1.Whorf came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism which, in its strongest form, states that language imprisons the mind, and that the grammatical patterns in a language can produce far reaching consequences for the culture of a society.

　　「譯文」沃爾夫進(jìn)而相信某種類似語(yǔ)言決定論的觀點(diǎn)，其極端說法是：語(yǔ)言禁錮思維，語(yǔ)言的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)能對(duì)一個(gè)社會(huì)的文化產(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)的影響。

　　「解析」句子的主干為Whorf came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism.which引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾linguistic determinism.在由which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞states跟了兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，一是that language imprisons the mind，一是and that the grammatical patterns…society.注意：句中imprison the mind不能譯成“把大腦（或思想）關(guān)進(jìn)牢房”，只能譯成“禁錮思想（或思維）”。

　　a sort of與a kind of的意思一樣，如用在形容詞前一般譯為“有一點(diǎn)”或“有幾分”，如用在名詞前可譯為“某種”。a kind of magic（某種魔術(shù)或魔力）。

　　far reaching意為“深遠(yuǎn)的”，far reaching consequences算是一個(gè)常用的搭配，但是注意consequence往往表示“后果”，即不一定是好的結(jié)果�！吧钸h(yuǎn)的影響”或“深遠(yuǎn)的意義”，常用far reaching significance來表示。

　　2.The American spymaster who built the Office of Strategic Services in the World War II and later laid the roots for the CIA was fascinated with information.

　　「譯文」這位美國(guó)間諜頭目對(duì)情報(bào)很是著迷，他曾在二戰(zhàn)期間創(chuàng)立了戰(zhàn)略情報(bào)局（或譯：戰(zhàn)略服務(wù)處），后來又為中央情報(bào)局打下了基礎(chǔ)。

　　「解析」本句的主干結(jié)構(gòu)是The American spymaster… was fascinated with information.spymaster的后邊是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，其中包含兩個(gè)由and連接的并列結(jié)構(gòu)。

　　lay the roots for sth表示“為……打下基礎(chǔ)”，類似lay a（the） foundation for sth.例如：What you have learned at school will lay the roots for your future.（你在學(xué)校所學(xué)的知識(shí)將對(duì)你的未來打下基礎(chǔ)。）

　　fascinate（著迷）的常用搭配是be fascinated with sb/sth，例如：He was fascinated with her smiles.（他為她的微笑而著迷。）當(dāng)然，也可以說：Her smiles fascinate him.fascinate的形容詞是fascinating，名詞是fascination.

　　3.These days the Net, which has already remade such everyday pastimes as buying books and sending mail, is reshaping Donovans vocation as well.

　　「譯文」互聯(lián)網(wǎng)已經(jīng)改變了購(gòu)書和寄信這樣的日常活動(dòng)，如今也正在改變多諾萬(wàn)所從事的職業(yè)。

　　「解析」句子的主干是the Net…is reshaping Donovans vocation，由which引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語(yǔ)從句（which has already remade such everyday pastimes as buying books and sending mail）用來補(bǔ)充說明the Net.

　　pastime意為“消遣，娛樂”，例如：Baseball has a huge following in the United States and is referred to as the national pastime.（棒球在美國(guó)深受歡迎，并且被稱作是全民喜愛的運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目。）

　　shape作名詞有“形狀，狀態(tài)”的意思，作動(dòng)詞時(shí)可以表示“塑造，成型”等。His business is in bad shape.（他的生意一團(tuán)糟。）Together with our own efforts，we can help shape the future of our country.（通過我們共同的努力，我們可以幫助塑造國(guó)家的未來。）

　　4.And there are the townsfolk who largely live off the tourists who come, not to see the plays, but to look at Anne Hathaways Cottage, Shakespeares birthplace and the other sights.

　　「譯文」另一邊是靠游客謀生的市民，游客來到小鎮(zhèn)不是為了看戲，而是想看看安妮·海瑟薇的房舍、莎士比亞的出生地和其他的風(fēng)景點(diǎn)。

　　「解析」定語(yǔ)從句（who largely live off the tourists）修飾the townsfolk，而該定語(yǔ)從句的賓語(yǔ)the tourists的后面又跟了另一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。注意，不能把not to see the plays的主語(yǔ)看作是the townsfolk.

　　largely意為“在很大程度上，主要地”。He owed his success largely to the support of his wife.（他的成功在很大程度上應(yīng)歸于妻子的支持。）

　　live off有兩個(gè)意思，分別是“住在……外”或“靠……生活”。The family used to live off the small pocket of land they owned.（這家人過去靠著自家的一小塊土地過日子。）Some college students have chosen to live off the campus.（有些學(xué)生選擇住在校外。）

　　5.It is all deliciously ironic when you consider that Shakespeare, who earns their living, was himself an actor (with a beard) and did his share of noisemaking.

　　「譯文」他們是靠莎士比亞過日子，而莎士比亞自己就是一位演員（留著胡子），當(dāng)初也是吵吵嚷嚷的，想到這些不無諷刺的意味。

　　「解析」這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句，主句是Its all deliciously ironic.另外，非限制性定語(yǔ)從句who earns their living修飾Shakespeare，其字面意思是：莎士比亞掙錢養(yǎng)活他們，即他們靠莎士比亞過日子。

　　ironic意為“諷刺的，說反話的；有諷刺意味的”。Ironically, even the government was aware of the situation.（具有諷刺意味的是，甚至連政府都清楚這一情況。）

　　share作名詞時(shí)表示“分享；份額；一份；股份”，句中did his share of noisemaking字面意思是他也制造他那一份噪音，即莎士比亞當(dāng)初也是吵吵嚷嚷的，像現(xiàn)在的演員一樣。