英語語法重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)(形容詞)
2004-01-13 20:08:10 來源:中國招生考試論壇
系動(dòng)詞be,grow,get,become,feel,appear,prove,seem,look,keep,smell,taste,sound,turn,remain限定詞+數(shù)量形容詞(序數(shù)詞在前,基數(shù)詞在后)+性狀形容詞+大小、長短、高低等形體+新舊+顏色+國藉+材料
Those three beautiful large square old brown wood table
某些以a-開首的形容詞例如:afraid,alike,alone,asleep,awake, alive 等只能作表語,不能作定語。
某些以-ly結(jié)尾的詞是形容詞而不是副詞:friendly,lively, lovely,lonely,likely,deadly,silly,orderly, timely等。
1)close接近地 closely仔細(xì)地,密切地
2)free 免費(fèi)地 freely自由地,無拘束地
3)hard努力地 hardly幾乎不
4)late 晚,遲 lately 近來
5)most 極,非常 mostly主要地
6)wide廣闊地,充分地 widely廣泛地
7)high高 highly高度地,非常地
8)deep深,遲 deeply抽象意義的“深”
9)loud大聲地 loudly大聲地(含有喧鬧的意思)
10)near鄰近 nearly幾乎
bad/ill,badly worse worst little less least
表示一方不及另一方時(shí),用“l(fā)ess+原級(jí)+than”的結(jié)構(gòu)表示:This room is less beautiful than that one.
表示一方超過另一方的程度或數(shù)量時(shí),可在比較級(jí)前加表示程度的狀語,如:even,a lot,a bit,a little,still,much,far, yet, by far等修飾:He works even harder than before.
注意:by far 通常用于強(qiáng)調(diào)最高級(jí)。用于比較級(jí)時(shí),一般放在比較級(jí)的后面, 如放在前面,應(yīng)在二者中間加“the”。
He is taller by far than his brother.
He is by far the taller of the two brothers.
某些以-or結(jié)尾的形容詞進(jìn)行比較時(shí),用to代替than。superior,junior,senior等。
He is superior to Mr Wang in mathematics.
在比較從句中為了避免重復(fù)通常用that(those),one(ones)代替前面出現(xiàn)的名詞。that指物,one既可指人,也可指物。that可代替可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞,而one只能代替可數(shù)名詞。例如:
The book on the table is more interesting than that on the desk.
A box made of iron is stronger than one made of wood.
表示倍數(shù)的比較級(jí)有如下幾種句型:
A is three (four,etc.) times the size (height, length, width,etc) of B.
The new building is four times the size (the height) of the old one.
這座新樓是那座舊樓的四倍大(四倍高)。[高三倍]
A is three (four, etc.) times as big (high, long, wide, etc.) as B.
Asia is four times as large as Europe.亞洲是歐洲的四倍大。
A is three (four,etc.) times bigger (higher, longer, wider) than B.
例如:Your school is three times bigger than ours.
你們的學(xué)校比我們的學(xué)校大三倍。
表示兩倍可以用 twice 或 double。
表示“最高程度”的形容詞,如excellent,extreme,perfect等,沒有最高級(jí),也不能用比較級(jí)。
如果復(fù)數(shù)名詞前有many、few,不可數(shù)名詞前有much、little等表示量的形容詞時(shí),該用so而不用such。如:
I've had so many falls that I'm black and blue all over.
Mr White got so little money a month that he could hardly keep body and soul together.
但little不表示數(shù)量而表示“小”的意思時(shí),仍用such。如:
They are such little children that the they cannot clean the house by themselves.
6)almost與nearly
在very, pretty, not后用nearly, 不用almost。例如:
I'm not nearly ready.
在any, no, none, never前用almost, 不用nearly。例如:
I almost never see her.