高二英語報：京劇版《悲慘世界》重獲關注
京劇版《悲慘世界》重獲關注，中西藝術形式是否有融合之道?
The Peking Opera version of Les Miserables regain people’s attention----is there any possible that Chinese and Western art forms can merge?
It’s Better than It Sounds
比唱的好聽
In 1891, Mark Twain, the American humorist, went to Bayreuth (拜羅伊特), Germany, to see several of Richard Wagner’s operas. Wagner is considered a musical genius and his operas are revered (尊奉) as the epitome (典范) of high culture (高雅文化). Twain, however, was not a man of high culture and after enduring six hours of strange acting and unnaturally loud singing, he was only willing to confess, in his ironic way, that: “Wagner’s music is better than it sounds.”
1891年，美國幽默作家馬克吐溫去德國拜羅伊特看了理查德•瓦格納的幾部歌劇。瓦格納被認為是音樂天才，他的歌劇被尊奉為高雅文化的典范。盡管馬克吐溫不是一個高雅的人，但是在他忍受了近六個小時的陌生的表演和不自然的大聲的歌唱，他只能以他具有諷刺意味的方式承認，“瓦格納的音樂比唱的好聽。”
Most people tend to agree with Twain. Opera, in its Western and Chinese forms, is not to everyone’s taste: it’s stylized (風格化的) art, not natural art and it requires a degree ofsophistication on the part of the audience to appreciate it. To broaden the appeal of music and drama, Americans eventually developed the Broadway musical and now millions of people enjoy things like Phantom of the Opera (《劇院魅影》), Cats and Les Miserables (《悲慘世界》). In some cases, Chinese opera has followed suit.
大部分人傾向于同意吐溫的看法。歌劇在中西方的形式中，都不是對每個人的胃口的，這是一種風格化的藝術，不是自然藝術。它需要聽眾有一定程度的文化素養(yǎng)去欣賞它。為了拓寬音樂和戲劇的吸引力，美國人最終開發(fā)了百老匯音樂劇，現(xiàn)在有上百萬的人喜歡想《劇院魅影》、《貓》、《悲慘世界》這樣的戲劇。在某些情況下，中國戲曲也紛紛效仿。
Les Miserables, which was made into a movie and has just won two Academy Awards, was adapted for Chinese opera in 2006 by the National Academy of Chinese Theater (中國戲曲學院). The production used some traditional elements of Chinese opera such as the musical instruments and stylized gestures, but it added Western costumes and natural acting styles. Du Changsheng, the academy’s president said they tried to find, “a proper way of merging the pure Peking Opera styles with the pure Western story, and keep harmony between them.”
《悲慘世界》被拍成電影，已經(jīng)獲得了2次奧斯卡金像獎。2006年由中國戲曲學院改編為中國的歌劇。歌劇制作中運用了一些中國戲曲的傳統(tǒng)元素，例如樂器、風格化的手勢，但是也加入了一些西方服裝和自然的表演風格。學院院長杜長勝表示，他們試圖找到“一種合適的方法使純京劇風與純西方小說融合，并且保持兩者的融洽。”
The production was a hit, but it was considered an experiment and not an attempt to permanently change Chinese opera. Chinese opera is and will remain an important part of Chinese culture just as traditional opera is still an important part of culture in the West.
制作該劇是中西文化的沖撞，但是它也被認為是一次實驗而非是一次永久改變中國戲曲的嘗試。中國戲曲現(xiàn)在將來都會保留重要的中國文化，就像傳統(tǒng)的歌劇仍是西方文化的重要的組成部分一樣。
Today, audiences in China and the West have short attention spans (時間跨度) and prefer to be entertained without having to think too much. It takes time to develop an appreciation for traditional culture, but the effort is worth it. It can be a transcendent (卓越的) as well as entertaining experience. Too bad Mark Twain missed it.
現(xiàn)在，中國和西方的觀眾注意力時間很短，且喜歡不用太過思考的娛樂。培養(yǎng)對傳統(tǒng)文化的鑒賞是需要時間的，但也是值得的。他是與娛樂經(jīng)驗一樣的卓越，很遺憾馬克吐溫錯過了。
(責任編輯：楊旭杰)
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