change their attitude towards their underlings, they will be able to reassure their employees that they will always have the skills and experience to find a good job-even if it is with a different company.

　　Unfortunately, they promise more than they deliver. Their thoughts on what an ideal organization should accomplish are hard to quarrel with: encourage people to be creative, make sure the gains from creativity are shared with the pains of the business that can make the most of them, keep the organization from getting stale and so forth. The real disappointment comes when they attempt to show how firms might actually create such an environment. At its nub is the notion that companies can attain their elusive goals by changing their implicit contract with individual workers, and treating them as a source of value rather than a cog in a machine.

　　The authors offer a few inspiring example of companies-they include Motorola, 3M and ABB-that have managed to go some way towards creating such organizations. But they offer little useful guidance on how to go about it, and leave the biggest questions unanswered. How do you continuously train people, without diverting them from their everyday job of making the business more profitable? How do you train people to be successful elsewhere while still encouraging them to make big commitments to your own firm? How do you get your newly liberated employees to spend their time on ideas that create value, and not simply on those they enjoy? Most of their answers are platitudinous, and when they are not they are unconvincing.

　　26. We can infer from the passage that in the past an employee .

　　A. had job security and opportunity of promotion

　　B. had to compete with each other to keep his job

　　C. had to undergo training all the time

　　D. had no difficulty climbing the corporate ladder

　　27�盬hat does the writer of this passage think of the ideas of Ghoshal and Bartlett?

　　A. Very instructive. 　　　B. Very inspiring.

　　C. Hard to implement. 　　D. Quite harsh.

　　28�盜n their work, Ghoshal and Bartlett discuss .

　　A. changes in business organizations

　　B. contracts between employers and employees

　　C. employment situation

　　D. management ideas

　　29�盩his passage seems to be a（n） .

　　A. book review B. advertisement

　　C. news report D. research paper

　　30. According to Chritopher Bartlett what will improve“employability”?

　　A. Ability to lay out one's talents to employers.

　　B. Skills and knowledge accumulated from school education.

　　C. Training opportunity and guidance offered by company.

　　D. Being creative and ready to share collective wisdom.

　　Text 3

　　To understand the failings of existing farm programs, it's important to understand the roots of the current farm crisis. At the heart of the problem is money-how much there is and how much it costs to borrow.

　　A farmer is a debtor almost by definition. In my own state, it's not unusual for a wheat farmer with 1,000 acres to owe several hundred thousand dollars for land and machinery. In addition to making payments on these loans, it's common for such a farmer to borrow about $ 40,000 each spring to cover fertilizer, diesel fuel, seed, and other operating expenses. The months before the harvest will be anxious ones as the farmer contemplates all the things that could bring: financial hardship, bad weather, crop disease, insects, falling commodity prices. If he has a good year, the farmer can repay his loans and retain some profit; in a bad one, he can lose his whole farm.

　　Money thus becomes one of the farmer's biggest expenses. Most consumers can find some refuge from high interest rates by postponing large purchases like houses or cars. Farmers have no choice. In 1989, for example, farmers paid $12 billion in interest costs while earning $ 32 billion; last year they paid $ 22 billion in interest costs, while earning only $ 20 billion. In a business in which profit margins are small, $ 4,000 more in interest can mean the difference between profit and loss. Since 1985, 100,000 family farms have disappeared, and while interest rates have fallen recently, they still imperil the nation's farmers.

　　This is why the most basic part of our nation's farm policy is its money and credit policy-which is set by Paul Voicker and the Federal Reserve Board. The Federal Reserve Board's responsibility for nearly ruining our economy is well-known. What's often overlooked is how the board's policies have taken an especially devastating toil on farmers. While high interest rates have increased farm expenses, they've also undermined the export market farmers have traditionally relied on.High interest rates, by stalling our economic engines, have been a drag on the entire world's economy. Developing and third�瞱orld nations have been particularly hard hit; struggling just to meet interest payments on their loans from multinational banks, they have had little cash left over to buy our farm products.

　　Even those countries that could still afford our farm products abandoned us for other producers. Our interest rates were so high that they attracted multinational bankers, corporations, and others who speculate on currencies of different countries. These speculators were willing to pay more for dollars in terms of pesos, yen, or marks because those rates guaranteed them such a substantial return.

　　31.This passage is intended to .

　　A.suggest effective means to deal with money crisis

　　B.satire the existing farm programs

　　C.argue against the current interest rates policy

　　D.advocate a modest attitude towards farmers

　　32.The author believes that .

　　A.high interest rates have an immediate effect on the farming industry

　　B.the Federal Reserve Board's policies will stimulate the export market

　　C.reduction of costs is a sure way to gain long�瞭erm profitability to the farmers

　　D.radical reforms are essential for the increase of productivity

　　33.Nowadays, developing and third world nations rarely buy American farm products mainly because .

　　A.they rely on their domestic markets and are self-sufficient on the whole

　　B.there are small profit margins in the business

　　C.farm products offered by other producers are of higher quality

　　D.they have financial difficulty

　　34.Multinational bankers and corporations were willing to pay more for dollars in terms of pesos and other currencies in the hope of .

　　A.gaining a large profit

　　B.helping those poor nations

　　C.decreasing interest rates

　　D.overcoming financial hardships

　　35.By“A farmer is a debtor almost by definition.”is meant that .

　　A.a“farmer”originally means a“debtor”

　　B.farmers have more to buy than workers or whatsoever

　　C.farmers have no choice but to pay high interest rates

　　D.farmers are vulnerable to natural disasters

　　Text 4

　　Among the many ways in which people communicate through speech, public speaking has probably received more study and attracted more attention than any other. Politicians campaigning for public office, salespeople presenting products, and preachers delivering sermons all depend upon this form of public communication. Even people who do not make speaking a part of their daily work are often asked to make public speeches: students at graduation, for instance, or members of churches, clubs, or other organizations. Nearly everyone speaks in public at some time or other, and those who perform the task well often become leaders.

　　There are many reasons for speaking in public. A public speaker may hope to teach an audience about new ideas, for example, or provide information about some topic. Creating a good feeling or entertaining an audience may be another purpose. Public speakers, however, most often seek to persuade an audience to adopt new opinions, to take certain actions, or to see the world in a new way.

　　Public speakers usually know well in advance when they are scheduled to make an address. Consequently, they are able to prepare their message before they deliver it. Sometimes, though, speakers must deliver the message unprepared, or off the cuff, such as when they are asked to offer a toast at a wedding reception or to participate in a televised debate or interview.

　　When they do not have to speak unpreparedly, most speakers write their own speeches. Politicians and business executives sometimes employ professional writers who prepare their speeches for them. These professional writers may work alone or in small teams. Although the speaker may have some input into the contents of the speech, the writers sometimes have a great influence over the opinions expressed by their employers. Regardless of how a speech is prepared, the person who delivers it is given credit for its effect upon its hearers.

　　36.Public speaking is well known to the average people because .

　　A. most of them have been trained as public speakers

　　B. such activities is prevalent in the society

　　C. most of them have to do it when they study at college

　　D. the passage does not mention the reason

　　37.Which of the following is rarely the purpose of public speaking?

　　A. To influence people's ideas and behavior.

　　B. To enjoy the satisfaction from one's own speech.

　　C. To persuade the audience to accept an idea.

　　D. To promote public interest

　　38.In paragraph 3, the expression“deliver the message off the cuff”means .

　　A. speak at a large reception

　　B. speak on television

　　C. speak according to the schedule

　　D. speak without preparation

　　39.Often the speech prepared by a professional writer for a boss .

　　A. is very professional and tactful

　　B. expresses the writer's idea of the matter

　　C. expresses the boss's idea of the matter

　　D. expresses the ideas of both

　　40.No matter who writes a speech, the audience .

　　A.believe it expressed the speaker's idea

　　B.know very well who the speaker is

　　C.know whose idea the speech really expresses

　　D.do not believe what the speaker says

　　Part B

　　Directions:

　　In the following article,some sentences have been removed.For Questions 41—45,choose the most suitable one from the list A—G to fit into each of the numbered blank.There are two extra choices,which do not fit in any of the gaps.

　　Lately, your job has taken up much of your time. You've even started bringing work at home and you keep working until the wee hours （凌晨）of the morning. You spend Saturdays and Sundays with your head bent on your work. And you're supposed to spend these days with your family, or friends, or for your relaxation!

　　No longer do you work in order to live, but you now live in order to work. Work is now the center of your daily life, while the more important things have been relegated（轉(zhuǎn)移,歸入）to the trunk of your car; or in the backseat, if things are still not that worse.

　　A workaholic. This is what you have become. The only time you don't think of work is during the three or four hours a day that you spend sleeping.41）_______________________

　　But little do you realize that by being too caught up with work, you gradually forget the reasons why you work: your family. Sure, you work to earn lots of money for them, but when was the last time you spent a full hour of quality time with your kids? Or your mom and dad? Or your friends? When was the last time you did something you used to do and enjoy before you mutated into a workaholic?

　　Here are a few tips to help you, the workaholic, re�瞗ocus and get the best out of life （and keep you healthy and alive in the long run too!）:

　　EIGHT HOURS OF SLEEP! Make it a point to get at least eight hours of sleep and plenty of rest. While food has substitutes in the form of natural medicines or artificial foods, there are no substitutes for sleep and rest. 42）____________

　　STRICTLY FAMILY ON WEEKENDS! Resolve to make Saturdays and Sundays strictly for family time. And stick to this! Mondays until Fridays you make an excuse not to relax and spend time with your family because it's work time, why not make a similar excuse for Saturdays and Sundays? “I can't work today because I'm spending time with my family.”

　　GET SOME FOOD IN! Make sure you get food in your stomach. Workaholics are known to be food�瞫kippers. If you can't afford to get off your desk or from doing paperwork, have food delivered to you. It's always a good idea if you have crackers on your drawer to ease the hunger pangs.

　　CONFINE WORK! Resolve to confine（限制,禁閉）work in your office.43）___________.Practice working only within your working hours. If you have an eight�瞭o�瞗ive working schedule, stick to it.

　　WORK UP THOSE MUSCLES! Exercise, exercise, exercise! Set aside at least an hour each day or every other day for exercise. You body needs to be conditioned, and working non�瞫top isn't going to give it the proper physical conditioning it needs. Since most workaholics tend to have their behinds stuck on their chairs, it's even more important that you get some exercise.

　　MAKE A PLAN! Plan your day. Work on only one or two things at a time. It's much easier to work on something and finish it first and then move on to the next rather than do a number of things all at the same time and never finish or accomplish anything at the end of the day. Make out a list of priorities. Write down things that need to be worked on immediately or are urgent, keeping the least ones at the bottom of your list. After you've done this, be guided by this list. 44）_______________.

　　WORK TO LIVE! Always keep in mind that you work so you can live and have a comfortable life. 45）_____________________.Don't make work your life.

　　[A]Don't believe that you can always “catch some sleep or rest later.” Your body cannot make up for lost sleep or rest time because it is not physiologically possible.

　　[B]Always remember that you don't live to work. Working is just one of the many useful and fruitful activities you do that enables you to live a good life and give your family （or any of your dependents） their needs.

　　[C]Don't strive for success at the expense of health.

　　[D]You've gotten too into working that you've forgotten how to enjoy life and the many things it offers.

　　[E]You devote 16 hours of your day each day to working furiously: making money, reaching goals, working on giving your families the best, planning and mobilizing yourself for success.

　　[F]Don't bring work to your home! Keep those files in your office desk where they belong. If you work from home, keep your work stuff in the confines of your home office. Keep them there until the next day when you start work.

　　[G]Turning this activity into a habit will also help you manage your time better, be more organized, and accomplish more.

　　Part C

　　Directions:

　　Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. （10 points）

　　In many developing countries, software piracy has become pandemic. According to Software Publishers Association, 95% of the software in Pakistan is pirated, 89% in Brazil, 88% in Malaysia and 82% in Mexico. 46）Hundreds of tiny gizmo shops in the mazelike streets of Seoul's Yongsan electronics market offer brandname U. S. made programs for a programer for a fraction of the list price, including Lotus 1-2-3 for $ 7.50 （ suggested retail: $ 368）. New Delhi's largest pirate outlet is a backroom operation that offers customers a catalog of nearly 400 titles and facilities for making copies for as little as $ 4 a disk （ $ 2.50 for customers who bring their own floppies）.

　　How to combat this rampant piracy? 47）The publishers'first approach was to control it through technical means-by putting codes in their programs that prevented users from copying them.

　　This strategy worked for a while, or at least until determined pirates found ways to get around it.48）But the codes also made it difficult for legitimate users to copy programs onto their hard drives. Copy protection became so unpopular that by 1986 most publishers had abandoned it as their first line of defense. But they didn't give up altogether. Through associations like Software Publishers Association they began picking off pirates one at a time, focusing on the biggest abusers. 49）Software Publishers Association began running spot checks and audits on major corporations, suing for damages when they found firms had bought, say, a single copy of a program and then made numerous unlicensed copies for its employees. Software Publishers Association also opened a hot line on which anybody can report the use of illegal software. The organization now gets 20 to 30 calls a day, mostly from former or disgruntled employees, and collects more than $ 3.5 million a year in fines and penalties.50）The washington based Business Software Alliance is conducting similar operations overseas, putting pressure on foreign governments to enforce the copyright laws already on the books.

　　SectionⅢ Writing

　　Part A

　　51.Directions:

　　Your friend Tom bought a cat some days ago, not knowing how to take good care of it, thus he wrote to you for your advice. Write him back with the following points:

　　1） express your surprise that he likes cat.

　　2） give him information concerning cat's living habit （eating, sleeping, etc.）

　　3）remind him that cat is always a naughty and independent animal so that he needs to be patient .

　　You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Jane” instead. You do not need to write the address. （10 points）

　　Part B

　　52.Directions:

　　Technology brought great convenience to our lives yet it also created multiple social problems. What do you think about technology? Please write about your opinion. Give two or three examples to illustrate your point.

　　You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.

　　SectionⅠUse of English

　　1. A. unstable

　　An angry, frustrated, emotionally unstable person in good physical condition is not necessarily healthy. 一個(gè)易怒的，情緒沮喪的，感情不穩(wěn)定但是體格很好的人，未必是健康的。

　　unstable adj.（情緒）不穩(wěn)定的。

　　B項(xiàng)unsure adj.沒有自信的，不肯定的，不確定的。C項(xiàng)imprecise adj.不嚴(yán)密的，不精確的。D項(xiàng)impractical adj.不切實(shí)際的。

　　2. D. necessarily

　　要表達(dá)“并不一定”、“未必”的意思，通常用not necessarily的搭配。

　　3. D. with

　　Mental health, therefore, has much to do with how a person copes with the world as it exists. 因此，精神健康，和一個(gè)人在生活中如何處理身邊的事情，有很大的關(guān)系。

　　have…（nothing, little, much, a lot） to do with…：和……（沒）有（很大的）關(guān)系。例如：

　　What I'm reading have nothing to do with you. 我在看什么，和你沒有關(guān)系。

　　4. B. influence

　　Many of the factors that influence physical health also affect mental and emotional well-being. 很多影響體格健康的因素，同時(shí)也影響精神和感情的健康。

　　influence影響。例如：

　　My teacher influenced my decision to study science. 我的老師對我學(xué)理科的決定起了影響作用。

　　influence也可做名詞。用法如下：

　�。ǔＥcon連用）影響力；感化力。例如：

　　My teacher's influence made me study science at college. 由于我老師的影響，我上大學(xué)學(xué)了理科。

　　Some women have bad influence upon their husbands. 有些婦女對其丈夫有壞影響。

　　A項(xiàng)signify

　�、俦硎�；象征；意味

　�、谟脛幼鞅硎尽�…意��。例如：

　　He signified his content with a nod.他以點(diǎn)頭表示同意。

　�、塾嘘P(guān)系；有重要性

　　C項(xiàng)predict v.預(yù)知，預(yù)言，預(yù)報(bào)。D項(xiàng)mark vt.做標(biāo)記于，打分?jǐn)?shù)，標(biāo)志。

　　5. D. mental

　　Having a good self-image means that people have positive mental pictures and good, positive feelings about themselves, about what they are capable of doing, and about the roles they play.有良好的自我感覺，意味著人們在心目中對自己的形象，能力，以及擔(dān)任的角色，有積極的，良好的認(rèn)識。

　　mental adj.精神的，智力的，心智的。和physical相對。一般“精神病”被稱作mental illness.

　　A項(xiàng)intellectual adj.智力的，有智力的，顯示智力的。作名詞時(shí)意為“知識分子”。

　　B項(xiàng)sensual adj.肉欲的，色情的，世俗的，強(qiáng)調(diào)“通過感官感覺到”的。

　　C項(xiàng)spiritual adj.非物質(zhì)的，精神的；靈魂的；宗教的；神圣的。和material相對。

　　6. D. of doing

　　capable of doing為固定搭配。大致相當(dāng)于be able to do.

　　7. D. better able to

　　People with good self-images like themselves, and they are better able to like others. 那些對自己的形象有積極認(rèn)識的人通常很欣賞自己，也更容易欣賞其他人。to be able to的比較級，用to be better able to.其他次序都不對。

　　8. A. on

　　Having a good self-image is based on a realistic assessment of one's own worth and value and capabilities.對自己的形象有積極的認(rèn)識，是建立在對自己的價(jià)值和能力的符合實(shí)際的評價(jià)基礎(chǔ)上的。

　　be based on：建立在……的基礎(chǔ)上

　　9. A. assessment

　　assessment是動詞assess（估計(jì)，估算；評估，評價(jià)）的名詞形式。B項(xiàng)decision、C項(xiàng)determination及D項(xiàng)assistance都沒有“評估”的意思。

　　10. D. reality

　　Stress is an unavoidable, necessary, and potentially healthful reality of our society. 壓力是我們社會中無可避免的，而且有潛在的促進(jìn)社會健康作用的現(xiàn)實(shí)存在。

　　表示“存在的現(xiàn)實(shí)狀況”用reality（n.真實(shí)，事實(shí)，本體，逼真）。

　　A項(xiàng)ideality n.理想。B項(xiàng)realization n.實(shí)現(xiàn)；認(rèn)識；領(lǐng)會。C項(xiàng)realism n.現(xiàn)實(shí)主義。

　　11. D. encounter

　　People of all ages encounter stress. 各個(gè)年齡段的人都會遇到壓力。

　　encounter遭遇；遇到。強(qiáng)調(diào)“偶然遇見”。

　　A項(xiàng)occur vi.發(fā)生，出現(xiàn)。

　　B項(xiàng)engage vt.使忙碌，雇傭，預(yù)定，使從事于，使參加。

　　C項(xiàng)confront①面對；面臨；遭遇。例如：

　　to confront danger（勇敢地）面對危險(xiǎn)

　　②（與with連用）使面對；使面臨。例如：

　　I am confronted with many difficulties.我面臨很多困難。

　　12. C. experience

　　Children begin to experience stress during prenatal development and during childbirth.兒童在出生之前，以及降臨到世界的過程中都有壓力的體驗(yàn)。

　　experience vt.經(jīng)驗(yàn)，體驗(yàn)，經(jīng)歷，閱歷。

　　A項(xiàng)tolerate vt. （主觀上努力去）忍受，容忍。B項(xiàng)sustain vt.支撐，撐住，維持，持續(xù)。D項(xiàng)undertake vt.承擔(dān)，擔(dān)任（也包含“主觀努力”的意思）。

　　13. D. events

　　Examples of stress-inducing events in the life of a young person are death of a pet, pressure to achieve academically, the divorce of parents, or joining a new youth group. 年輕人的生活中，能夠帶來壓力的事件，包括寵物的死亡，學(xué)業(yè)的壓力，父母的離異，或者加入新的年輕人的群體。

　　event來自拉丁語evenire發(fā)生，e�渤觯�外+venire來，發(fā)生出來的事就是“（比較重大的）事件”。

　　A項(xiàng)evidence n.明顯，顯著，明白，跡象，根據(jù)，[物]證據(jù)，證物。B項(xiàng)accident n.意外事件，（造成一定傷亡或者損失的）事故。C項(xiàng)adventure n.冒險(xiǎn)，冒險(xiǎn)的經(jīng)歷。

　　14. B. achieve

　　“學(xué)業(yè)上取得成就”用achieve.

　　A項(xiàng)acquire和C項(xiàng)obtain作“獲得”解時(shí)，一般后面都應(yīng)該跟賓語。D項(xiàng)fulfil vt.實(shí)踐，實(shí)行，完成，達(dá)到。側(cè)重“履行”之意。

　　15. A. respond

　　The different ways in which individuals respond to stress may bring healthful or unhealthy results.人們對壓力做出的不同的反應(yīng)方式，可能會帶來有益于健康，或者不利于健康的后果。

　　respond（常與to連用）反應(yīng)；回報(bào)；對……有反應(yīng)；對……起作用。

　　B項(xiàng)return vt.歸還，回報(bào)，報(bào)告，獲得，回答，返回。C項(xiàng)retort v.反駁，反擊。D項(xiàng)reply vi.答復(fù)，回?fù)簦瑘?bào)復(fù)，答辯，回答。

　　16. C. while

　　One person experiencing a great deal of stress may function exceptionally well while another may be unable to function at all.在巨大的壓力下，有的人可能會應(yīng)對非常自如，但是另一個(gè)人就完全無法正常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。

　　while此處是一個(gè)表示轉(zhuǎn)折意義的連詞，表示“雖然，但是”。例如：

　　While I understand what you say, I can't agree with you. 雖然我理解你的意思，但我還是不同意。

　　You like tennis, while I'd rather read. 你愛打網(wǎng)球，但我愛看書。

　　類似用法的連詞還有whereas.例如：

　　Some people like fat meat, whereas others hate it. 有些人喜歡肥肉，相反有些人討厭肥肉。

　　17. A. sound

　　Satisfying social relations are vital to sound mental and emotional health. 讓人滿意的社會關(guān)系對于良好的精神和情緒健全至關(guān)重要。

　　sound此處意為“完好的、健全的”，類似wholesome。B項(xiàng) all-round adj.多方面的，多才多藝的。

　　18. D. initiate

　　It is believed that in order to initiate, develop, and maintain effective and fulfilling social relationships people must possess the ability to know and trust each other, understand each other, influence, and help each other. 一般認(rèn)為，要想建立，發(fā)展，并且維持有效而給人滿足感的社會關(guān)系，人們必須擁有了解和信任他人，影響他人，和幫助他人的能力。

　　initiate vt.創(chuàng)始；發(fā)起

　　A項(xiàng) illuminate vt.照明，照亮，闡明，說明。B項(xiàng)enunciate v.闡明，清晰發(fā)言。C項(xiàng)enumerate v.列舉。

　　19. D. possess

　　possess：擁有。其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)不具有“擁有”的含義。

　　20. A. resolving

　　They must also be capable of resolving conflicts in a constructive way.他們必須有能力以建設(shè)性的方法來解決沖突。

　　“解決沖突”用“resolve”。

　　solve解決；解答，解釋。例如：

　　solve a problem解決一個(gè)問題

　　Section II Reading Comprehension

　　Part A

　　Text 1

　　詞語注釋

　　monetary adj.錢的；貨幣的；金融的quit v.離開；退出；放棄（思想、行動等）

　　desirability n.值得弄到手的東西statistics n.統(tǒng)計(jì)，統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字

　　findings n.調(diào)查（或研究）的結(jié)果pants n.褲子

　　occasionally adv.偶然地，非經(jīng)常地mess around[美俚]浪費(fèi)時(shí)間，混日子

　　文章概要

　　本文介紹了美國人十分重視教育的金錢價(jià)值，這一價(jià)值已被收入的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字所證實(shí)，然后又舉例說明處于高位的人和普通人都對沒有完成接受理想的教育而后悔。

　　答案點(diǎn)評

　　21.A參見首段前3句內(nèi)容：美國人關(guān)于成功的定義就是能獲得財(cái)富以及較高的物質(zhì)生活水平。毫不奇怪，美國人重視教育在于它的金錢價(jià)值。在美國廣為流傳的一個(gè)觀念是人們所受教育愈高，那么他畢業(yè)后所掙的薪水就愈高。第2段首句又講，教育的金錢價(jià)值的觀念被收入的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字所證實(shí)，而從第3段開始舉出了處于高位的人和普通的人都對沒有完成接受理想教育而抱憾。這就是本文的基本思想。C項(xiàng)，美國人確信受的教育越多，工資就越高，是干擾項(xiàng)，這是一個(gè)具體問題，文中也提到，但它無法概括全文，故不是key.

　　22.B參見首段最后兩句：人們堅(jiān)信，獲得大學(xué)學(xué)位或者獲得醫(yī)學(xué)和法學(xué)這類專業(yè)的碩士學(xué)位（繼獲得大學(xué)學(xué)位獲得的學(xué)位）是最為理想的事。而那些“非專業(yè)”領(lǐng)域，例如藝術(shù)、歷史、哲學(xué)畢業(yè)的研究生學(xué)位就沒有那么高的金錢價(jià)值了。由此證明B是key.

　　23.B由Ben進(jìn)行的調(diào)查表明，那些對自己生活不滿意的人，沒有能接受更高的教育而最為后悔，這可參見第2段末句：這也許可幫助調(diào)查結(jié)果，這些結(jié)果顯示，那些希望他們過去在某方面生活不同的美國人感到最為后悔的事，就是他們沒能受到更高的教育。這與題意完全相吻合。

　　24.B參見第3段一個(gè)黑人工人的自述，尤其是第3句（引導(dǎo)）：“穿上這個(gè)工作褲，如果你不受教育，你就一輩子穿下去�！边@說明父親要他好好學(xué)習(xí)。

　　25.C參見本文倒數(shù)第2段Douglas Fraser所說的話：至于高中我沒有說實(shí)情，我根本沒畢業(yè)，我在12年級就輟學(xué)工作了……讓人好笑的是，這么多年過去了，我仍在說謊。原因是我仍然認(rèn)為，那是件愚蠢的事，我應(yīng)當(dāng)完成我的學(xué)習(xí)。這與題句C意完全吻合，故是key.

　　Text 2

　　詞語注釋

　　appealing吸引人的

　　sparkle閃耀

　　nub要點(diǎn)

　　elusive難捉摸的

　　platitudinous平凡的

　　文章概要

　　本文主要是對兩個(gè)學(xué)者關(guān)于公司應(yīng)如何在不給雇員工作保證及晉升的條件下發(fā)揮他們的最大能力的觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了反駁。

　　Para.1：公司應(yīng)如何在不給雇員工作保證及晉升的條件下發(fā)揮他們的最大能力。

　　Para.2：倫敦商學(xué)院的Sumantrra Ghoshal和哈佛商學(xué)院的Christopher Bartlett認(rèn)為關(guān)鍵在于受雇就業(yè)能力。

　　Paras.3-4：作者認(rèn)為Sumantrra Ghoshal和Christopher Bartlett的觀點(diǎn)是錯(cuò)誤的，并且提出論據(jù)。

　　答案點(diǎn)評

　　26�盇從第一段的句子“it is much harder than it used to be to offer good employee job security and an opportunity to climb the corporate ladder.”可以看出，過去一個(gè)好的職員很容易獲得事業(yè)保險(xiǎn)（job security）和晉升的機(jī)會（opportunity to climb the corporate ladder），工作上的競爭并不殘酷，所以B“必須和別人競爭”不對，C“必須總是接受培訓(xùn)”過去沒有，D故意曲解了句子的意思。因此答案應(yīng)該是A.

　　27�盋從第三段“Unfortunately, they promise more than they deliver.”可以看出作者對Ghoshal和Bartlett的觀點(diǎn)是不以為然的，作者認(rèn)為這兩個(gè)人許諾的比實(shí)際提供的要多，所以作者對這兩個(gè)人的看法是他們的觀點(diǎn)不切實(shí)際。

　　28�盌根據(jù)文中提到的，Ghoshal和Bartlett不僅討論了企業(yè)的組織形式，還討論了企業(yè)應(yīng)該提供給員工一個(gè)創(chuàng)新的環(huán)境，以及對企業(yè)員工的培訓(xùn)和管理，最后達(dá)到企業(yè)發(fā)展的目的。因此用企業(yè)管理來概括他們的觀念更合適。

　　29�盇這是一篇書評，從最后一段，“The author offers a few example of companies…but they offer little useful guidance…”可知。

　　30�盋見文中第二段employabity后面的一句解釋，在上下文中特指通過公司培養(yǎng)和引導(dǎo)，而提高雇員的水平。不是獲取職位的能力，或者在學(xué)校中獲取的知識和技能。

　　Text 3

　　詞語注釋

　　diesel n.柴油機(jī)

　　contemplate vt.注視；沉思vi.冥思苦想

　　multinational a.多民族的，多國家的

　　speculator n.思維者；推理者；投機(jī)者；投機(jī)商

　　substantial a.物質(zhì)的；實(shí)質(zhì)的

　　imperil vt.使處于危險(xiǎn)，危害

　　文章概要

　　本文主要講高利率提高了農(nóng)業(yè)成本，給農(nóng)民帶來危害，并進(jìn)而影響了世界經(jīng)濟(jì)，同時(shí)給跨國銀行和公司帶來巨大收益。

　　答案點(diǎn)評

　　31.C作者以農(nóng)業(yè)為例，論證了反對高利率政策的理由。A建議處理資金問題的有效方式。本文作者沒有提出建議。B諷刺當(dāng)前的農(nóng)業(yè)計(jì)劃。作者的語氣是批評，而不是諷刺。D鼓吹對待農(nóng)民采取溫和的態(tài)度，這一點(diǎn)文內(nèi)未提。因此，C最符合題意。

　　32.A作者認(rèn)為高利率政策對農(nóng)業(yè)有直接影響。參考文章第四段。“While high interest rates have increased farm expenses, they've also undermined the export market farmers have traditionally relied on.”

　　33.D否定選擇項(xiàng)A、B、C.由倒數(shù)第二段最后一句：“Developing and third-world nations have been particularly hard hit; struggling just to meet interest payments on their loans from multinational banks, they have had little cash left over to buy our farm products.”可知，越來越少的發(fā)展中國家和第三世界國家購買美國的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品是因?yàn)樨?fù)擔(dān)不起 could not afford，因此，D最符合題意。

　　34.A跨國銀行和公司的投資旨在投機(jī)（speculate）。

　　35.C該題為推理題。本文主要講了高利率給農(nóng)民帶來的危害，而對于高利率，“Most consumers can find some refuge from high interest rates by postponing large purchases like houses or cars. Farmers have no choice.”所以，farmers 注定要成為debtors。

　　Text 4

　　詞語注釋

　　sermon n.[宗]布道，講道，訓(xùn)誡

　　cuff n.掌擊，一巴掌；袖口；護(hù)腕

　　toast n.祝酒；干杯；祝酒詞

　　文章概要

　　本文主要闡述了演講活動的有關(guān)內(nèi)容。

　　Para.1：演講被研究的更多更引人注目；

　　Para.2：在公眾面前演講的目的；

　　Para.3：演講者可提前準(zhǔn)備，有時(shí)則不能；

　　Para.4：演講者有時(shí)雇人擬稿。

　　答案點(diǎn)評

　　36.B第一段和第一句話指出：“演講比起其他形式的交流活動來被研究的更多、更引人注目�！睆南旅鎺讉�(gè)句子來看，人們以這樣或那樣的方式對演講這一活動了解不少：“政治家競選國家官員（public office）、銷售員推介產(chǎn)品、傳教士傳道等，使用的都是這一宣傳方式。即使平時(shí)不做演講的人在某些場合下也不得不做演講，如：即將畢業(yè)的學(xué)生（論文答辯或畢業(yè)典禮）教會、俱樂部或其他組織和機(jī)構(gòu)成員。幾乎每個(gè)人都在這樣或那樣的場合做過演講，而善于演講的人經(jīng)常成為領(lǐng)導(dǎo)�！边@與B的意思吻合，故應(yīng)選B.

　　37.B原文第二段列舉了演講活動通常的目的。A項(xiàng)影響人的觀念和行為。第二段最后一句指出，演講者的目的經(jīng)常是說服人接受新觀念、采取某種行動或改變世界觀（see the world in new ways）。C項(xiàng)說服聽眾接受某種觀念；D項(xiàng)增進(jìn)公益。第二段第二句提到，演講者也許想教一種新思想或告知一件新事項(xiàng)。綜合本段所談的內(nèi)容，演講的目的當(dāng)然不是演講者自身得到快樂，這與B的意思吻合，故本題選B.

　　38.Doff the cuff是一個(gè)美國俚語，意為：即興地；非正式地。D的意思正與此意相符合，故本題選D.

　　39.D因?yàn)樵�文最后一段指出，演講者有時(shí)雇人擬稿。演講者雖然對演講內(nèi)容有所指示，但有時(shí)擬稿的人對演講所表達(dá)的意思有很大影響。故本題選D.

　　40.A原文最后一句話指出：無論誰寫發(fā)言稿，聽眾都會將其影響力歸于演講者。故本題選擇A.

　　Part B

　　答案解析

　　41.E上文說的是工作狂每天只睡三、四個(gè)小時(shí)，接下來很自然要說他們每天工作長達(dá)16小時(shí)。

　　42.A上文提到睡眠和休息是無法替代的，此處應(yīng)進(jìn)一步闡述理由，而睡眠是無法事后彌補(bǔ)的。

　　43.F這一段的中心內(nèi)容是把工作局限在辦公室，而不要讓它侵入到家庭中來，即把工作和生活分開，只有F項(xiàng)是相關(guān)的。

　　44.G這一段講的是制定計(jì)劃，而各選項(xiàng)中，G的意思是這一習(xí)慣會幫助你安排好時(shí)間，提高效率，E是順承上文，總結(jié)全段的。

　　45.B這一段講的是工作和生活的關(guān)系，最大的干擾項(xiàng)是D，但從此段的建議口吻來判斷，B更合適，而且內(nèi)容上更豐富，更有說服力。

　　Part C

　　參考譯文

　　46.漢城永勝電子市場迷宮一樣的街道上有數(shù)以百計(jì)的出售電子產(chǎn)品的小店，它們向任何程序員都提供印有美國商標(biāo)的程序，其售價(jià)僅為標(biāo)價(jià)的很少的一部分，其中包括Lotus l-2-3，售價(jià)為7.5美元。

　　47 .出版商首先采取的手段是通過技術(shù)途徑來控制；即在其程序中編入密碼，以防止用戶仿制。

　　48.但密碼也使合法用戶難以把程序拷貝到硬盤驅(qū)動器上。

　　49.軟件出版商聯(lián)盟開始對一些主要公司進(jìn)行隨機(jī)審查，當(dāng)他們發(fā)現(xiàn)該公司如只買了一張程序盤，而后非法給其雇員翻制了很多的話，他們就會起訴要求賠償損失。

　　50.以華盛頓為基地的商業(yè)軟件聯(lián)盟正對海外采取同樣的措施，給外國政府施加壓力，敦促它們對已有的書籍版權(quán)法加強(qiáng)執(zhí)法力度。

　　SectionⅢ Writing

　　參考作文

　　51.

　　Dear Tom,

　　It was a good surprise to hear that you were beginning to raise a cat. I hear somebody said you didn't like pets. Clearly the words are proved to be wrong now.

　　Since your cat is only two months' old, you'd better buy the food which is special for kitten. And you need to feed it four times a day. Place its food plate and water bowl in a fixed place, and do remember to provide it fresh and clean water. It is cat's nature to be active at night, so don't be surprised that your kitten has slept for a whole afternoon and chasing everywhere when you are asleep at night.

　　And something to remind you. Cat is not so quiet as a dog. Please try not to let your telephone wire or electric wire draw his attention, or he would play with it all the time and make trouble.

　　I don't know whether you are clear. If any questions, don't bother to come to ask me.

　　Yours sincerely,

　　Jane

　　November 12th, 2004

　　52.

　　The 20th century saw many great inventions, such as airplanes, motion pictures, television, telephone, computer, the Internet, to list just a few. Each of these inventions bears witness to the amazing advancements in technology in the past century. These inventions made our lives much easier and much more enjoyable.

　　However, progress in technology is always a double-edged sword. People invented pesticides to kill pests but pesticides can pollute the environment by entering the water supplies and harming birds that eat the dead insects. Cell phone has greatly facilitated communication yet it has been proved that it poses danger to users' health. What's more, cell phones often go off during movies, concerts, classes, meetings, and libraries and create public nuisance. Automobiles have become an indispensable tool to the modern man but they consume great amounts of fuel, and create enormous environmental problems. Also, many people are killed in car accidents every year. Internet links tens of millions of people around the world but people are so addicted to the Internet today that they don't go out and do exercises.

　　In a word, technology can be put to good use only when it's used properly. People often find it hard to balance the convenience brought by modern technology and its potentially harmful effects. I believe the average people should be educated about the potential harm of technology and should always use it with a mind to promoting the teamwork spirit.