一致指句子成分之間或詞語之間在性、數(shù)等方面應保持一致。

　　主謂一致指謂語動詞與主語必須在人稱、性、數(shù)上保持一致。

　　在具體處理一致關(guān)系時可遵循以下三原則:語法一致、意義一致、就近一致。

　　一、集體名詞作主語時, 主語與謂語動詞的一致

　　如集體名詞在句中意指整體概念, 謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式;

　　如在句中意指其具體成員, 謂語動詞復數(shù)形式。

　　這類集體名詞包括:army, audience, class, committee, crowd, crew, couple, family, group, staff,

　　team, public, cabinet, band等。

　　The population of the earth is increasing very fast.

　　One third of the population here are farmers.

　　The public has every reason to be cautious of professional deception.

　　The public now know the whole story.

　　The teaching staff of this college is/are excellent.這所大學的教師都是出類拔萃的

　　二、學科名稱和疾病名稱作主語時, 主語與謂語動詞的一致

　　某些學科名稱和疾病名稱雖是復數(shù)形式, 但這些詞作主語時,謂語動詞仍用單數(shù)形式。

　　這些詞包括: electronics(電子學), mechanics(力學),classics(古典文學), linguistics(語言學),

　　economics(經(jīng)濟學),statistics(統(tǒng)計學), physics(物理學), mathematics(數(shù)學)等。

　　Electronics is a piece of cake to him.

　　Qiantum mechanics(量子力學) supplies methods for calculating the results of experiments in all

　　those realms.

　　三、表示書名、報名、劇名、國名等的名詞或詞組作主語時,主語與謂語動詞的一致

　　表示書名、報名、劇名、國名等的名詞(或詞組)作主語時,如只指一種、一本或一個, 不論它

　　形式上是單數(shù)還是復數(shù),謂語動詞只用單數(shù)形式。

　　The adventrues of Huckleberry Finn was written by the famous American umorist Mark Twain.

　　The New York Times is not available here.

　　The United States was founded in 1776.

　　四、單復數(shù)同形的名詞作主語時, 主語與謂語動詞的一致

　　單復數(shù)同形的名詞作主語時, 要根據(jù)句子意思來確定謂語動詞的單復數(shù)形式,單復數(shù)同形的名詞包括: aircraft, deer, fish, sheep , means, species, series, works, crossroads headquarters等。

　　Various means of transport are introduced in this article.

　　There are already 137 species of butterflies known in the world today.

　　It is all a means to an end.這只是達到目的的一種手段。

　　The airline ordered 15 new aircraft.那家航空公司訂購了十五架新飛機。

　　五、表示時間、距離、度量、價值的復數(shù)名詞作主語時,主語與謂語動詞的一致

　　這些復數(shù)名詞, 如表示抽象概念, 被視作一整體時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式;如表示具體的多少,

　　強調(diào)復數(shù)意義時,謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式。

　　Ten minutes is all that I can spare for you.

　　Six thousand dollars is a large sum of money to her.

　　The fifty miles were covered by the winner in three hours.

　　六、由with, as well as等詞或詞組修飾的單數(shù)名詞作主語時,主語與謂語動詞的一致.

　　如作主語的單數(shù)名詞后有下列詞或詞組修飾時, 謂語動詞仍用單數(shù)形式: with, along with,

　　together with, besides, as well as, in addition to, accompanied by, rather than, but等。

　　The teacher as well as the students likes this novel.

　　A scientist, together with some assistants,was sent to help solve that problem.

　　The boss, rather than his employees, is to blame.

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