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歷年考研英語疑難長句解析(三)

來源: 時(shí)間:2009-05-13 16:15:57
 10.Their methods do not attempt to estimate the actual biomass (the amount of living biological matter) of fish species in particular parts of the ocean, but rather changes in that biomass over time.

  「譯文」他們的方法并不是要評估特定海域魚種的實(shí)際生物量,而是評估在這一段時(shí)間內(nèi)生物量的變化。

  「解析」這是一個(gè)簡單句,但是賓語是兩個(gè),一是the actual biomass(the amount of living biological matter) of fish species in particular parts of the ocean,一是changes in that biomass over time.

  rather意為“寧愿;有點(diǎn),相當(dāng)”。I'd rather stay at home.(我寧愿呆在家里。)He's rather lazy.(他有些懶。)有時(shí)rather在句中表示轉(zhuǎn)折,或者對前文進(jìn)行糾正(經(jīng)常與or連用)。There are five, rather six, persons killed in the traffic accident.(在這場車禍中,共有5人,應(yīng)該是6人死亡。)

  11.According to their latest paper published in Nature,the biomass of large predators (animals that kill and eat other animals) in a new fishery is reduced on average by 80% within 15 years of the start of exploitation. In some long fished areas, it has halved again since then.

  「譯文」根據(jù)他們在《自然》上發(fā)表的比較新論文,在新漁場開始捕魚的15年之內(nèi),大型捕食動物的生物量平均減少80%.在一些長期捕魚的海域,生物量在此之后又減少了一半。

  「解析」句子的結(jié)構(gòu)比較簡單,但要注意數(shù)字的表述,而這正是考試的內(nèi)容。在新漁場開始捕魚的15年之內(nèi),大型捕食動物的生物量平均減少80%,而在此之后又減少了一半,即剩下的20%又減少了一半,因而應(yīng)該只剩下10%了。

  halve意為“平分,分享,減半”。The company's profits halved after the demand in the market became low.(市場的需求減少之后,公司的贏利減少了一半。)

  12.That means a higher proportion of what is in the sea is being caught, so the real difference between present and past is likely to be worse than the one recorded by changes in catch sizes.

  「譯文」這意味著更高比例的海洋生物正在被捕殺,因此介于現(xiàn)在和過去這一段時(shí)間,海洋生物量的真正差別可能比捕獲量所記錄的變化更要糟糕。

  「解析」這是一個(gè)因果復(fù)合句,前半句是原因,后半句表示結(jié)果。而在表示原因的從句中,賓語較為復(fù)雜,of后面跟了一個(gè)主句從句,其主句又是一個(gè)主語從句。what is in the sea是一種婉轉(zhuǎn)的說法,即海洋中的生物,或文中所說的生物量(biomass)。另外,注意recorded by changes in catch sizes是一個(gè)過去分詞結(jié)構(gòu),修飾the one(即the actual biomass)。

  catch作名詞時(shí)可以表示“捕獲;捕魚量”(what is caught),catch sizes也是“捕獲量”或“捕魚量”的意思。

  13.Some individuals would therefore not have been caught,since no baited hooks would have been available to trap them,leading to an underestimate of fish stocks in the past.

  「譯文」有些魚因此并沒有被捕獲,因?yàn)闆]有更多的帶餌魚鉤來捕獲它們,這就導(dǎo)致低估過去的魚量。

  「解析」這是一個(gè)因果復(fù)合句,主句是Some individuals would therefore not have been caught.leading to an underestimate of fish stocks in the past是作從句的狀語。

  available意為“有用的,有空的”。These train tickets are available on the day of issue only.(火車票僅在發(fā)售當(dāng)天才能買到。)有些人結(jié)了婚但與異性交往,英文就是married but available,有人簡稱之MBA.另有些單身但是已經(jīng)名花(或草)有主,英文就是single but not available.

結(jié)束

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