2017考研英語:巧用詞匯替換破解閱讀細節(jié)題

　　考研英語閱讀理解的一個重要考察題型是細節(jié)題，這類題目我們可以根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞回到原文進行定位，選擇與原文意思比較接近的并且符合題目要求的選項。對于這類題目來說，正確選項一般是對原文內(nèi)容的同義替換。而這主要是通過詞匯的變換來實現(xiàn)的，包括1.原詞重現(xiàn);2.同近義詞替換;3.反義詞替換;4.上下義詞替換。下面文都老師以2014年考研英語閱讀真題的第二篇文章為例來看一下如何利用詞匯技法來解答閱讀中的細節(jié)題。

　　26.a lot of students take up law as their profession due to

　　[A]the growing demand from clients.

　　[B]the increasing pressure of inflation.

　　[C]the prospect of working in big firms.

　　[D]the attraction of financial rewards.

　　該題詢問學(xué)生選擇法律作為自己專業(yè)的緣由，定位到第二自然段第二句話：The best lawyers made skyscrapers-full of money, tempting ever more students to pile into law schools. Skyscrapers-full of money即是financial rewards的具體內(nèi)容。Attraction是tempting的同義替換，故正確答案是D。

　　27.Which of the following adds to the costs of legal education in most American states?

　　[A]Higher tuition fees for undergraduate studies.

　　[B]Admissions approval from the bar association.

　　[C]Pursuing a bachelor’s degree in another major.

　　[D]Receiving training by professional associations.

　　該題詢問是什么因素增加了美國大多數(shù)州的法律教育費用，定位到與教育花銷有關(guān)的第三自然段：There is just one path for a lawyer in most American states: a four-year undergraduate degree in some unrelated subject, then a three-year law degree at one of 200 law schools authorized by the American Bar Association and an expensive preparation for the bar exam. This leaves today’s average law-school graduate with $100,000 of debt on top of undergraduate debts. a bachelor’s degree in another major是undergraduate degree in some unrelated subject的同義替換，bachelor’s degree是undergraduate degree的另一種表述方式，another major是unrelated subject的同義表述。

　　28.Hindrance to the reform of the legal system originates from

　　[A]lawyers’ and clients’ strong resistance.

　　[B]the rigid bodies governing the profession.

　　[C]the stem exam for would-be lawyers.

　　[D]non-professionals’ sharp criticism.

　　該題詢問司法體系改革的阻力的來源，可以定位到第五段第一句和比較后一句：The other reason why costs are so high is the restrictive guild-like ownership structure of the business. There is pressure for change from within the profession, but opponents of change among the regulators insist that keeping outsiders out of a law firm isolates lawyers from the pressure to make money rather than serve clients ethically. opponents of change among the regulators , 反對改革的人來自監(jiān)管人員中。regulators即是the restrictive guild-like ownership structure的維護者，是選項中的bodies governing the profession，rigid是restrictive的近義詞。故選項是B。

　　通過考研閱讀真題的分析，大家可以很容易看出，細節(jié)題的正確選項往往是對文章中某些關(guān)鍵信息的同義改寫，形式看似不同，但是所表達的意思是完全一致的。如果大家想了解更多關(guān)于考研英語閱讀的方法和技巧，可以登錄文都考研頻道查看更多考研信息。