1. During the discussion of rock singing verses at last month's  stockholders' meeting, Levin asserted that “music is not the cause of society's ills” and even cited his son, a teacher in the Bronx, New York, who uses rap to communicate with students.

【譯文】 在上個月的股東會議上，大家就搖滾樂的歌詞進行了討論。萊文宣稱“音樂不是社會問題的病因”，他甚至還以自己的兒子為例。他的兒子是紐約州布朗克斯的一名教師，用說唱樂的表達方式與學生進行交流。

【析句】句子的主干是Levin asserted that… and even cited…。During the   discussion of rock singing verses at last month's stockholders' meeting是表示時間的狀語從句。music is not the cause of society's ills是直接引語，是動詞asserted的賓語。his son是動詞cited的賓語，后面的a teacher in the Bronx, New York是his son的同位語,who uses rap to communicate with students是修飾his son的定語從句。

【講詞】cite意為“引用；引證；提名表揚”。It's no use citing the Bible to a non-Christian.（對非基督徒引用《圣經》是沒用的。）cite的名詞形式是citation。He was awarded with a cifation for brawery.（他因勇敢而得到一次嘉獎。）

2. The phrase “substance abuse” is often used instead of “drug abuse” to make clear that substances such as alcohol and tobacco can be just as      harmfully misused as heroin and cocaine.

【譯文】 他們常用“物質濫用”而不用“藥物濫用”來清楚表明濫用酒精、煙草這樣的物質如同濫用海洛因和可卡因一樣有害。

【析句】 句子的主干是The phrase “substance abuse” is often used，不定式 （to make clear that…）作目的狀語。that后面跟了一個賓語從句作動詞（make clear）的賓語。

【講詞】 make clear意為“解釋，說明”。I’ve made it clear that it simply is not true.（我已經清楚表明，這絕對不是真的。）The president made it clear what we would and would not do to resolve the situation.（總統(tǒng)表明為了解決問題，我們會做什么，不會做什么。）