平時(shí)，做完題后精讀很重要，這是考場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)確、快速做題的必備前提。

下面這段詞句比較復(fù)雜，同學(xué)們要確保自己真正看懂看透，要理解長(zhǎng)句的結(jié)構(gòu)，要認(rèn)識(shí)每一個(gè)詞和詞語(yǔ)（我配上譯文，以便大家自我檢測(cè)理解是對(duì)還是不對(duì)，尤其帶色部分和劃線部分）。其實(shí)，后面命題者所設(shè)計(jì)的閱讀題就是考查考生們是否能看懂這一部分。

The growth of the limited liability company and municipal business had important consequences. Such large，impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased the numbers and importance of shareholders as a class，an element in national life representing irresponsible wealth detached from the land and the duties of the landowners; and almost equally detached from the responsible management of business. All through the nineteenth century，America，Africa，India，Australia and parts of Europe were being developed by British capital，and British shareholders were thus enriched by the world’s movement towards industrialization. Towns like Bournemouth and Eastbourne sprang up to house large “comfortable” classes who had retired on their incomes，and who had no relation to the rest of the community except that of drawing dividends and occasionally attending a shareholders meeting to dictate their orders to the management. On the other hand “shareholding” meant leisure and freedom which was used by many of the later Victorians for the highest purpose of a great civilization.


60. The growth of limited liability companies resulted in .

A. the separation of capital from management

B. the ownership of capital by managers

C. the emergence of capital and labor as two classes

D. the participation of shareholders in municipal business


有限責(zé)任公司和市政企業(yè)的增長(zhǎng)具有重大的意義。這種對(duì)資本和企業(yè)的大規(guī)模的、不帶個(gè)人色彩的操作極大地增加了持股階層的數(shù)量和重要性，這個(gè)階層是國(guó)家生活的重要元素，它代表了無(wú)需承擔(dān)責(zé)任的財(cái)富與土地和土地?fù)碛姓叩穆氊?zé)分開（持股者光拿錢，不承擔(dān)管理經(jīng)營(yíng)責(zé)任，不像以前的地主，有土地財(cái)富，但要自己經(jīng)營(yíng)）；也與企業(yè)的責(zé)任管理脫鉤。十九世紀(jì)中，美洲、非洲、印度、澳洲以及歐洲都被英國(guó)的資本開發(fā)著，英國(guó)的持股者就因?yàn)槭澜绲墓�業(yè)化而大發(fā)其財(cái)。Bournemouth和Eastbourne這樣的城鎮(zhèn)紛紛涌現(xiàn)，從而為那些憑自己的收入而退休的、大量的“舒適”階層提供住處，這些人除了在領(lǐng)取紅利或者參加股東會(huì)議對(duì)管理層發(fā)號(hào)施令的時(shí)候之外，與社區(qū)其他人沒有交往。從另一方面說，“持股”意味著休閑和自由，這正好被后維多利亞時(shí)代的人們用來(lái)建設(shè)一個(gè)崇高而偉大文明（意思是：有一部分人休閑和自由，才能去進(jìn)行文明的更多偉大的創(chuàng)建，英國(guó)也才更發(fā)達(dá)）。


Q60，答案為A，選項(xiàng)中的separation…from…替換了原文的detached from…而已。