2011成考高起點英語語法歸納與練習17
來源：育路成人高考發(fā)布時間：2011-10-09
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幫助希望進入名校的在職人員實現(xiàn)他們的本、�？拼髮W夢想
六、 在復合結(jié)構(gòu)中的不定式
不定式的復合結(jié)構(gòu)是指有些動詞帶賓語后再帶上不定式，作賓語的補足語。前邊已提到過，在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中賓語是不定式的邏輯主語。
1. 有很多這樣的動詞可以跟賓語及其（或）補足語不定式，如：advise， allow， ask， enable， beg， cause， drive， encourage， expect， forbid， force， hate， get ， intend， invite， like， permit， persuade， pretend， remind， say， teach， tell， trust， urge， want， warn等表示“致使”等意義
26） The company manager may enable the men who tend the machines a large panorama（全景） of possibilites.
[A] to see[B] see[C] seeing[D] seen
27） Did you intend us the new method？
[A] to use [B] using [C] our having used [D] the using of
28） The teacher encouraged good compositions.
[A] us write[B] us writing[C] us to write[D] our wrting
2. 在某些成語動詞如 arrange for， call on， care for， count on， count upon， depend upon， long for， prepare for， prevail upon， rely on， vote for， wait for等后面，也可以跟賓語加不定式的復合結(jié)構(gòu)
We are waiting for the bus to come./ They voted for Wang Gang to be the monitor. / Don't count on me to do that.
3. 另外，表示感覺的動詞 see， hear， feel， watch， notice， observe和have， let， make后的賓語可接不帶to的不定式（help后不定式可帶to也可不帶to）
29） I often heard him that his family was well descended.
[A] said[B] say[C] to say[D] to be said
30） We must have a person them build the house.
[A] see[B] to see[C] will see[D] shall see
31） You would become irritated [A] if you watched [B] the correspondence to pile up [C] on your desk day by day [D] .
4. 表示心理狀態(tài)的動詞像consider， declare， find， prove， think， know ， believe， discover， feel（=think）， imagine， judge， pretend， suppose， understand等詞的賓語補足語不定式一般是to be（或動詞的完成時態(tài)）
32） “You've been taking a lot of nice photographs.”“Thanks. I'm considering a professional photographer.”
[A] becoming[B] about become[C] to become[D] over becoming
而且，在consider， declare， find， prove， think等動詞后的to be 是可以省去的。如： She considered me a scholar. / They found him gulty.
七、不定式的完成式、進行式和完成進行式：這三類在考研題中出現(xiàn)的頻率很高，要特別注意不定式的這三種形式
1. 如果不定式所表示的動作與主要謂語所表示的動作（狀態(tài)）同時（或幾乎同時）發(fā)生或發(fā)生在主要謂語之后，那么用不定式的一般形式
He received a warm welcome from the Australians and from his family who had flown there to meet him.
In 1967， he arrived back in England， where a quarter of a million people were waiting to welcome him.
After all， eighty was a special birthday， another decade lived or endured just as you chose to look at it.
Now suddenly she began to sob， holding herself in as if weeping were a disgrace.
2. 如果不定式所表示的動作（狀態(tài)）發(fā)生在主要謂語動詞或特定的某時間之前，那么不定式就要用其完成式
She feels relaxed to have finished writing her thesis before the deadline.
33） The Vikings are believed America.
[A] to have discovered[B] in discovering[C] to discover[D] to have been discovered
34） The students were to at the auditorium before 1：30 pm， but the lecture was cancelled at the last minute.
[A] assembled [B] have assembled [C] assembling [D] be assembled
35） He was to the new ambassador， but he fell ill.
[A] having telephoned[B] have telephoned[C] has telephoned[D] telephoning
3. 不定式進行式表示主要謂語動詞所表示的動作（情況）發(fā)生時，不定式所表示的動作正在發(fā)生
When he came in， I happened to be doing my experiment in the lab.
Why do you stand here？ You are supposed to be working in the workshop.
4. 不定式完成進行式表示其動詞所代表的動作，在主要謂語動詞所代表的動作之前一直在進行
The students from the Department of Sociology are said to have been investigating the possibility of producing the new product.
They are quite happy to have been cooperating harmoniously with us till now.
八、不定式的被動形式
當不定式的邏輯主語是動作的承受者時，這個不定式要用被動式，包括它的一般式和完成式
36） Here we found little snow， as most of it seemed blown off the mountain.
[A]to have been[B]to be[C]that it was[D]that it had been
37） For twelve years， Spanish censorship did not allow Lorca's name or his works .
[A] to mention； to be published[B] to be mentioned； to publish
[C] being mentioned； being published[D] to be mentioned； to be published
38） There is，it seems [A] ， no [B] limit to the satisfaction to be finding [C] in the pursuit of knowledge [D] .
九、不定式的否定形式：否定形式是在不定式的標志to前邊加not
39） that new information to anyone else but the sergeant.
[A] They asked him not to give[B] They asked him to don't give
[C] They asked him no give[D] They asked him to no give
40） Please remember lights on in the future.
[A] don't leave [B] not to leave [C] not leaving [D] don't to leave
41） The teacher told [A] the students to don't [B] discuss [C] the takehome exam with each other [D] .
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