1. "The term ‘anti-science' can lump together too many, quite different things," notes Harvard University philosopher Gerald Holton in his 1993 work Science and Anti-Science," They have in common only one thing that they tend to annoy or threaten those who regard themselves as more enlightened."
【譯文】"‘反科學(xué)’這個(gè)詞可以涵蓋很多截然不同的東西,"哈佛大學(xué)的哲學(xué)家杰拉爾德霍爾頓在其1993年的著作《科學(xué)和反科學(xué)》中寫道:"它們惟一的共同點(diǎn)就是會(huì)激怒或威脅那些自以為比別人更有見識(shí)的人。"
【析句】句子分為三個(gè)部分,只有比較后一部分較復(fù)雜。在比較后一個(gè)分句中,注意賓語(yǔ)是one thing,其后面跟了一個(gè)同位語(yǔ)從句,以說(shuō)明one thing in common(一個(gè)共同之處)。而在同位語(yǔ)從句中,賓語(yǔ)跟了一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句(who regard themselves as more enlightened)。
【講詞】lump together意為include(包括在一起)。enlightened意為"開明的;有知識(shí)的;進(jìn)步的"。enlightened age(文明時(shí)代)。An enlightened government should permit the free expression of political opinion.(一個(gè)開明的政府應(yīng)當(dāng)允許自由發(fā)表政見。)
2. What is harder to establish is whether the productivity revolution that businessmen assume they are presiding over is for real.
【譯文】商人們自認(rèn)為他們領(lǐng)導(dǎo)了這場(chǎng)生產(chǎn)力革命,究竟是否確有其事則更加難以確定。
【析句】句子的主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)都是獨(dú)立的從句,主語(yǔ)是what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句,表語(yǔ)是whether引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句。在表語(yǔ)從句中,主干是the productivity revolution is for real,后面跟了一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句,而在這個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句中,賓語(yǔ)也是一個(gè)從句(that businessmen assume they are presiding over)。
【講詞】preside意為"主持"。The special workshop was presided over by a famous scientist.(那次專題研討會(huì)是由一位著名的科學(xué)家主持的。)The manager presides over the business of this store.(經(jīng)理管理這家店的業(yè)務(wù)。)注意preside常與over連用。revolution本意是"旋轉(zhuǎn)",通常表示"革命",引義表示"革命性的或重大的變化"。Air travel has caused a revolution in our way of living.(空中旅行使我們的生活方式完全變了。)The new engine has a 4.3L capacity and a power output of 153 kilowatts at 4,400 revolutions per minute. (這臺(tái)新發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的排量為4.3升,轉(zhuǎn)速為每分鐘4400轉(zhuǎn),輸出功率是153千瓦。)
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