1. affiliate, link, attach, append都有"附加"的意思。
affiliate v. 加入,成為……一部分。
an affiliated middle school 一所附屬中學(xué)
link v. 將人或物連接起來(lái)。
The crowd linked arms to form a barrier. 群眾臂挽著臂組成人墻。
attach v. 將某物系在、貼在、附在另一物上。
I attached a note to my report with a paper clip. 我用別針將一張字條別在報(bào)告的后面。
append v. 增加,附加(與attach的意思比較接近)。
The lawyer appended two more pages to the contract. 律師在合同后又附加了兩頁(yè)。
2. affirm, assert, allege, claim, announce, proclaim這一組動(dòng)詞都有"聲稱(chēng)"的意思。
affirm v. 堅(jiān)信不疑地肯定或宣稱(chēng),是deny的反義詞。
He affirmed his love for her.他發(fā)誓愛(ài)她。
assert v. 指不管事實(shí)如何,主觀自信地宣稱(chēng),或者清楚有力地堅(jiān)持某個(gè)情況為事實(shí)。
She asserted that she was innocent .她宣稱(chēng)自己是無(wú)辜的。
allege v. 在無(wú)真憑實(shí)據(jù)的情況下宣稱(chēng)、斷定。
The suspect alleged that he had not been in the neighborhood at the time of the crime. 嫌疑犯聲稱(chēng)案發(fā)時(shí)他不在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。
claim v. 要求,聲稱(chēng),斷言。多指根據(jù)某種規(guī)定提出的要求或主張。
They claim that if more people rode bicycles to go to work there would be fewer automobiles in the downtown section of the city. 他們生成如果有更多的人騎自行車(chē)上班的話,鬧市區(qū)的汽車(chē)就會(huì)有所減少。
announce v. 宣布,宣告。多指首次當(dāng)眾正式宣布某一主張或態(tài)度,常常帶有預(yù)告的意味。
The invention of the printing press announced the diffusion of knowledge. 印刷術(shù)的發(fā)明宣告了知識(shí)普及時(shí)代的來(lái)臨。
proclaim v. 宣布;宣告(成立)。指經(jīng)過(guò)深思熟慮后向大眾宣布一個(gè)明確的決定或判斷,尤其指重大事件的宣布,多用于官方場(chǎng)合。
The president proclaimed an emergency when the war came. 當(dāng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)來(lái)臨的時(shí)候總統(tǒng)宣布進(jìn)入緊急狀態(tài)。
3. aggravate, reinforce, increase, strengthen, intensify這一組動(dòng)詞都有"加強(qiáng)"的意思。
aggravate v. 加重(負(fù)擔(dān)、罪行、病情等),使之惡化。
I hurt my foot, then aggravated it by trying to walk too soon. 我的腳受傷了,而過(guò)早的下地走路又加重了傷情。
reinforce v. 增援,一般用于軍隊(duì)或警察的行動(dòng);(添材料等)加固。
A police officer saw three thieves robbing a bank and radioed to reinforce him. 一位警察看到三個(gè)盜賊搶劫銀行,用無(wú)線電話要求增援。
increase v. 指數(shù)量上的增加。
The number of people has been increased. 人數(shù)增加了。
strengthen v. 加強(qiáng),鞏固,增強(qiáng),相當(dāng)于to become stronger。
Exercising every day strengthens the heart. 每天鍛煉可以提高心臟的功能。
Competition, they believe, strengthens the national character rather than corrupt it. 人們認(rèn)為競(jìng)爭(zhēng)加強(qiáng)了民族性而不是破壞了它。
intensify v. 使變得更強(qiáng)烈、劇烈,加劇,相當(dāng)于to become more intense or intensive。
intensify colors 加深色彩 intensify hatred 加深仇恨
4. alert, cautious, considerate都表示"小心的,謹(jǐn)慎的"。
alert a. 警惕的,留神的。
The hostess remained standing, alert to every guests' drinking need. 女主人一直站在旁邊,時(shí)刻準(zhǔn)備給大家斟酒。
cautious a. 細(xì)心的,謹(jǐn)慎的。
He has a cautious attitude about spending money. 在花錢(qián)的問(wèn)題上他態(tài)度謹(jǐn)慎。
considerate a. 關(guān)心他人的,體貼的。
He is always considerate of others; he is kind and sympathetic. 他總是很體諒他人,并且慈祥而富有同情心。
5. alive, live, living, lively 這一組形容詞都跟"活"有關(guān)。
alive a. 活著的,有活力的,常作表語(yǔ),作定語(yǔ)時(shí)必須后置。
After the accident, he was barely alive. 交通事故后,他奄奄一息。
all man alive 所有活著的人
live a. 活的,有活力的,現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播的
We watched the live broadcast of the opera on TV. 我們通過(guò)電視觀看了這部歌劇的實(shí)況。
living a. 活著的,作定語(yǔ)可前可后,可修飾人也可修飾物。
Who is the world's greatest living artist? 誰(shuí)是現(xiàn)在還健在的世界上比較偉大的藝術(shù)家?
living room起居室
lively a. 活潑的,栩栩如生的。
She is a lively young girl, always laughing and doing things. 她是個(gè)活潑可愛(ài)的小姑娘,總是歡聲笑語(yǔ)忙個(gè)不停。
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