2017考研英語必備：經(jīng)典長難句訓(xùn)練(二)

　　一、長難句訓(xùn)練題

　　1、Creating a “European identity” that respects the different cultures and traditions which go to make up the connecting fabric of the Old Continent is no easy task and demands a strategic choice—that of producing programs in Europe for Europe.

　　2、The issue of whether life ever existed on the planet, and whether it persists to this day, has been highlighted by mounting evidence that the Red Planet once had abundant stable, liquid water and by the continuing controversy over suggestions that bacterial fossils rode to Earth on a meteorite from Mars.

　　3、It has also been proposed that just because we know so much about people intuitively, there has been less incentive for studying them scientifically: Why should one develop a theory, carry out systematic observations, or make predictions about the obvious?

　　4、You have all heard it repeated that men of science work by means of induction and deduction, that by the help of these operations, they, in a sort of sense, manage to extract from Nature certain natural laws, and that out of these, by some special skill of their own, they build up their theories.

　　5、Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development.

　　二、長難句訓(xùn)練題解析

　　1、

　　解析：

　　句子的主干是Creating a “European identity” is no easy task and demands a strategic choice。第一個(gè)that是定語從句的關(guān)系代詞，引導(dǎo)定語從句來修飾European identity;而第二個(gè)that即that of producing …，這個(gè)that就是一個(gè)指示代詞，指前文出現(xiàn)過的名詞choice。which引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾different cultures and traditions。

　　參考譯文：

　　不同的文化和傳統(tǒng)把歐洲大陸編制成一體，要?jiǎng)?chuàng)造出一種尊重這些不同文化和傳統(tǒng)的“歐洲品牌”絕非易事，需要人們做出戰(zhàn)略性的選擇，即選擇在歐洲為歐洲做節(jié)目。

　　2、

　　解析：

　　主句為：The issue of whether life ever existed on the planet, and whether it persists to this day, has been highlighted by… and by…。主句主語的結(jié)構(gòu)為: The issue of whether…and whether…。of短語修飾the issue, that the Red Planet…是evidence的同位語從句，(即是evidence的具體內(nèi)容)。that bacterial fossils…是suggestions的同位語從句，說明suggestions的具體內(nèi)容。)

　　參考譯文：

　　越來越多的證據(jù)表明，這個(gè)紅色行星上曾經(jīng)有穩(wěn)定而豐富的液態(tài)水，而且人們對從火星落到地球上的細(xì)菌化石隕石的說法一直有爭論，這使火星上是否存在過生命和是否至今仍有生命的問題成為了引人注目的重點(diǎn)。

　　3、

　　解析：

　　主句為：It has also been proposed。That…for studying them scientifically是主語從句，是形式主語it的真主語。because we know so much about people intuitively是這個(gè)主語從句中嵌套的原因狀語從句。冒號(hào)后面是一個(gè)簡單句，對前面內(nèi)容起解釋說明作用。)

　　參考譯文：

　　還有解釋說，正是由于我們對人的直覺了解太多，所以我們沒有科學(xué)地研究這些直覺的動(dòng)力：對于顯而易見之事，人們?yōu)槭裁匆�建立一種理論、進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)的觀察或是作一些預(yù)言呢?

　　4、

　　解析：

　　主句為：You have all heard it repeated,后面三個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句是it形式賓語的具體內(nèi)容。這三個(gè)that從意義上可以看作一系列連續(xù)的動(dòng)作。

　　參考譯文：

　　你們都多次聽說過，科學(xué)家是用歸納法和演繹法工作的，而且從某種意義上來說，他們依靠這種方法力求從自然界歸納出某些自然規(guī)律，然后根據(jù)這些規(guī)律，用自己的某種非同一般的本領(lǐng)，建立起他們的理論。

　　5、

　　解析：

　　本句的主干即是Behaviorists suggest that ...;that引導(dǎo)suggest的賓語從句，動(dòng)詞是will experience;who引導(dǎo)修飾child的定語從句，動(dòng)詞為is raised;where引導(dǎo)修飾environment的定語從句，動(dòng)詞為are;which引導(dǎo)修飾stimuli的定語從句，動(dòng)詞為develop。

　　參考譯文：

　　行為主義者的看法是，如果一個(gè)兒童在有許多刺激物的環(huán)境里成長，而這些刺激物能夠發(fā)展其做出適當(dāng)反應(yīng)的能力，那么，這個(gè)兒童將會(huì)有更高的智力發(fā)展。