考研英語寫作之書信的寫作格式
當(dāng)前的書信格式主要有英式和美式兩種。英式結(jié)構(gòu)即縮進(jìn)式結(jié)構(gòu),屬于比較傳統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu),即每一段的第一行都向里縮進(jìn)4-8個字符,且所有段落的縮進(jìn)距離必須保持一致;稱呼頂格寫,落款則在中間偏右的位置。美式結(jié)構(gòu)則是齊頭式結(jié)構(gòu),在商務(wù)英語中比較流行,尤其普遍運用于電子郵件的交流中,其特點是所有段落的第一行都頂格寫,段與段之間空一行,另外稱呼、落款等也都頂格寫。具體如下所示:
縮進(jìn)式:
Dear Kate, I wonder if you can lend me your MLA Handbook for Academic Writing. I am in the process of writing my graduation thesis, and need to consult the book now and then for standard formatting. Thus I might need to keep the book for about a month and a half, and I hope that would not bring any inconvenience to you. I assure you that I will maintain the book in good condition. If possible, please give me a call and I will come by your house to pick up the book. Thanks a lot. Yours, Judy |
齊頭式:
Dear Kate, I wonder if you can lend me your MLA Handbook for Academic Writing. I am in the process of writing my graduation thesis, and need to consult the book now and then for standard formatting. Thus I might need to keep the book for about a month and a half, and I hope that would not bring any inconvenience to you. I assure you that I will maintain the book in good condition. If possible, please give me a call and I will come by your house to pick up the book. Thanks a lot. Yours, Judy |
書信的結(jié)構(gòu):
英文的書信結(jié)構(gòu)通常包括6個組成部分:信頭(heading,包括寄信人地址和日期)、信內(nèi)地址(inside address,指收信人地址)、稱呼(salutation)、正文(body)、結(jié)束語(complimentary)、簽名(signature),有時候還包括附言(postscript)和附件(attachment)。具體如下圖所示:
No. 5, Beijing, 100971, 信頭 P.R.China Professor John Smith 13 Broadway Avenue 信內(nèi)地址 U.S.A Dear Prof. Smith, 稱呼 I am very glad to hear from you. …… 正文 …… Yours sincerely, 結(jié)束語 Judy 簽名 P. S.: …… 附言 |
一般的考研作文由于篇幅所限,只要求考生在書信中包括稱呼、正文、結(jié)束語和簽名四個部分,因此本章也重點討論這四個部分需要注意的一些問題。
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