1. 在文章的瀏覽(即略讀，skimming)過(guò)程中，對(duì)文中信息重要性的判斷可以幫助讀者快速有效地了解段落的大意。

　　2. 在瀏覽過(guò)程中，讀者可以通過(guò)尋找“信號(hào)詞”(Key Words)來(lái)區(qū)分重要信息和非重要信息。

　　1.以下詞組提示下文所涉及的重要信息：

　　The main / important point / conclusion / reason….

　　The point to note here…

　　eg. Resilience has not historically been the country’s economic strong point. As recently as 2001, GDP fell by over 7%. It fell by more than 5% in 1994, and by just under 5% in 1999. Indeed, throughout the 1990s growth oscillated like an electrocardiogram recording a violent heart attack. This irregularity has been one of the main reasons (along with red tape and corruption) why the country has failed dismally to attract much-needed foreign direct investment. Its stock of such investment (as a percentage of GDP) is lower now than it was in the 1980s, and annual inflows have scarcely ever reached $1 billion (whereas Ireland attracted over $25 billion in 2003, as did Brazil in every year from 1998 to 2000).

　　2.以下詞組提示了下文的結(jié)構(gòu)框架：

　　There are three major reasons…

　　eg. There were three major reasons for me to come to Florence: learning the Italian language, Machiavelli, and Italian wine. My grasp of the language is now good enough to use in everyday life more or less without problems. Machiavelli has so far eluded me in the sense that I expected there to be at least one or two classes on Machiavelli that I could take, and unfortunately this spring there is only one class on Renaissance philosophy, and it’s not Machiavelli. Finally, I have learned a bit about Italian wine.

　　3.but 和 however表示對(duì)比，常常用來(lái)提示重要信息，例如：

　　eg1.

　　The rising birth rate is not due to increased fertility, but to a sharp decline in the death rate.

　　eg2.

　　I am graduated in US University, like every US students, I want to join Harvard MBA ! However, I would say UNCC MBA is the most realistic choice in HK.

　　4.在文中提問(wèn)可以突出問(wèn)題后的答案，提示讀者答案中有重要信息，例如：

　　eg1.

　　Why is a piped water supply so important? Disease due to contaminated water is a common cause of death in childhood.

　　eg2.

　　Why most business owners never make any money and reach the level of success that they could? I believe there are 3 major reasons

　　5.有時(shí)，為了保證讀者完全理解自己的觀點(diǎn)，作者會(huì)在文中反復(fù)提出自己的觀點(diǎn)，例如：

　　Death control can be achieved autonomously. In other words, the death rate can be cut without anything else changing.

　　6. 表示原因的詞要牢記(常考點(diǎn))：

　　owing to, due to, because, because of, in that, but for, without, thanks to, for

　　表示目的的詞要掌握：

　　in order to, so as to, in order that, so that, to, for,

　　表示結(jié)果的詞要熟知：

　　as a result, resultantly, consequently, at last, in the end, end up in

　　7.文章的結(jié)論通常是非常重要的，也是出題人喜歡設(shè)置埋伏的理想位置，因此，要在文中尋找提示結(jié)論的“信號(hào)詞”，例如：

　　Therefore/the result/in conclusion/we can conclude

　　one of the primary conclusions is that…/in a word

　　eg. The literature review presented by Elizabeth Condie, PT, FCSP, provided a critical appraisal of the general information, practicality, reliability, validity, scaling, and bias of 28 key articles published in the last 10 years. One conclusion to be drawn from the literature is that there is currently no gold standard or consensus opinion on the most appropriate measure in LLP.

　　8.舉例是為了幫助讀者理解某一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，因此，文中的例子不是瀏覽文章時(shí)的重要信息。在閱讀過(guò)程中，以下詞組提示讀者下文是舉例部分信息。

　　For example/instance/like

　　Such as/these include

　　To illustrate/among/ these are

　　有時(shí)，作者也會(huì)用破折號(hào)或括號(hào)來(lái)提示舉例信息，例如：

　　eg1 The developing countries are dependent on cash crops – sugar, coffee, cacao, cotton.

　　eg2. Precipitating/violent/unexpected factors are those which reduce the food supply (droughts, floods, wars, epidemics)…

　　更重要的是，如果某一觀點(diǎn)里面生詞過(guò)多從而看不懂，則可以從其所列舉的例子來(lái)理解該觀點(diǎn)：

　　eg3. A qualified accountant (ACA, ACMA, CPA, ACCA) ideally with post graduate business education (an MBA for example... ) Platform to deliver financial

　　在段落瀏覽時(shí)，讀者在看到信號(hào)詞后，應(yīng)不斷對(duì)下文信息作出相應(yīng)的判斷，例如：

　　The main reason for (TIPS：下文信息重要) the reduction in the death rate in the developing world has been improved public health measures. For example, (TIPS ：下文信息不重要，僅僅是為了用來(lái)證明前面的觀點(diǎn)) in Sri Lanka the death rate was halved over ten years by spraying the mosquitoes which carry malaria. 　　Why (TIPS ：?jiǎn)栴}的答案中有讀者應(yīng)該關(guān)注的重點(diǎn)) is it so easy to cut the death rate in this way and yet so hard to reduce the birth rate? One answer (TIPS ：這只是眾多答案中的一種，并不是最重要的。) is that public health measures can be very cheap. Anti-malarial spraying is inexpensive. But this is not the important point (TIPS ：but后面的是非常重要的信息). For birth control programmes to be successful, a change in attitude is required, whereas death control can be achieved autonomously. In other words, (TIPS ：這里是作者想要強(qiáng)調(diào)的重要信息) the death rate can be cut without anything else changing.

　　標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)的作用：

　　1.“。”句號(hào)，分隔句子。以“。”為單位，把段分隔成塊，而后逐個(gè)擊破。

　　2.“，”逗號(hào)，兩個(gè)逗號(hào)之間是補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明成份時(shí)，在閱讀過(guò)程中可以跳過(guò)去不讀。英文中的逗號(hào)是無(wú)力連接兩個(gè)句子的，

　　3.“：”冒號(hào)，后面進(jìn)一步補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明前面的內(nèi)容，冒號(hào)的前后有一個(gè)從抽象到具體的過(guò)程。

　　4.“;”分號(hào)，并列結(jié)構(gòu)，語(yǔ)義上的并列，結(jié)構(gòu)上的并列。

　　5.“——”破折號(hào)，兩個(gè)“——”之間是補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明成份，可以先不去讀。

　　6.““””引號(hào)，引用某人的觀點(diǎn)，反諷，諷刺。引用的目的：不論是正面還是反面引述都是為了說(shuō)明核心概念、中心思想。否則就沒(méi)有意義。

　　7.“()”補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，解釋生詞。

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