26. What is implied in the first sentence?
[A] The Supreme Court strongly opposes forced medication.
[B] Medication may be unduly imposed upon insane victims.
[C] Prisoners have no constitutional rights to file their appeals.
[D] American defendants enjoy a higher degree of civilization.
27. The author mentions the case of Mr. Sell to
[A] justify his desperation in the face of outrageous violation of his rights.
[B] criticize the Supreme Court’s hesitation to allow voluntary medication.
[C] expose the side-effects of less-intrusive powerful drugs administered.
[D] call attention to the overlooked rights of insane defendants.
28. The views of libertarian groups and the federal government on forcible medication are
[A] identical.
[B] complementary.
[C] opposite.
[D] overlapping.
29. Which of the following best defines the word “aggressive” (Line 3, Paragraph 4)
[A] oppressive.
[B] compulsory.
[C] reassuring.
[D] explicit.
30. This text may most probably be extracted from an article entitled
to number one with its first album; now the band has split up.
A third idea is to transform narrowly defined record firms into broader music companies. Revenues from touring, concerts, and sponsorship added about 40% to global sales of recorded music in 2001, making the global music industry worth $47.6 billion, according to a recent report by Music Week. Some new sorts of music revenues are emerging: sales of snatches of songs to use as mobile-phone ring-tones raised $ 71m last year for artists, according to Informa Media, a research group — small, but 58% up on 2001.
For a true star, the extra pot is far bigger: record companies get only 15% of all revenues generated by such an artist, although they have made the star’s name and marketed his brand. The rest goes to the singer, agent, manager, producer and assorted other hangers-on.
Even if the industry buys itself time through consolidation and other strategies, its long-term health requires a solution to piracy. Investing in musicians is ultimately about building a back catalogue of hits that provide an ongoing source of revenues. But what is the point of a back catalogue if pirates are helping themselves to its tracks for nothing? If that is the outcome, the winners from today’s merger talks could simply be the sellers.
31. Digital piracy is something
[A] the record industry must fight against.
[B] getting more pervasive since last year.
[C] merger companies are responsible for.
[D] incurred in EMI’s merger strategies.
32. The statement “the extra pot” (Line 1, 5) implies that
[A] selling song snatches bring in big revenues.
[B] stars’ records are best-sellers in a shrinking markets.
[C] some stars might reap earnings extravagantly.
[D] many musicians are underpaid by their companies.
33. It can be inferred from the text that pirates
[A] threaten to do more harm than good.
[B] are insensitive to the emergence of stars.
[C] crush down the initiative of investors.
[D] are likely to pose a real challenge.
34. Which of the following is true according to the text?
[A] A combination of different strategies paves the way for further expansion.
[B] The record industry is desperately seeking a way out of its problems.
[C] The short-term consolidation proves to be best solution to digital piracy.
[D] There would be awkward negotiations between mergers and pirates.
35. From the text we can see that the writer seems
[A] indifferent.
[B] confident.
[C] apprehensive.
[D] pessimistic.
Text 4
If you could sex cities, Florence would be male and Venice female. In 1833 Chateaubriand thought Venice was a female city situated at the water’s edge about to be extinguished with the day. But there is a less sentimental conception of Venice’s femininity: of a woman of easy virtue who clings on to many clients despite the ravages of time which are treated by means of shrewdly applied face lifts. There is enough lingering charm to toy with the memories of her admirers. But this Venice is dying.
All these images are to be found in Margaret Plant’s thoroughly and lovingly researched, thoughtful and hugely concise history of modern Venice. It is surprisingly revealing and ought to make lovers of an unchanged and unchanging Venice reconsider their enthusiasm and prejudices. Ms Plant begins by describing the plucky survival of Venice in the wake of its invasion by Napoleon’s army in 1797. Napoleon stole the four bronze horses from the basilica of San Marco, destroyed its boat-building capacity, and demolished a church in Piazza San Marco. But these were the last major upheavals in Venice. In the absence of political clout, Venice succumbed to the tourist trade — something it had always an instinctive feeling for.
Tourism became an insidious influence on the debate between the party that wanted Venice to be a creature of its past which concentrated on conservation and restoration, and those who preferred to improve the quality of life even if that meant changing the face of the place.
Ms Plant declares that the 1880s were the moment in the modern history of Venice because that decade confirmed it was to be a dead city. “It began quite precisely in 1887, when the city was fetishised and its face turned resolutely to the past. It became a virtual cliché to advocate that Venice had the world as its audience; its own citizens are confirmed as a lower order.”
The fascists tried to alter the policy, developing a port on the mainland in Marghera, but pollution from chemical plants attacked the stone fabric of the city. In 1996 a great flood deluged Venice, and when it was repaired it looked exactly as it had done. After decades of restoration it looks as well as it ever has. Its international audience luxuriates in Venice. But the numbers of tourists rise uncontrollably and the city is flooded with monotonous regularity.
Since Venice has always preferred romance to reality and retained a morbid fascination, Ms
Plant’s conclusion is apt enough: “Meanwhile the seas are rising. In the city of apocalypse the four golden horses are at the ready, pawing at the porch of St Mark, waiting to haul the city out of the waters and into the sky.”
36. The sentence “Florence would be male and Venice female” (Line 1, Paragraph 1) means that
[A] Florence is less attractive to clients seeking romance.
[B] Florence is situated further away from water’s edge.
[C] Florence is more immune to man-made preservation.
[D] Florence is less thoughtful of its admirers’ expectations.
37. It is implied in the second paragraph that many lovers of Venice may
[A] fail to recognize the subtlety of its changes.
[B] hold prejudices against political conflicts.
[C] criticize the vicious behaviors of the fascists.
[D] retain a controlled and instinctive fascination.
38. The word “fetishised” (Line 3, Paragraph 4) most probably means
[A] retrieved.
[B] worshipped.
[C] regulated.
[D] sacrificed.
39. According to the author, those who are concentrated on the restoration of Venice should accept the fact that
[A] their efforts are dubiously oriented.
[B] its images improve the quality of life.
[C] their advocates are less sentimental.
[D] the old city is inevitably dying.
40. The text is intended to express the idea that
[A] restoring old cities entails thoughtful and thorough planning.
[B] an old city is bound to be extinguished in foreseeable future.
[C] preserving an old city means interfering with it all the time.
[D] a let-alone policy would be best applicable to a fragile old city.
Part B
Directions:
The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For Questions 41-45, you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent article by choosing from the list A-G to fill in each numbered box. The first and the last paragraphs have been placed for you in Boxes. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
[A] The rise of English as the EU’s dominant working language was given a decisive push by the Union’s last expansion, in 1995, when Austria, Finland and
Sweden joined the club. Officials from all three countries, especially the two Nordic ones, are much more likely to be fluent in English than French. The Union’s public voice is increasingly anglophone. For a brief period earlier this year the spokesmen for all three major institutions in Brussels — the commission, the European Parliament and the Council of Ministers — were British. Jonathan Faull, the commission’s chief spokesman, will be replaced this month by Reijo Kemppinen, a Finn. But for French-speakers the change is a double-edged sword. The good news for them is that this high-profile job will no longer be held by a Briton; the bad news is that Mr. Faull’s French is rather better than MR. Kemppinen’s.
[B] Some French officials argue that there are wider intellectual implications that threaten the whole European enterprise. In a speech at a conference in Brussels on the French language and EU enlargement, Pierre Defraigne, a senior official at the commission, argued that “it’s not so much a single language that I fear but the singled way of thinking that it brings with it.” When French was Europe’s dominant language in the 18th century, French ideas were the intellectual currency of Europe.
[C] In Brussels Mr. Dethomas was chief spokesman for Jacques Delors, the powerful and charismatic French head of the European Commission who stepped down in 1995. Until that year the sole working language in the commission’s press room was French, but it was already clear which way the wind was blowing. “Quite often”, say Mr. Dethomas, “I would give the official briefing in French, and then I would have to give a second briefing in my office in English.”
[D] These days, however, ambitious young Europeans need to perfect their English and so tend to polish off their education in Britain or the United States, where they are exposed to Anglo-Saxon ideas. For a country like France, with its own distinct intellectual traditions in economics, philosophy and law, such a trend is understandably galling. The commission’s Mr. Defraigne worries aloud whether “it is possible to speak English without thinking American.”
[E] But the rise of English within EU institutions particularly alarms the French elite because for many years the Brussels bureaucracy has been a home-from-home, designed along French administrative lines, often dominated by high-powered French officials working in French. Moreover, the emergence of English as the
EU’s main language gives an advantage to native English-speaking Eurocrats. As Dethomas notes: “It’s just much easier to excel in your own language”.
[F] The fact that the key EU institutions have bases in francophone cities — Brussels, Luxembourg and Strasbourg — means that lots of French will continue to be spoken in the EU’s corridors and meeting rooms. But the grip of English will tighten still more next year, when the Union will take in ten more countries, mainly from central Europe. The commission is planning to recruit over 3,000 Eurocrats from the former communist block. The best guess is that some 60% of them will speak English as their second language; for only 20% or so will it be French.
[G] From his desk at the European Commission’s office in Warsaw, Bruno Dethomas has been gloomily monitoring the decline of his native French within the European Union. “When I left Brussels in 1995,” he remarks (in perfect English), “70% of the documents crossing my desk were written in French. Nowadays 70% are in English.”
Order:
G → 41. → 42. → F → 43. → 44. →45.
Part C
Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)
The really critical implication of the discovery still lies with the door that geneticists have opened on the environmental influences of our behaviour, our personalities and our health, and for the critical blow it strikes the idea of biological determinism.
(46) For the past decade, the public has witnessed a rising epidemic of tales of discoveries of genes that dispose humanity to homosexuality, to alcoholism, to political persuasion, to running ability, and to artistic taste.
But even before yesterday’s revelations by Venter, scientists had stopped believing in the gay gene. Yet belief in its existence still persists among the public. (47) The assault on biological determinism that geneticists have now triggered will be timely, and human nature is a lot more complex and intriguing than determinists have given it credit for.
It has become increasingly fashionable for individuals particularly in the United States to blame actions and crimes on the influence of their genes. Several US defendants accused of violent crimes have argued that they were innocent victims of their genes. (48) In other words, genetic predestination could soon have been used to excuse murder or robbery — if it had not been for this discovery that we lack the genes to thus dispose us!
Kevin Davies is the author of “The Sequence”, a story of the human genome race. He said, (49) “There has been a recent study on perfect pitch, the ability to know the absolute pitch of a musical note, that strongly suggests that is acquired through the inheritance of a single gene”.
“That may sound like a clear-cut piece of biological determinism. However, there is a crucial corollary you have to be exposed to early musical training for the ability to materialise. In other words, even in seemingly simple inherited abilities, nurture has a role to play.”
And then there is the case quoted by Venter. “Take the example of colon (結(jié)腸) cancer. People say there is a gene that predisposes us to the disease. And certainly it runs in families. (50) However, it is only the colon where we find all sorts of toxins and bacteria that provides the harsh circumstances that final causes that gene to finally break down and for cancer to spread.”
In short, it is not a colon cancer gene but a gene that affects our ability to respond to the environment. And that, is what human nature is all about.
Section III Writing
Part A
51. Directions:
Recently you were a visitor wanting to exit a gallery and you were confronted with misleading signs that read rather awkwardly, “Way Out” or “Export”. Write a letter to the department concerned, politely asking them to rectify the mistranslations. You should elaborate an effective way to tackling this problem.
You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign you own name at the end
of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead. You do not need to write the address. (10 points)
Part B
52. Directions:
A. Study the following picture carefully and write an essay in no less than 160 - 200 words.
B. Your essay must be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2.
C. Your essay should meet the requirements below:
1) Describe the following drawing, interpret its meaning, and
2) Give your comments.
答案：
Section I Use of English (10 points)
1.D 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.A 6.C 7.B 8.D 9.C 10.A
11.A 12.C 13.D 14.B 15.B 16.C 17.A 18.C 19.D 20.B
Section II Reading Comprehension (60 points) Part A
21.A 22.D 23.B 24.B 25.C 26.B 27.D 28.C 29.A 30.A
31.A 32.C 33.D 34.B 35.D 36.C 37.A 38.B 39.D 40.C
Part B 41.C; 42. A; 43. E; 44. B; 45. DPart C
46. 在過(guò)去的十年間，公眾耳聞目睹了基因發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)說(shuō)的廣為流傳，這些基因?qū)⒋绑w頂端
同性戀、酗酒、政治游說(shuō)、奔跑能力和藝術(shù)品位都賦予了人性。
47. 由遺傳學(xué)者發(fā)起的對(duì)生物學(xué)決定論的攻擊將會(huì)正合時(shí)宜，而且人類(lèi)本性遠(yuǎn)比決定論者對(duì)其所做的評(píng)估要更為復(fù)雜和有趣。
48. 也就是說(shuō)，如果不是因?yàn)榘l(fā)現(xiàn)缺乏自我限定的基因，基因可能很快就會(huì)被用于為殺人和搶劫進(jìn)行開(kāi)脫。
49. “比較近曾有一次關(guān)于完美音高感的研究，完美音高感是指了解每個(gè)音符絕對(duì)音準(zhǔn)的能力，該研究有力地證明了這種能力是通過(guò)一種單基因遺傳而獲得的�！�
50. 然而，只在結(jié)腸中我們才發(fā)現(xiàn)所有種類(lèi)的毒素和細(xì)菌，它們所形成的惡劣環(huán)境比較終導(dǎo)致那種基因壞死和癌癥的擴(kuò)散。
Section III Writing (30 points)51. (10 points ) (略)51. (20 points) (略)
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