第十天:拆分組合 翻譯快樂---邏輯組合
對句子進行拆分、并確定了各意群的意義以后,需要按照中文的邏輯將意思組合起來,即按照中文表達習慣和邏輯關(guān)系重新安排句子順序,如將定語和狀語前置等。下面仍然以前面的三個例子說明如何進行邏輯組合。
例一,
72. “In short”, a leader of the new school contends, “the scientific revolution, as we call it, was largely the improvement and invention and use of a series of instruments that expanded the reach of science in innumerable directions.” (1994-72)
新學派的一位領(lǐng)袖人物堅持說:“簡言之,我們所謂的科學革命,主要是指一系列器具的改進、發(fā)明和使用,這些改進、發(fā)明和使用使科學發(fā)展的范圍無所不及。”
邏輯組合:
由于定語從句that expanded the reach of science in innumerable directions較長,可以單獨成句;同時,先行詞the improvement and invention and use of a series of instruments是定語從句的主語(由that代替),翻譯時重復先行詞。
例二,
72. How well the predictions will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount, reliability, and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted. (1995-72)
這些預(yù)測在多大程度上為后來的表現(xiàn)所證實,這取決于所用信息的數(shù)量、可靠性和適宜性,以及解釋這些信息的技能和才智。
邏輯組合:
主語較長,可以在主謂相接之處斷句。句末的定語從句前置,修飾先行詞the skill and wisdom。
例三,
62. Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry which seeks to study humans and their endeavors in the same reasoned, orderly, systematic, and dispassioned manner that natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena.
社會科學是知識探索的一個分支,它力圖像自然科學家研究自然現(xiàn)象那樣,用理性的、有序的、系統(tǒng)的和冷靜的方式研究人類及其行為。
邏輯組合:
定語從句which seeks to study humans and their endeavors…較長,可以與前面的主句分開翻譯;in the same reasoned, orderly, systematic, and dispassioned manner做狀語,修飾study,翻譯時可以放在study前面;定語從句that natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena可以前置修飾manner。
由此可見,要做好英譯漢部分,必須學習理解原文與漢語表達兩個方面,二者缺一不可。
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